Hip Joint Flashcards
1
Q
What type of joint?
A
Synovial polyaxial ball and socket
- 3 degrees of freedom
2
Q
Movements
A
- Flex/Ext in Sagittal plane Frontal axis
- Abd/Add in Frontal plane Sagittal axis
- Med/Lat rotation in Transverse plane Longitudinal axis
Circumduction also possible
3
Q
Joint Surfaces (Acetabulum/Acetabular Labrum/Head of Femur)
A
Acetabulum- where the 3 bones in hip fuse, faces inferolaterally, receives head of femur
- lunate shaped hyaline cartilage, thickest above and centrally for weight bearing
- non articular region covered with fat
A.Labrum- deepens Acet. wraps around surface
- defective in anterior aspect so can change shape under strain
- fibrocartilaginous rim, triangle cross.sec
- deepens socket; more stable (can tear)
Head of Femur- sphere covered in hyaline cart.
-thicker at centre
4
Q
Ligaments
A
- Iliofemoral (ant)
- Pubofemoral (ant)
- Ischiofemoral (post)
- Ligamentum Teres (head of femur)
5
Q
What increases stability?
A
- Strong surrounding ligts.
- Acetabulum, deepened by labrum
- Strong capsule
- Vacuum effect of ball in socket
- Oblique angle of femoral neck
- Supported by strong muscles
6
Q
What limits ROM?
A
- Tension of antagonists
- Soft tissue apposition
- Ligt. Tension
- Relative congruency of art.surf (good fit)
7
Q
Main muscles responsible for an individual movement
A
- Flexion: Iliopsoas
- Extension: Glute max and Hamstrings
- Abduction: Glute Med/Min
- Adduction: Add Longus/Brevis/Magnus
- Lat rotation: Glute Max, Obturator Ext/Int, Gemelli and Quad Femoris
- Med rotation: TFL, ant aspect of Glute Med/Min
8
Q
Attachments of capsule
A
- Ant to intertrochanteric line
- Above base of femoral neck
- Post to neck sup to trochanteric crest
- Surrounds Acet.labrum and transverse ligt.
