Hip & Thigh powerpoint

Question 1

What class and type of joint is the SI joint?

Answer 1

Diarthrodial; gliding (planar) type synovial joint

Question 2

What class and type of joint is the sacroischial joint?

Answer 2

Amphiarthrodial; Fibrous, non synovial, syndesmosis

Question 3

What ligaments form boarders of the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 3

Sacrotuberous lig and sacrospinous lig

Question 4

What class and type of joint is the sacrococcygeal joint?

Answer 4

Amphiarthrodial; secondary cartilaginous joint, symphysis

Question 5

What is the border for the true and false pelvis?

Answer 5

The arcuate line; above is false, below is true

Question 6

How do you tell the difference between a male and female pelvis?

Answer 6

1. Angle of pubic arch – female wider
2. Pelvic inlet – female larger
3. Sacrum – female less curved
4. Obturator foramen – female oval, male round
5. Iliac ala – female wider and shallower

Question 7

What structures pass through the greater sciatic notch?

Answer 7

1. Superior gluteal nerve and vessels
2. Piriformis muscle
3. Inferior gluteal nerve and vessels
4. Sciatic nerve
5. Nerve to superior gemellus and obturator internus muscles
6. Nerve to inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris muscles
7. Pudendal nerve and vessels
8. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
   * Note structures which are above and below the piriformis muscle (n.s to posterior thigh, leg and foot)

Question 8

What articulates with the head of the femur within the acetabulum?

Answer 8

Lunate surface

Question 9

What passes through the lesser sciatic notch?

Answer 9

1. Obturator internus muscle
2. Nerve to obturator internus muscle
3. Pudendal nerve and vessels (Note these also travel through the greater sciatic notch)

Question 10

passageway for obturator nerve and vessels as they pass through the obturator foramen

Answer 10

Obturator groove

Question 11

Where is the attachment of ligamentous trees (lig of the head of the femur)?

Answer 11

Acetabular notch

Question 12

attaches to the edges of the notch and completes the articular surface of the acetabulum

Answer 12

Transverse ligament

Question 13

Name the structures which pass over the pelvic brim to the lower extremity

Answer 13

1. Tendon of the iliacus muscle
2. Tendon of the psoas major 3. muscle
3. Femoral Nerve, Artery and Vein
4. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
5. Lymph vessels

Question 14

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

Answer 14

1. Superior: Inguinal lig
2. Medial: Medial border of adductor longus (IN triangle)
3. Lateral: Medial border of sartorial (OUTside triangle)

Question 15

Name the structures that make up the femoral triangle from medial to lateral

Answer 15

1. Adductor longus muscle
2. Pectineus muscle
3. Iliopsoas muscle

Question 16

Name the contents of the femoral triangle from medial to lateral

Answer 16

1. Femoral v.
2. Femoral a.
3. Femoral n.

Question 17

What levels is the sciatic nerve? where does it split into the common fibular and tibial nerves?

Answer 17

L4-S3; usually about ½ way down the thigh

Question 18

What is the most common relationship between the piriformis m. and the sciatic n.?

Answer 18

The whole sciatic nerve passes inferior to the piriformis muscle as it enters the gluteal region; n. is most lateral structure emerging inferior to the m.

Question 19

What are the structures medial to the sciatic nerve?

Answer 19

inf. gluteal nerve, pudendal nerve, and various vessels

Question 20

In 12% of cases, the sciatic nerve splits into 2 divisions before entering the gluteal region. Where do the two divisions pass and what is its clinical significance??

Answer 20

1. Tibial: below piriformis
2. Common fibular: through piriformis
   tightness in piriformis may result in pinching of common fibular n.

Question 21

In .5% of cases, the sciatic nerve splits into 2 divisions before entering the gluteal region. Where does the two divisions pass and what is its clinical significance?

Answer 21

1. Tibial: below piriformis
2. Common fibular: above piriformis
   person is at higher risk of n. damage to common fib n. due to an injection

Question 22

Pit in head of femur; attachment of the ligamentous teres

Answer 22

Fovea capitis

Question 23

Pit on medial surface of greater trochanter; Insertion of obturator externus muscle

Answer 23

Trochanteric fossa

Question 24

Where does the iliofemoral ligament (Y-lig of bigelow) and pubofemoral lig attach?

Answer 24

anterior surface of the femur

Question 25

In the intercondylar fossa of the femur, the attachment of ACL is to [anterior/ posterior] and upper [medial/ lateral] wall.

Answer 25

Posterior; lateral

Question 26

In the intercondylar fossa of the femur, the attachment of PCL is to [anterior/ posterior] and lower [medial/ lateral] wall.

Answer 26

Anterior; medial