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Anatomy I > Head and Neck Powerpoints > Flashcards

Head and Neck Powerpoints Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 7 bones of the skull and face.

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Occipital
  4. Temporal
  5. Sphenoid
  6. Maxilla
  7. Mandible
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2
Q

What bone is the zygomatic process a part of?

A

Frontal bone and temporal bone

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3
Q

What is the point that connects the parietal and frontal bones?

A

Bregma

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4
Q

What is the point that connects the parietal bones and the occipital bone?

A

Lambda

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5
Q

What are the contents of the jugular foramen

A

CN IX, X, XI, and internal jugular vein

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6
Q

What enters through the foramen lacerum?

A

Internal coratid artery

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7
Q

What two muscles does the brachial plexus travel between?

A

Middle scalene and anterior scalene

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8
Q

What makes up the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Superior border: Mandible
Lateral border: Anterior border of SCM
Anterior border: Median plane of the neck

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9
Q

What does the anterior triangle of the neck contain?

A
  1. Common carotid artery
  2. Internal jugular vein
  3. Vagus nerve
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10
Q

What makes up the borders of the posterior triangle?

A

Anterior border: Posterior border of SCM
Posterior border: Trapezius m.
Inferior border: Clavicle

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11
Q

What are the structures located in the posterior triangle from posterior to anterior?

A
  1. Splenius Capitis m.
  2. Levator Scapulae m.
  3. Middle Scalene m.
  4. Brachial Plexus
  5. Anterior Scalene
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12
Q

What can happen if scalene muscles become tight?

A

Can cause brachial plexus compression and the corresponding symptoms

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13
Q

Besides the muscles and brachial plexus, what other structures are located in the posterior triangle?

A

External jugular vein, and cutaneous nerves from the cervical plexus

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14
Q

What is a mnemonic for the cranial nerves

A

OLd OPie OCcasionally TRies TRIgonometry And Feels VEry GLoomy, VAGUe, And HYPOactive

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15
Q

What is the name for CN I? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Olfactory; Sensory; Smell

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16
Q

What is the name for CN II? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Optic; Sensory; Vision

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17
Q

What is the name for CN III? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Oculomotor; Motor; Moves eye

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18
Q

What is the name for CN IV? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Trochlear; Motor; Superior Oblique m. of the eye

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19
Q

What is the name for CN V? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Trigeminal; Both; Sensory to the skin of the face, motor to muscles of mastication

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20
Q

What is the name for CN VI? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Abducens; Motor; Lateral Rectus m. of the eye

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21
Q

What is the name for CN VII? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Facial; Both; Sensory to anterior ⅔ of the tongue and motor to the m’s of facial expression

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22
Q

What is the name for CN VIII? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Vestibularcochlear; Sensory; Vestibular (orientation, motion) and cochlear (hearing)

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23
Q

What is the name for CN IX? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Glossopharyngeal; Both; Sensory to gag reflex, motor for swallowing

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24
Q

What is the name for CN X? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Vagus; Both; Sensory to organs and gag reflex, motor to organs

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25
Q

What is the name for CN XI? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Spinal Accessory; Motor; SCM, Traps

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26
Q

What is the name for CN XII? Is it sensory, motor, or both? What is its function?

A

Hypoglossal; Motor; Tongue m.

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27
Q

What anterior rami are part of the cervical plexus?

A

C1-C4

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28
Q

What spinal level is the phrenic nerve? what does it innervate?

A

C3-C5; diaphragm

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29
Q

What are the branches of the cervical plexus?

A
  1. Phrenic n.
  2. Lesser Occipital n.
  3. Greater Auricular n.
  4. Transverse Cervical n.
  5. Supraclavicular n.
  6. Greater Occipital n.
30
Q

What are the spinal levels of lesser occipital nerve? what does it innervate?

A

C2-C3; skin over lateral scalp, upper middle ear, skin over mastoid

31
Q

What are the spinal levels of the great auricular n.? what does it innervate?

A

C2-C3; skin over inferior area to ear, area from the mandible to the mastoid process

32
Q

What are the spinal levels of the transverse cervical n.? what does it innervate?

A

C2-C3; skin over ant. triangle of neck

33
Q

What are the spinal levels of the supraclavicular n? what does it innervate?

A

C3-C4; ant. aspect of chest as low as the 3rd rib, area of upper deltoid and clavicle, Sternoclavicular j. and Acromioclavicular j.

34
Q

What structure passes through the superior orbital fissure?

A

Ophthalmic n., CN III, IV and VI

35
Q

What structure passes through foramen ovale?

A

Mandibular n.

36
Q

What structure passes through foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary n.

