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Anatomy 1 Final > Histo- Integumentary System > Flashcards

Histo- Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial layer of the skin. It is derived from___________.

A

Epidermis

Ectoderm

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2
Q

Deep layer of the skin. It is derived from___________.

A

Dermis

Mesoderm

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3
Q

The hypodermis consists of this type of tissue. Is it vascularized or non-vascularized?

A

Adipose

Vascularized

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4
Q

Cell of the dermis that participates in the formation of water barrier.

A

Keratinocytes

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5
Q

What is the most common type of cell is found in the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes

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6
Q

Pigment producing cells of the epidermis.

A

Melanocytes

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7
Q

Antigen presenting cells of the immune system found in epidermis cells.

A

Langerhan’s cells

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8
Q

Mechanoreceptor cells associated with sensory nerve endings in the epidermis.

A

Merkel’s cells

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9
Q

Where is thick skin found?

A

Palms of hands and soles of feet

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10
Q

Areas that are hairless and subjected to the most abrasion have this type of skin.

A

Thick skin

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11
Q

What type of skin is found everywhere except soles of feet and palms of hands?

A

Thin skin

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12
Q

How many layers does thin skin have?

What are they?

A 
4
Basale
Spinosum
Granulosum 
Corneum
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13
Q

How many layers does thick skin have?

What are they?

A 
5
Basale 
Spinosum 
Granulosum 
Lucidum 
Corneum
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14
Q

Major structural protein of the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

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15
Q

Keratinocytes form intermediate filaments that are also known as these

A

Tonofilaments

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16
Q

Keratinocytes participate in the formation of a water barrier via the production of these.

A

Lamellar bodies

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17
Q

Tubular shaped membrane bound organelles that contain lipids.

A

Lamellar bodies

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18
Q

Mitotically active layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum basale

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19
Q

What type of cells are found in the stratum basale

A

Cuboidal/columnar

Basophillic

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20
Q

Two principle layers of the skin

A

Epidermis

Dermis

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21
Q

Superficial layer of the skin. It is derived from___________.

A

Epidermis

Ectoderm

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22
Q

Deep layer of the skin. It is derived from___________.

A

Dermis

Mesoderm

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23
Q

The hypodermis consists of this type of tissue. Is it vascularized or non-vascularized?

A

Adipose

Vascularized

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24
Q

Cell of the dermis that participates in the formation of water barrier.

A

Keratinocytes

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25
Q

What is the most common type of cell found in the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes

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26
Q

Pigment producing cells of the epidermis.

A

Melanocytes

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27
Q

Antigen presenting cells of the immune system found in epidermis cells.

A

Langerhan’s cells

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28
Q

Mechanoreceptor cells associated with sensory nerve endings in the epidermis.

A

Merkel’s cells

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29
Q

Where is thick skin found?

A

Palms of hands and soles of feet

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30
Q

Areas that are hairless and subjected to the most abrasion have this type of skin.

A

Thick skin

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31
Q

What type of skin is found everywhere except soles of feet and palms of hands?

A

Thin skin

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32
Q

How many layers does thin skin have?

What are they?

A 
4
Basale
Spinosum
Granulosum 
Corneum
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33
Q

How many layers does thick skin have?

What are they?

A 
5
Basale 
Spinosum 
Granulosum 
Lucidum 
Corneum
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34
Q

Major structural protein of the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

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35
Q

Keratinocytes form intermediate filaments that are also known as these

A

Tonofilaments

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36
Q

Keratinocytes participate in the formation of a water barrier via the production of these.

A

Lamellar bodies

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37
Q

Tubular shaped membrane bound organelles that contain lipids.

A

Lamellar bodies

38
Q

Mitotically active layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum basale

39
Q

What type of cells are found in the stratum basale

A

Cuboidal/columnar

Basophils can

40
Q

Two principle layers of the skin

A

Epidermis

Dermis

41
Q

Cell processes of stratum spinous are connected to those of adjacent cells by these

A

Desmosomes

42
Q

This contributes to the spiny/prickly appearance of the stratum spinous my cells

A

Expanded Intercellular spaces between spines left after histological preparation.

