Back Angiology & Neurology Flashcards
What’s the difference between the Right Subclavian/Common Carotid As. and the Left Subclavian/Common Carotid As.?
Right Subclavian A. and Right Common Carotid A. both come off the Brachiocephalic trunk
Left Subclavian A. and Left Common Carotid A. both come off the Aortic Arch directly
What is the order of arteries that come off the Left Subclavian Artery?
Vertebral A.
Internal Thoracic A.
Thyrocervical Trunk
Costocervical Trunk
Dorsal Scapular A.
Remember: VITamin C and D
What are the branches off the Thyrocervical Trunk?
What structures do each supply?
Inferior Thyroid A. supplies Thyroid Gland
Suprascapular A supplies Supraspinatus M. and Infraspinatus M.
Transverse Cervical A. supplies Trapezius M.
Remember: Inferior Super Trap
The Rhomboid Muscles and LEvator Scapulae are innervated by what A. off the Left Subclavian A.?
Dorsal Scapular A.
If the Dorsal Scapular A. arises from the Transverse Cervical A. it is known as the ________ of the t=Transverse Cervical A.
If the Dorsal Scapular A. arises from the Transverse Cervical A. it is known as the Deep Branch of the t=Transverse Cervical A.
Which of the following branches of the Thyrocervical Trunk can branch variably and become a Deep Branch and Superificial Branch? What nerve would the superficial branch travel with? What A. would the Deep Branch Replace and supply?
A. Inferior Thyroid A.
B. Suprascapular A.
C. Transverse Cervical A.
D. None of the above
Transverse Cervical A.
Superficial Branch would travel with Spinal Accessory N. to the Trapezius M.
Deep Branch would replace the Dorsal Scapular A. and supply the Rhomboid Ms. and Levator Scapulae
The Costocervical Trunk of the Left Subclavian A. gives off what two A.?
Deep Cervical A.
Supreme Intercostal A.
Remeber: COSTco sales are Deep Supreme
The Vertebral A. travels superiorly and gives off Anterior Spinal A. and Posterior Spinal A.
What direction do these two arteries of the Vertebral A. travel along the spinal cord?
What artery does the Anterior Spinal A. give off, and how much of the spinal cord does it supply?
Inferiorly
Sulcal A. supplies 2/3 of Spinal Cord
The Inferior Thyroid A. comes of the Thyrocervical Trunk, and gives off what A. ?
Ascending Cervical A.
The Latissimus Dorsi is supplied by what Artery?
Thoracodorsal A.
(Subclavian A. –> Axillary –> Subscapular A. –> Thoracodorsal A. )
Name the 8 Arteries that produce Paraspinal Arteries
Vertebral A.
Ascending Cervical A.
Deep Cervical A.
Posterior Intercostal A.
Subcostal A.
Lumbar A.
Iliolumbar A.
Lateral Sacral A.
Remeber: Paraspinal Arteries Are Produced by
Vodka Ac/Dc and PLS and IL
Which of the following producers of Paraspinal Arteries come off the Aortic Arch?
Specify Each
Vertebral A.
Ascending Cervical A.
Deep Cervical A.
Posterior Intercostal A.
Subcostal A.
Lumbar A.
Iliolumbar A.
Lateral Sacral A.
Vertebral A.: AA –> subclavian A.
Ascending Cervical A.: AA–> subclavian A. –> Thyrocervical trunk –> Inferior Thyroid A.
Deep Cervical A. : AA–> subclavian A. –> Costocervical Trunk
Which of the following producers of the Paraspinal Arteries come directly off Thoracic Descending Aorta?
Vertebral A.
Ascending Cervical A.
Deep Cervical A.
Posterior Intercostal A.
Subcostal A.
Lumbar A.
Iliolumbar A.
Lateral Sacral A.
Posterior Intercostal A.
Subcostal A. (@T12)
Which of the following producers of the paraspinal arteries come off the Abdominal Descending Aorta?
Specifiy which come directly off and which do not
Vertebral A.
Ascending Cervical A.
Deep Cervical A.
Posterior Intercostal A.
Subcostal A.
Lumbar A.
Iliolumbar A.
Lateral Sacral A.
Lumbar A. : comes directly off Abdominal Descending Aorta
Iliolumbar A.
Lateral Sacral A.
Both: Abdominal Descending Aorta –> Common Iliac A. –> Posterior Division of Internal Iliac A.
The arteries that produce the paraspinal As. supply ________, __________, and other supporting structures. These arteries feed directly into the ________ and _______ Spinal Arteries that come off the _________ Artery.
The arteries that produce the paraspinal As. supply Vertebrae, Spinal Cord, and other supporting structures. These arteries feed directly into the Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries that come off the Vertebral Artery.
Of the 4 main branches of paraspinal arteries, which of them travels with the posterior ramus and supplies spinous process with periosteal and nutrient branches?
