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Anatomy I > Abdominal Powerpoints > Flashcards

Abdominal Powerpoints Flashcards

1
Q

Hernia through weakness in abdominal wall; things in the abdominal wall push directly through it; result of weakness in the floor of the inguinal ring

A

Direct

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2
Q

What is more common: direct or indirect hernias? are the hernias more common in men or women?

A

Indirect; indirect more common in men, direct equally common in men and women

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3
Q

Slit-like opening in fascia transversals; Immediately superior to midpoint of inguinal ligament

A

Deep inguinal ring

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4
Q

What is contained in the inguinal canal?

A

Spermatic cord in men; round ligament of uterus in women

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5
Q

Where does the medial crus attach?

A

pubic bone and pubic crest medial to pubic tubercle

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6
Q

Where does the lateral crus attach?

A

pubic tubercle

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7
Q

What keeps the lateral and medial crus together and the superficial inguinal ring intact?

A

Intercrural fibers

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8
Q

What makes the superior wall (roof) of the inguinal canal?

A

Arching fibers of IAO and TA

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9
Q

What makes the inferior wall (floor) of the inguinal canal?

A
  1. Superior surface of inguinal ligament

2. Lacunar ligament

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10
Q

Medial part of inguinal ligament that is reflected back and attaches to pectineal line

A

Lacunar ligament

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11
Q

What makes the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A
  1. Part of aponeurosis of external oblique

2. Reinforced laterally by fibers of int. oblique and sometimes the transversus abdominis

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12
Q

What makes the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A
  1. Fascia trasversali

2. Medially by fibers of conjoint tendon, the common tendon of int. oblique and transversus abdominis muscles

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13
Q

What makes the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A
  1. Fascia trasversali

2. Medially by fibers of conjoint tendon, the common tendon of int. oblique and transversus abdominis muscles

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14
Q

Below the arcuate line, where are the aponeurosis of EAO, IAO, and trans. abdominis in relation to the rectus abdominis?

A

All are anterior, superficial to the rectus abdominis

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15
Q

What is the arcuate line?

A

Where the aponeurosis of the trans abd and IAO stop

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16
Q

Above the arcuate line, where are the aponeurosis of EAO, IAO, and trans. abdominis in relation to the rectus abdominis?

A
  1. EAO: anterior, superficial to rectus abd.
  2. IAO: split and both anterior, superficial and posterior, deep to rectus abd.
  3. TA: Posterior, deep to rectus abd.
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17
Q

What is the pundendal nerve important for?

A

control of bowl, bladder, and sexual function

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18
Q

What is the lowest cutaneous nerve in the abdomen?

A

Iliohypogastric nerve

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19
Q

What are the motor branches to the intercostal and abdominal muscles?

A

Branches of T1-L1 (Pudendal plexus)

20
Q

What spinal levels are the cervical plexus?

A

C1-C4

21
Q

What spinal levels are the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

22
Q

What spinal levels are the lumbar plexus?

A

branch from T12, and L1-L4

23
Q

What spinal levels are the sacral plexus?

A

L4-S3

24
Q

What spinal levels are the pudendal plexus?

A

parts of S2 and S3, and all of S4

25
Q

The [dorsal/ventral] primary ramus innervates the skin and muscles around the spine

A

Dorsal

26
Q

The [dorsal/ventral] primary ramus innervates the skin and muscles for the rest of the body.

A

Ventral (lat/ant trunk, UEs and LEs)

27
Q

As they exit the vertebral column, the dorsal and ventral roots join to form..

A

the spinal nerve (a mixed nerve)

28
Q

The spinal nerve then divides into..

A

into a posterior (dorsal) primary ramus and an anterior (ventral) primary ramus

29
Q

extension of pia mater

A

Film terminale

30
Q

filum terminale fuses with dura mater and attaches to coccyx

A

Coccygeal ligament

31
Q

Name the meninges layers from superficial to deep

A
  1. Dura mater
  2. Acrachnoid membrane
  3. Pia mater
32
Q

meninges, tough outer layer; wraps around filum terminale

A

dura mater

33
Q

meninges, shaped like a spider; fuses with dura mater at S2

A

Arachnoid membrane

34
Q

attached to the nervous system itself (brain or spinal cord); innermost layer

A

Pia mater

35
Q

gross anatomy in the spinal cord, thicker than surrounding regions; adding a lot of cells from lower (lumbar) and upper extremity

A 
Cervical enlargement (C4-T1)
Lumbar enlargement (T11-S1)
36
Q

the tapered, lower end of thespinal cord

A

Conus medullaris (near L1 and L2)

37
Q

Which part of the superficial fascia is the fatty, superficial layer?

A

Camper’s (only occurs in pubic region)

38
Q

Which part of the superficial fascia is the deep fibrous layer?

A

Scarpa’s fascia

39
Q

Name the m layers of the abdominal wall from superficial to deep

A
  1. External oblique muscle
  2. Internal oblique muscle
  3. Rectus abdominis
  4. Transverse abdominal muscle
  5. Pyramidalis muscle
40
Q

What abdominal regions are above the subcostal plane? what level is the subcostal plane?

A

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac;

L3

41
Q

What abdominal regions are below the transtubercular plane? what level is the transtubercular plane?

A

Right ilioinguinal, hypogastric, left ilioinguinal;

L5

42
Q

What abdominal regions are in between the subcostal and transtubercular plane?

A

Right lumbar, umbilical, and left lumbar

43
Q

What plane of the abdominal region are lines dropped straight down through the middle of the clavicle?

A

Midclavicular planes

44
Q

Identify the superior border of the anterior abdomen.

A

Diaphragm, 7 – 10 ribs, xiphoid process, intersternal notch, costal margins of the arch

45
Q

Identify the inferior border of the anterior abdomen.

A

Abdomen and pelvic region, starts at iliac crest, ASIS, inguinal ligament,
pubic tubercle and crest.

46
Q

hernia follows path from deep ring to canal to superficial ring; occurs through a weakness in the internal inguinal ring (deep inguinal ring); deep inguinal ring is a little bit open and the structures of deep abdominal cavity can potentially exit through the superficial inguinal ring; follows a passageway –not directly exiting through the wall

A

Indirect hernia

Anatomy I (16 decks)

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