HIS: Epithelium Flashcards
All of the following characteristics are true of epithelia EXCEPT?
A. Innervated
B. Regenerative
C. Polarity
D. Vascular
D. Vascular
The Epithelium is avascular
Cellularity
Polarity
Attachment
Avascular
Innervated
Regenerative
Which of the following correctly describes the apical surface? Correctly label the other 2 options
A. Faces exterior surface/lumen of an enclosed cavity/tube
B. Anchors cell to underlying CT, rests on basement membrane
C. Cell-to-cell comunication and attachment
Apical: Faces exterior surface/lumen of an enclosed cavity/tube
Basal surface: Anchors cell to underlying CT, rests on basement membrane
Lateral Surface: Cell-to-cell comunication and attachment
Which of the following intercellular junctions encircles cells near the most apical surface, and presence of theses junctions decreases cell’s permeability?
A. Tight/Occulding Junctions
B. Gap/Communicating Junctions
C. Adherens
D. Desmosome
E. Hemidesmosome
Tight/Occulding Junctions
Which of the following intercellular junctions is fluid filled and made up of connexin aggregates that form channels/pores for communication?
A. Tight/Occulding Junctions
B. Gap/Communicating Junctions
C. Adherens
D. Desmosome
E. Hemidesmosome
Gap/Communicating Junctions
Which of the following intercellular junction is an anchoring junction where lateral adhesions involving cadherins interacts with actin filaments?
A. Tight/Occulding Junctions
B. Gap/Communicating Junctions
C. Adherens
D. Desmosome
E. Hemidesmosome
Adherens
Which of the following intercellular junction is an anchoring junction with lateral adhesions involving cadherins that interact with intermediate filaments? They are stronger and have rivets (like that on jeans) located anywhere from apical to basal position in cell.
A. Tight/Occulding Junctions
B. Gap/Communicating Junctions
C. Adherens
D. Desmosome
E. Hemidesmosome
Desmosome
Which of the following intercellular junction is an anchoring junction that only involves basal adhesion with integrins and intermediate filaments that anchor to basal lamina? These are especially useful for preventing epithelial tissue from ripping off.
A. Tight/Occulding Junctions
B. Gap/Communicating Junctions
C. Adherens
D. Desmosome
E. Hemidesmosome
Hemidesmosome
T/F: Pemphigus vulgaris reduces the function of desmosomes reducing cell-to-cell adhesion leading to oral blisters
True
Tight junctions get attacked by food poisoning causing bacteria and H pylori
Cool
What is basement membrane, where is it located, and what is its general function?
Extracellular material thats adjacent to basal domain and is a selective barrier between tissue that permits diffusion of nutrients
Cytoplasmic processes with an actin core specialized in absorption, and significantly increase surface area. Found in the small intestine
A. Microvilli
B. Stereocilia
C. Cilia
Microvilli
NOTE: Celiac disease is a loss of microvilli on absorbative cells in small intestine
Long and less mobile apical specialization, that has a microtubule structure with an actin core. Restricted to epididymis and hair cells of inner ear.
A. Microvilli
B. Stereocilia
C. Cilia
Stereocilia
NOTE: also considered microvilli of unusual length
Cilia are long, highly motile structures that contain an array of microtubules. There are three types Motile, Primary, and Nodal. Describe each of those structure
Motile: “Wave-like” movement to propel substances accross tissue
Primary: Immotile and acts as chemo-, osmo-, or mechano- receptors
Nodal: embryonic and found at end of primitive streak; have a role in determining L/R axis
Where would you find simple squamous endothelium?
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Where would you find simple squamous mesothelium?
Serous membranes
Where would you normally find simple squamous epithelium? (4)
What are its 3 general functions?
Alveoli
Loop of Henle
Glomeruli
Various ducts
Functions: Exchange, lubrication, barrier
What are locations where simple cuboidal epithelium is found? (4)
What is the function?
Kidney tubules
Glands and ducts
Terminal bronchioles
Ovaries
Functions: Absorption, secretion, barrier
What are the locations you would find simple columnar epithelium? (6)
What is the function? (2)
Auditory tubes
Uterus
Oviducts
Stomach
Small and Large Intestine
Gallbladder
Function: Absorption and Secretion
Where would you find pseudostratified columnar ciliated spithelium (4)?
What are 4 functions?
Lining of Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Functions: Absorption, Secretion, Debris, Moving Particulates
Urothelium is located in what 3 places that all relate, and have what 2 functions?
Urinary Bladder
Ureters
Urethra
Functions: Barrier and Distensibility
All of the following locations are specific to Nonkeratinized Stratified squamous, except which of the following that is specific for Keratinized stratified squamous?
A. Oral cavity
B. Anus
C. Epidermis of the skin
D. Pharynx
E. Esophagus
F. Vagina
G. Urethra
H. Cornea
Epidermis of the skin
NOTE: On the exam be sure to specify non vs keratinized stratified squamous in order to get credit
NOTE: Both serve as barriers and protection
Stratified cuboidal epithelium serve as barriers and passageways in what 4 locations?
Sweat glands
Ducts
Salivary glands
Ovarian follicles
Fill in the blank
With exocrine glands, the ______ makes the product, and a collection of them is called the ________, which is supported by _______. The product is then released into the duct. The septa seperates the gland into lobules, and might be closed within a capsule.
With exocrine glands, the ___acinus___ makes the product, and a collection of them is called the ___parenchyma_____, which is supported by ___stroma____. The product is then released into the duct. The septa seperates the gland into lobules, and might be closed within a capsule.
What is the difference between serous and mucous acini in terms of products molecule base, and staininig?
Serous acini secretions are more water based, which pick up dye readily
Mucous acini is lipid based and does not pick up dye as easily
Secretion is derived in membrane bound vesicles, to apical surface and undergo exocytosis.
A. Merocrine gland
B. Holocrine gland
C. Apocrine galnd
Merocrine gland
Secretion accumulates in the cell which leads to apoptosis where the secretion and the cell contents are released.
A. Merocrine gland
B. Holocrine gland
C. Apocrine gland
Holocrine gland
Secretion is the release of the apical portion of the cell, is surrounded by cytoplasm within a plasma membrane.
A. Merocrine gland
B. Holocrine gland
C. Apocrine gland
Apocrine gland
_________ is a type of simple _________ epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels. While ________ lines serous membranes
____Endothelium_____ is a type of simple ___Squamous______ epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels. While ___Mesothelium_____ lines serous membranes