A. Dorsal Branch
B. Equatorial Branches
C. Periosteal Branches
D. Spinal Branches
Dorsal Branch
Of the 4 main branches of paraspinal arteries, which of them supplies the vertebrae and occurs at every level of the vertebral column?
A. Dorsal Branch
B. Equatorial Branches
C. Periosteal Branches
D. Spinal Branches
Equatorial Branches
Of the 4 main branches of paraspinal arteries, which of them supplies the periosteum and occurs at every level of the vertebral column?
A. Dorsal Branch
B. Equatorial Branches
C. Periosteal Branches
D. Spinal Branches
Periosteal Branches
Of the 4 main branches of paraspinal arteries, which of them travels through the intervertebral foramen, occurs at every Thoracic level of the vertebral column and produce Vertebral Canal branches, Radicular As., and Segmental Medullary As.?
A. Dorsal Branch
B. Equatorial Branches
C. Periosteal Branches
D. Spinal Branches
Spinal Branches
What branch of the Paraspinal As. Spinal Branch produce ascending and descending branches, as well as produce Nutrient As. ? Specifiy if Anterior or Posterior
A. Vertebral Canal
B. Radicular A.
C. Segmental Medullary A.
Anterior Vertebral Canal
What branch of the Paraspinal As. Spinal Branch supply the vertebral arch? Specifiy if Anterior or Posterior
A. Vertebral Canal
B. Radicular A.
C. Segmental Medullary A.
Posterior Vertebral Canal
What branch of the Paraspinal As. Spinal Branch supply dorsal roots of spinal nerve? Specifiy if Anterior or Posterior
A. Vertebral Canal
B. Radicular A.
C. Segmental Medullary A.
Posterior Radicular A.
What branch of the Paraspinal As. Spinal Branch supply ventral roots? Specifiy if Anterior or Posterior
A. Vertebral Canal
B. Radicular A.
C. Segmental Medullary A.
Anterior Radicular A.
What branch of the Paraspinal As. Spinal Branch feed directly into the Anterior Spinal A.? Specifiy if Anterior or Posterior
A. Vertebral Canal
B. Radicular A.
C. Segmental Medullary A.
Anterior Segmental Medullary A.
Anterior/Posterior ______________ occur sporadically near _______ and ________ enlargements in place of Anterior/Posterior ___________.
Anterior/Posterior Segmental Medullary As. occur sporadically near Cervical and Lumbrosacral enlargements in place of Anterior/Posterior Radicular As..
What spinal branch of paraspinal Arteries feed directly into Anterior/Posterior Spinal Arteries?
A. Vertebral Canal
B. Radicular A.
C. Segmental Medullary A.
Segmental Medullary A.
The spinal cord occupies 2/3rds of the vertebral canal from the medulla oblongata to _________
Conus Medullaris
Transection at C1-C3 would result in what?
No function below the head
Respirator Required
Transection at C4-C5 results in?
No limb function
Some respiratory capability
Transection from C6-C8 results in?
No hand function
Variable upper limb function
Maybe some wheelchair movement
Transection from T1-T9 results in?
paralysis of both lower limbs
Transection from T10-L1 results in?
Some thigh muscle function
Might be able to use long leg braces
Transection from L2-L3 results in?
Most lower limb able to function
Maybe short leg braces needed
In order to draw CSF, Lumbar Puncture is performed. The needle passes through the __________ and pops, then passes into the ___________ deep to the spinal dura and arachnoid mater
In order to draw CSF, Lumbar Puncture is performed. The needle passes through the Ligamentum Flavum and makes “popping” noise, then passes into the Lumbar Cistern deep to the spinal dura and arachnoid mater
Which of the following is an enlargement of the Subarachnoid space inferior to the conus medullaris?
A. Filum Terminal Externum
B. Filum Terminal Internum
C. Lumbar Cistern
D. Spinal Dural Sac
Lumbar Cistern
NOTE: also the site of spinal taps
Denticulate ligaments come from the __________ and attach to the ______ to suspend the spinal cord
Denticulate ligaments come from the Pia Mater and attach to the Dural Sac to suspend the spinal cord
Where are the Cervical and Lumbrosacral Enlargements located, as they correlate the with Cervical, Lumbar, and Sacral Plexus respectively?
Cervical Enlargement: C4-T1
Lumbosacral Enlargement: T11-S1
What is the cauda equina?
Where is it Found
A bundle of Anterior and posterior roots from the Lumbrosacral Enlargement and Medullary cone
Found inside the lumbar cistern inferior to the medullary cone
What cervical spinal levels are the following nerves from?
Suboccipital N.
Greater occipital N.
Lesser Occipital N.
Suboccipital N. from posterior ramus of C1
Greater occipital N. from posterior ramus of C2
Lesser Occipital N. from posterior ramus of C3
What are the spinal levels that contribute to the Lumbar Plexus?
What are the spinal levels that contribute to the Sacral Plexus?
L1-L4
L4-S4
