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Anats > Hip and Thigh Anatomy > Flashcards

Hip and Thigh Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Components of the quadriceps muscle

A

Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius

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2
Q

Anterior articular depression between condyles of femur

A

Trochlea

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3
Q

Law stating that bony structures orient themselves in form and mass to best resist extrinsic forces

A

Wolff’s law

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4
Q

Most common type of hip dislocation

A

Posterior dislocation

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5
Q

Thigh position associated with posterior hip dislocation

A

Adducted, internally rotated, flexed thigh

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6
Q

Thigh position associated with anterior hip dislocation

A

Abducted, externally rotated, flexed thigh

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7
Q

Femoral fracture that is considered to be an orthopedic emergency

A

Femoral shaft fracture - potential source of significant blood loss and compartment syndrome

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8
Q

What type of joint is a hip joint?

A

Ball and socket joint

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9
Q

Ligaments that comprise the capsule of the hip joint

A

Iliofemoral (2 bands)
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

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10
Q

Ligament of the hip capsule that is called the Y ligament of Bigelow

A

Iliofemoral ligament

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11
Q

Weak ligament of the hip capsule that does not provide complete posterior joint coverage, resulting in the lateral posterior neck of the femur being extracapsular

A

Ischiofemoral ligament

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12
Q

Steps on how to do Patrick/FABER test to assess for presence of SI joint or hip pathology

A

Flex
Abduct
Externally rotate hip

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13
Q

Landmarks for measuring leg length

A

ASIS to medial malleolus

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14
Q

Reduction test of the hip, done by having the hips at 90 degrees then abduct hip

A

Ortolani maneuver

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15
Q

Dislocation test of the hip, done by having the hips at 90 degrees then exert posterior force

A

Barlow maneuver

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16
Q

Maneuver done to assess for any discrepancy in knee height. Done supine with knees and hips flexed.

A

Galeazzi maneuver

Knee height discrepancy revelas dislocated hip and short femur

17
Q

Adductors of the hip

A

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis

18
Q

Adductor muscle used in ligament reconstruction

A

Gracilis

19
Q

Part of the hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris (short head)
Biceps femoris (long head)
Semitendinosus
Semimebranosus

20
Q

Nerves included in the anterior division of the lumbar plexus

A 
Subcostal (T12)
Iliohypgastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)
Genitofemoral (L1-L2)
Obturator (L2-L4)
Accessory obturator (L2-L4)
21
Q

Nerve that runs on iliacus, crosses inferior to ASIS, and commonly compressed, leading to meralgia paresthetica

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

22
Q

Artery at risk of ligation in anteromedial surgical approach to hip

A

Descending branch of profunda femoris (deep artery of the thigh)

23
Q

Main blood supply to adult femoral head

A

Medial femoral circumflex artery

24
Q

Treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip for 0-6 months

A

Pavlik harness - harness placed to allow comfortable abduction within safe zone. Forced abduction beyond this limit may lead to avascular necrosis of femoral head

25
Q

Nerve of the lumbar plexus that participates in the patellar reflex

A

Femoral nerve

26
Q

Largest nerve in the body

A

sciatic nerve

27
Q

Landmark for anesthesia of pudendal nerve block

A

ischial spine of pelvis

28
Q

differentiate superior gluteal from inferior gluteal artery in terms of their relationship with the piriformis

A

Superior gluteal - enters the greater sciatic foramen above piriformis
Inferior gluteal - enters the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis

29
Q

Artery that supplies the head of the femur in children, proximal to the epiphyseal growth plate

A

Artery of ligamentum teres

30
Q

Most common site of the femoral artery where embolism or occlusion occurs

A

Where femoral artery gives off the deep femoral artery

31
Q

Most common compartment of the thigh and leg affected by compartment syndrome

A

Anterior compartment
thigh - crush injuries, involve femoral artery and nerve
leg - tibial fractures - anterior tibial artery and deep fibular nerve

32
Q

Boundaries of the femoral triangle

A 
Superior: inguinal ligament
Lateral: sartorius
Medial: adductor longus
Floor: pectineus and iliopsoas
Roof: fascia lata
33
Q

Contents of the femoral triangle

A

Femoral canal, vein, artery, nerve

(from medial to lateral(

34
Q

Content of the femoral triangle that is not included in the femoral sheath

A

Femoral nerve

35
Q

Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the head of the femur that possibly occurs when the medial and lateral circumflex arteries replace artery of the ligamentum teres as the main blood supply

A

Legg-Perthes disease

36
Q

Meniscus tears that are most commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament tears

A

Lateral meniscus

37
Q

Content of popliteal fossa

A 
tibial nerve
common fibular/peroneal nerve
popliteal artery
popliteal vein
small saphenous vein

Anats (8 decks)

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