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CT MSK > HIS: Epithelium > Flashcards

HIS: Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following characteristics are true of epithelia EXCEPT?

A. Innervated

B. Regenerative

C. Polarity

D. Vascular

A

D. Vascular

The Epithelium is avascular

Cellularity

Polarity

Attachment

Avascular

Innervated

Regenerative

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2
Q

Which of the following correctly describes the apical surface? Correctly label the other 2 options

A. Faces exterior surface/lumen of an enclosed cavity/tube

B. Anchors cell to underlying CT, rests on basement membrane

C. Cell-to-cell comunication and attachment

A

Apical: Faces exterior surface/lumen of an enclosed cavity/tube

Basal surface: Anchors cell to underlying CT, rests on basement membrane

Lateral Surface: Cell-to-cell comunication and attachment

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3
Q

Which of the following intercellular junctions encircles cells near the most apical surface, and presence of theses junctions decreases cell’s permeability?

A. Tight/Occulding Junctions

B. Gap/Communicating Junctions

C. Adherens

D. Desmosome

E. Hemidesmosome

A

Tight/Occulding Junctions

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4
Q

Which of the following intercellular junctions is fluid filled and made up of connexin aggregates that form channels/pores for communication?

A. Tight/Occulding Junctions

B. Gap/Communicating Junctions

C. Adherens

D. Desmosome

E. Hemidesmosome

A

Gap/Communicating Junctions

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5
Q

Which of the following intercellular junction is an anchoring junction where lateral adhesions involving cadherins interacts with actin filaments?

A. Tight/Occulding Junctions

B. Gap/Communicating Junctions

C. Adherens

D. Desmosome

E. Hemidesmosome

A

Adherens

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6
Q

Which of the following intercellular junction is an anchoring junction with lateral adhesions involving cadherins that interact with intermediate filaments? They are stronger and have rivets (like that on jeans) located anywhere from apical to basal position in cell.

A. Tight/Occulding Junctions

B. Gap/Communicating Junctions

C. Adherens

D. Desmosome

E. Hemidesmosome

A

Desmosome

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7
Q

Which of the following intercellular junction is an anchoring junction that only involves basal adhesion with integrins and intermediate filaments that anchor to basal lamina? These are especially useful for preventing epithelial tissue from ripping off.

A. Tight/Occulding Junctions

B. Gap/Communicating Junctions

C. Adherens

D. Desmosome

E. Hemidesmosome

A

Hemidesmosome

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8
Q

T/F: Pemphigus vulgaris reduces the function of desmosomes reducing cell-to-cell adhesion leading to oral blisters

A

True

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9
Q

Tight junctions get attacked by food poisoning causing bacteria and H pylori

A

Cool

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10
Q

What is basement membrane, where is it located, and what is its general function?

A

Extracellular material thats adjacent to basal domain and is a selective barrier between tissue that permits diffusion of nutrients

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11
Q

Cytoplasmic processes with an actin core specialized in absorption, and significantly increase surface area. Found in the small intestine

A. Microvilli

B. Stereocilia

C. Cilia

A

Microvilli

NOTE: Celiac disease is a loss of microvilli on absorbative cells in small intestine

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12
Q

Long and less mobile apical specialization, that has a microtubule structure with an actin core. Restricted to epididymis and hair cells of inner ear.

A. Microvilli

B. Stereocilia

C. Cilia

A

Stereocilia

NOTE: also considered microvilli of unusual length

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13
Q

Cilia are long, highly motile structures that contain an array of microtubules. There are three types Motile, Primary, and Nodal. Describe each of those structure

A

Motile: “Wave-like” movement to propel substances accross tissue

Primary: Immotile and acts as chemo-, osmo-, or mechano- receptors

Nodal: embryonic and found at end of primitive streak; have a role in determining L/R axis

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14
Q

Where would you find simple squamous endothelium?

A

Blood and lymphatic vessels

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15
Q

Where would you find simple squamous mesothelium?

A

Serous membranes

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16
Q

Where would you normally find simple squamous epithelium? (4)

What are its 3 general functions?

A

Alveoli

Loop of Henle

Glomeruli

Various ducts

Functions: Exchange, lubrication, barrier

17
Q

What are locations where simple cuboidal epithelium is found? (4)

What is the function?

A

Kidney tubules

Glands and ducts

Terminal bronchioles

Ovaries

Functions: Absorption, secretion, barrier

18
Q

What are the locations you would find simple columnar epithelium? (6)

What is the function? (2)

A

Auditory tubes

Uterus

Oviducts

Stomach

Small and Large Intestine

Gallbladder

Function: Absorption and Secretion

19
Q

Where would you find pseudostratified columnar ciliated spithelium (4)?

What are 4 functions?

A

Lining of Nasal cavity

Pharynx

Trachea

Bronchi

Functions: Absorption, Secretion, Debris, Moving Particulates

20
Q

Urothelium is located in what 3 places that all relate, and have what 2 functions?

A

Urinary Bladder

Ureters

Urethra

Functions: Barrier and Distensibility

21
Q

All of the following locations are specific to Nonkeratinized Stratified squamous, except which of the following that is specific for Keratinized stratified squamous?

A. Oral cavity

B. Anus

C. Epidermis of the skin

D. Pharynx

E. Esophagus

F. Vagina

G. Urethra

H. Cornea

A

Epidermis of the skin

NOTE: On the exam be sure to specify non vs keratinized stratified squamous in order to get credit

NOTE: Both serve as barriers and protection

22
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium serve as barriers and passageways in what 4 locations?

A

Sweat glands

Ducts

Salivary glands

Ovarian follicles

23
Q

Fill in the blank

With exocrine glands, the ______ makes the product, and a collection of them is called the ________, which is supported by _______. The product is then released into the duct. The septa seperates the gland into lobules, and might be closed within a capsule.

A

With exocrine glands, the ___acinus___ makes the product, and a collection of them is called the ___parenchyma_____, which is supported by ___stroma____. The product is then released into the duct. The septa seperates the gland into lobules, and might be closed within a capsule.

24
Q

What is the difference between serous and mucous acini in terms of products molecule base, and staininig?

A

Serous acini secretions are more water based, which pick up dye readily

Mucous acini is lipid based and does not pick up dye as easily

25
Q

Secretion is derived in membrane bound vesicles, to apical surface and undergo exocytosis.

A. Merocrine gland

B. Holocrine gland

C. Apocrine galnd

A

Merocrine gland

26
Q

Secretion accumulates in the cell which leads to apoptosis where the secretion and the cell contents are released.

A. Merocrine gland

B. Holocrine gland

C. Apocrine gland

A

Holocrine gland

27
Q

Secretion is the release of the apical portion of the cell, is surrounded by cytoplasm within a plasma membrane.

A. Merocrine gland

B. Holocrine gland

C. Apocrine gland

A

Apocrine gland

28
Q

_________ is a type of simple _________ epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels. While ________ lines serous membranes

A

____Endothelium_____ is a type of simple ___Squamous______ epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels. While ___Mesothelium_____ lines serous membranes

CT MSK (20 decks)

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