Hip Joint/Anterior/Medial Thigh Flashcards
1
Q
What are the bony landmarks on the femur? (12)
A
- head
- neck
- greater trochanter
- lesser trochanter
- intertrochanteric line
- linea aspira
- M/L supracondylar ridge
- M/L epicondyle
- intercondylar fossa
- adductor tubercle
- patellar surfaces
- angles
2
Q
what connects the linea aspira to the lesser/greater trochanters?
A
- pectineal line
- gluteal tuberosity
3
Q
name the angles of the femur
A
- angle of inclination
- angle of torsion
- Q angle
4
Q
what attaches to the greater trochanter?
A
abductors and lateral rotators (ERs)
5
Q
what attaches to the lesser trochanter?
A
iliopsoas muscle
6
Q
what attaches at the intertrochanteric line?
A
iliofemoral ligament
7
Q
what is the linea aspira?
A
a ridge on the post femur that the adductors attach to
8
Q
where is the pectineal line?
A
runs from linea aspera to lesser trochanter
9
Q
where is the gluteal tuberosity?
A
runs from linea aspera to greater trochanter
10
Q
what is the angle of inclination?
A
angle between neck and shaft of the femur.
Results in distal femur moving medially to more effectively support the body when standing
11
Q
what is the Q angle?
A
the angle between the shaft of the femur and tibia.
Determines valgus/varus at the knee
12
Q
what are ligaments in the hip?
A
- Iliofemoral
- pubofemoral
- ischiofemoral
- ligament of head of femur
13
Q
pectineus prox attachment
A
pubic bone/superior ramus
14
Q
pectineus distal attachment
A
femur/pectineal line
15
Q
pectineus innervation
A
femoral and obturator nerves (L2-3
16
Q
pectineus action
A
flex, adduct, and IR femur at hip joint
17
Q
iliacus prox attachment
A
iliac/iliac fossa
18
Q
iliacus distal attachment
A
femur/lesser trochanter
19
Q
iliacus innervation
A
femoral nerve (L2, 3)
20
Q
iliacus action
A
- flex femur at hip
- flex trunk at thigh
21
Q
psoas major prox attachmen
A
lower T and upper L vert bodies and transverse p
22
Q
psoas major distal attachment
A
femur/lesser trochanter
23
Q
psoas major innervation
A
lumbar plexus (L1, 2)
24
Q
psoas major action
A
- flex femur at hip
- can also flex trunk at thigh
25
sartorius prox attachment
ilium/ASIS
26
sartorius distal attachment
prox/med/post tibia
27
sartorius innervation
femoral n (L2, 3)
28
sartorius action
1. hip -- flex, ER, ABD
2. knee -- flex
29
describe the force chain of the quadriceps femoris
quadriceps muscles→ quadriceps tendon→ patella→ tibia/tibial tuberosity
30
rectus femoris prox attachment
ilium/AIIS
31
rectus femoris distal attachment
quadriceps tendon/patella/patellar ligament/tibial tuberosity
32
rectus femoris innervation
femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
33
rectus femoris action
1. hip - flex femur
2. knee - extend tibia
34
vastus lateralis prox attachment
femur
35
vastus lateralis distal attachment
quadriceps tendon/patella/patellar ligament/tibial tuberosity
36
vastus lateralis innervation
femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
37
vastus lateralis action
1. extend leg at knee
2. help stabilize patella at the knee
38
what part of the vastus lateralis stabilizes the knee?
vastus lateralis oblique = lateral retinaculum
39
vastus medialis prox attachment
femur
40
vastus medialis distal attachment
quadriceps tendon/patella/patellar ligament/tibial tuberosity
41
vastus medialis innervation
femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
42
vastus medialis action
1. extend leg at knee
2. helps stabilize knee
43
what part of the vastus medialis stabilizes the knee?