37
Q

What structure passes through foramen lacerum?

A

Internal carotid artery

38
Q

What structures pass through foramen magnum?

A
  1. Vertebral arteries
  2. Spinal cord
  3. CN II
39
Q

What structure passes through the stylo-mastoid foramen?

40
Q

What structures pass through the jugular foramen?

A
  1. CN IX, X, XI

2. Internal jugular vein

41
Q

What structure passes through mandibular foramen?

A

Inferior alveolar n.

42
Q

What structure passes through the mental foramen?

43
Q

Where is the mandibular foramen located?

A

internal surface of mandible

44
Q

Where is the mental foramen located?

A

external surface of mandible, inferior to 2nd premolar

45
Q

What bony structures make up the zygomatic arch?

A
  1. Temporal process of the zygomatic bone

2. Zygomatic process of temporal bone

46
Q

What is the function of the supra hyoid muscles?

A

AKA digastric m’s; lower/depress the mandible at the TMJ

47
Q

What is the function of the infra hyoid muscles?

A
  1. Depress the hyoid

2. Stabilize the hyoid so the mandible can go down

48
Q

What is the function of the mandibular fossa?

A

Articulates with the head of the mandible to form the temporal part of the TMJ

49
Q

Which part of the mandible is the body and the ramus?

A 
Body = horizontal
Ramus = vertical
50
Q

What is the function of the condylar process and the head of the mandible?

A

Articulates to form the TMJ

51
Q

What are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  1. Ophthalmic n.
  2. Maxillary n.
  3. Mandibular n.
52
Q

For each division of the trigeminal nerve, is it sensory motor or both? if sensory, where is it sensory? if motor, where is it motor?

A

V1 (ophthalmic) = sensory; skin on frontal bone, nose, septum, in eye/tear duct
V2 (maxillary) = sensory; skin on zygomatic bone, temporal bone, below the eye
V3 (mandibular) = sensory and motor; skin in auriculotomoral, buccal, mental region, and teeth sensory; motor = muscles of mastication

53
Q

What are the branches of the ophthalmic n.?

A
  1. Supraorbital n.
  2. External Nasal n.
  3. Infratrochlear n.
  4. Supratrochlear n.
  5. Lacrimal n.
54
Q

What are the branches of the maxillary n.?

A
  1. Zygomaticotemoral n.
  2. Zygomaticofacial n.
  3. Infraorbital n.
55
Q

What are the branches of the mandibular n.?

A
  1. Auriculotemporal n.
  2. Buccal n.
  3. Mental n.
  4. Lingual n. (turns into inferior alveolar n.)
56
Q

What are the divisions of the facial nerve?

A
  1. Temporal
  2. Zygomatic
  3. Buccal
  4. Mandibular
  5. Cervical
57
Q

What is the facial nerve motor for?

A

Facial expression

58
Q

What is the facial nerve sensory for?

A

anterior ⅔ of the tongue for taste

59
Q

What does orbiculares oculi do? What innervates it?

A

Closes the eye; temporal and zygomatic branch of facial nerve

60
Q

What is Bell’s Palsy?

A

The facial nerve is damaged by the styloid process; the involved side will lose facial expression (eye will not close)

61
Q

What is one important characteristic of Myasthenia Gravis? What facial expression muscle is most affected?

A

As muscles get used more, they become weaker; orbiculares oculi

62
Q

What does levator palpebrae superioris do? What innervates it?

A

Lifts upper eyelids; CN III

63
Q

What does superior rectus m. of the eye do? What innervates it?

A

Moves eye up and in; CN III

64
Q

What does inferior rectus m. of the eye do? What innervates it?

A

moves eye down and in; CN III

65
Q

What does inferior oblique do? What innervates it?

A

Moves eye up and out; CN III

66
Q

What does medial rectus m of the eye do? What innervates it?

A

Moves eye toward midline (inward; “adduction”); CN III

67
Q

What does superior oblique do? What innervates it?

A

Moves eye down and out; CN IV

68
Q

What does lateral rectus m of the eye do?

A

moves eye out (“abduction”); CN VI

69
Q

What are the branches of the ophthalmic nerve?

A
  1. Supraorbital
  2. External Nasal
  3. Infratrochlear
  4. Supratrochlear
  5. Lacrimal
70
Q

What are the branches of the maxillary nerve?

A
  1. Zygomaticotemporal
  2. Zygomaticofacial
  3. Infraorbital
71
Q

What are the branches of the mandibular nerve?

A
  1. Auriculotemoral
  2. Buccal
  3. Lingual
  4. Inferior alveolar

Anatomy I (16 decks)

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