43
Q

Keratin intermediate filaments group in bundles called

A

Tonofibrils

44
Q

The production of keratohyalin granules and lamellar bodies begin in this layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum spinous

45
Q

Lamellar bodies are released within this layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum granulosum

46
Q

The initiation of the conversion of granular cells into cornfield cells is called

A

Keratinization

47
Q

Epidermal layer that is only found in thick skin

A

Stratum lucidum

48
Q

Epidermal layer where the cells lose nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles.

A

Stratum corneum

49
Q

Cells of this layer of the epidermis slough off at the surface.

A

Stratum corneum

50
Q

Cells of this layer of the epidermis are actively mitotic stem cells.

A

Stratum basale

51
Q

Cells of this layer of the epidermis contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made up of pre-keratin.

A

Stratum spinous

52
Q

Cells in this layer of the epidermis are flattened. Organelles deteriorate, and the cytoplasm is full of lamellar granules and keratohyaline granules.

A

Stratum granulosum

53
Q

Cells in this layer of the epidermis are dead.

A

Stratum corneum

54
Q

Melanin accumulates over nuclei to protect DNA from this

A

UV radiation

55
Q

Epidermal cell that are dendritic and have long processes that extend between keratinocytes within the stratum spinous

A

Melanocytes

56
Q

The cell bodies of melanocytes are found in this epidermal layer

A

Stratum basale

57
Q

Langerhan’s cells are derived from this

A

Bone marrow

58
Q

Langerhan’s cells present processed antigens to these within nearby lymph nodes

A

T lymphocytes

59
Q

Disc like terminal of afferent nerve fibers of Merkel’s cells

A

Merkel’s corpuscle

60
Q

Merkel’s cells contain these

A

Neurosesecretory granules

61
Q

Most common type of skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma

62
Q

Type of skin cancer characterized by highly atypical cells at all levels of the dermis

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

63
Q

Most serious form of skin cancer. Presents as irregularly pigmented, multi color lesion.

A

Malignant melanoma

64
Q

What type of cells does malignant melanoma originate from

A

Melanocytes

65
Q

Dermis layer made up of loose connective tissue

A

Papillary

66
Q

Finger like connective tissue protrusions that protrude into the epidermis.

A

Dermal papillae

67
Q

Layer of the dermis that contains nerve endings and blood vessels

A

Papillary layer

68
Q

Layer of the dermis that is dense irregular connective tissue

A

Reticular layer

69
Q

Large ovoid structures found in the dermis and hypodermis.

A

Pacinian corpuscles

70
Q

What is the function of pacinian corpuscles?

A

Detect deep pressure and vibration

71
Q

Tapered, cylindrical structures located within the dermal papillae of hairless skin.

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

72
Q

These form the lamellae of Meissner’s corpuscles

A

Flattened Schwann cells

73
Q

What is the function of Meissner’s corpuscles?

A

Detect light touch

74
Q

Elongated, filamentous, keratinized structures that project from follicles in the epidermis

A

Hair

75
Q

This is responsible for the production and growth of hair

A

Hair follicles

76
Q

Hair follicles are not associated with this type of skin

A

Thick

77
Q

Smooth muscle connecting connective tissue sheath surrounding hair follicle to papillary layer of the dermis

A

Arrector pili muscle

78
Q

Contraction of arrector pili muscles cause hair to do this.

A

Stand on end, resulting in goosebumps

79
Q

Muscle that has a role in insulation and is innervated by sympathetic nerves

A

Arrector pili

80
Q

Widely distributed gland that is part of merocrine secretion and excretes wastes and excess salts

A

Eccrine sweat glands

81
Q

Where are eccrine glands located

A

Deep in dermis or upper part of hypodermis

82
Q

Type of cells in the ducts of eccrine cells

A

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

83
Q

Glands that are found in the axiallary and perineal regions of the body.

A

Apocrine sweat glands

84
Q

When do apocrine cells become functional?

A

Puberty

85
Q

What causes the odor associated with apocrine glands

A

They secrete viscous, protein rich sweat. When the proteins start to breakdown due to bacteria, this causes the odor.

86
Q

Where do apocrine sweat glands empty into

A

Follicle canal

87
Q

What is the function of eccrine sweat glands

A

Regulation of body temperature and waste removal

88
Q

Lipid containing substance produced and secreted by oil glands

A

Sebum

89
Q

Type of gland that plays a role in acne production

A

Sebaceous

90
Q

What type of secretion do sebaceous glands do

A

Holocrine

Anatomy 1 Final (13 decks)

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