vastus medialis oblique = medial retinaculum
44
vastus intermedius prox attachment
femur
45
vastus intermedius distal attachment
quadriceps tendon/patella/patellar ligament/tibial tuberosity
46
vastus intermedius innervation
femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
47
vastus intermedius action
1. extend at knee
2. articularis genu elevates patellar bursa when leg is extending knee
48
medial thigh muscles
1. adductor longus
2. adductor brevis
3. adductor magnus
4. Gracilis
5. obturator externus
49
adductor longus prox attachment
pubis/body
50
adductor longus distal attachment
femur/linea aspira
51
adductor longus innervation
obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
52
adductor longus action
ADD, flex, IR femur at hip
53
adductor brevis prox attachment
pubis/inferior ramus
54
adductor brevis distal attachment
femur/linea aspira
55
adductor brevis innervation
obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
56
adductor brevis action
ADD, flex, IR femur at hip
57
adductor magnus note
has 2 parts:
1. hamstring part in posterior
2. adductor part in anterior
58
prox attachment adductor magnus posterior
ischium/ishial tuberosity
59
distal attachment adductor magnus posterior
adductor tubercle
60
adductor magnus posterior innervation
tibial nerve (L4)
61
adductor magnus posterior action
extend femur at hip
62
prox attachment adductor magnus anterior
pubis/inferior ramus
63
distal attachment adductor magnus anterior
femur/linea aspira/medial supracondular ridge
64
adductor magnus anterior innervation
obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
65
adductor magnus anterior action
ADD, flex, IR femur at hip
66
Gracilis prox attachment
pubis/body
67
Gracilis distal attachent
prox/medial/posterior tibia
68
Gracilis innervation
obturator nerve (L2, 3)
69
Gracilis action
1. hip - ADD, flex, IR femur
2. knee - flex
70
Obturator externus prox attachment
external surface of obturator membrane
71
obturator externus distal attachment
greater trochanter
72
obturator externus innervation
obturator nerve (L3, 4)
73
obturator externus action
ER, ABD femur at hip
74
what inserts at the pes anserinus?
1. Sartorius
2. Gracilis
3. Semitendinosus
75
all medial thigh muscles but ____ and ______ cross the hip anteriorly to flex the thigh at the hip
1. posterior adductor magnus
2. obturator externus
76
all medial thigh muscles but _____ contribute to IR of the thigh at the hip when the hip is laterally rotated
obturator externus
77
All medial thigh muscles but ________ and _________ attach distally to the linea aspira for the femur
1. Gracilis 2. Obturator Externus
78
what forms the adductor hiatus?
distal attachments of hamstring and adductors
79
what passes through the adductor hiatus?
femoral artery and vein from anterior thigh to posterior thigh
80
superior boundary of the femoral triangle
inguinal ligament running from ASIS to pubic tubercle
81
medial boundary of the femoral triangle
lateral border of the adductor longus
82
lateral/inf boundary of the femoral triangle
superior border of Sartorius
83
floor of femoral triangle
1. iliopsoas 2. pectineus
84
roof of femoral triangle
skin and fascia
85
what passes through the retroinguinal space?
blood and lymph vessels, and nerves from the pelvic cavity to the leg
86
femoral triangle contents
1. femoral nerve
2. femoral artery and vein
3. inguinal lymph nodes
87
lateral border of adductor (femoral) canal
vastus medialis
88
medial border of adductor (femoral) canal)
adductor longus and magnus
89
roof of adductor (femoral) canal
sartorius
90
origin of adductor (femoral) canal
apex of femoral triangle
91
terminus of adductor (femoral) canal
adductor hiatus in aponeurosis of adductor magnus
92
adductor (femoral) canal contents
1. femoral artery and vein
2. saphenous nerve
93
what is the saphenous nerve?
cutaneous branch of femoral nerve
94
Main arteries of the thigh
1. femoral artery 2. deep femoral artery 3. obturator artery
95
Femoral Artery route
from external iliac artery at inguinal ligament to adductor hiatus where ir becomes the poplieteal artery
96
deep femoral artery route
branch of femoral to muscles of the medial and posterior thigh and femur
97
obturator artery route
branch of internal iliac artery to muscles of medial and posterior thigh
98
Veins of the thigh
1. Femoral vein 2. Great Saphenous vein
99
Nerves of the Thigh
1. Femoral nerve (L2-4) 2. Obturator nerve (L2-4)
100
terminal sensory branch of femoral nerve
saphenous nerve
