Hip

Question 1

List common hip fractures

Answer 1

• Intracapsular (femoral neck) fracture
• Intertrochanteric fracture
• Subtrochanteric fracture

Question 2

List common pediatric hip pathologies

Answer 2

• Developmental hip dysplasia (laxity or dislocation of the hip) (us)
• Juvenile RA (autoimmune disorder peaks between ages 7-12)
• Septic arthritis/ bursitis/ osteomyelitis (infection, usually secondary)

Question 3

List common teen hip pathologies

Answer 3

• Slipped femoral capital epiphysis (posteromedial displacement due to growth plate)
• Snapping hip syndrome (abnormal tendon gliding) (us)
• Femoroacetabular impingement (repetitive strain injury from hyperflexion) (more common in women / catchers in squatting position)

Question 4

List common adult hip pathologies

Answer 4

• Fractures
• OA
• Osteoporosis (often results in hip fracture) (fracture often happens before fall)

Question 5

List the order of diagnostic imaging choices for the hip

Answer 5

1. X-rays (fractures, dislocations, arthritis, X-rays are generally used to identify anatomic abnormalities and disease) * start with bilateral hip x-ray
2. MRI (soft tissue, labrum etc.)
3. CT (complex fractures, bone fragments)
4. Ultrasound (hip dysplasia in infants, snapping hip. Interventional procedures) (not used often on adults because of adults having more adipose tissue)

Question 6

List specific uses for ultrasound on the hip

Answer 6

• Detect soft tissue injuries
• Visualize the joint capsule and bursa
• Ligament, muscle, and tendon tears
• Masses
• Loose intra-articular bodies
• Differentiate effusion
• Guide needle aspirations to remove fluid