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Religion Exam > Hinduism > Flashcards

Hinduism Flashcards

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1
Q

Avatar:

A

the incarnation of a deity in human or animal form to counteract the evil in the world

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1
Q

Ahimsa:

A

Ethical principal to not causing harm to other living things (non-violence, vegetarian lifestyle)

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2
Q

Brahman

A

-supreme being that is divine, invisible, unlimited and indescribable
-The soul of the universe from which all things arise and into which they all return
-Everything and everywhere
-It is manifested in various deities

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3
Q

Diety:

A

a god or goddess

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4
Q

Saraswati

A

-goddess of knowledge, music and the arts
-wife of Brahma
-4 arms (mind, ego, intellect, creativity)
-Veena (musical insturment)
-Book (Vedas)
-Pot of water
-Swan

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5
Q

Lakshmi

A

-goddess of wealth and prosperity
-Wife to Vishnu
-coins
-container
-gold
-elephant

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6
Q

Parvati

A

-goddess of love fertility and maternity
-the divine mother
-Shivas first wife
-Goddess of food and nourishment
-lion

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7
Q

Ganesha

A

-elephant headed
-God of beings
-god of intellect and remover of obstacles
-son of shiva and parvati
-mouse

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8
Q

Durga

A

-Warrior and protector goddess
-multiple weapons and arms
-shivas partner
-tiger/lion
-weapons
-lotus flower

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9
Q

Kali

A

-goddess of time and death
-dark andviolent portrayal
-shivas partner
-distruction and change
-donkey
-tongue
-necklace of human heads
-standing of human bodies

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10
Q

Krishna

A

-8th avatar of Vishnu
-leader, friend, hero and teacher
-usually portrayed as a child
-blue skin
-deity ofpanting, dance,music
-flute
-calf

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11
Q

Hanuman

A

-popular assistant of Lord Rama
-God of success, power and courage
-strength, perseverance, devotion
-giant mace (club with spikes)

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12
Q

Indra

A

-king of the Gods and heaven
-sky
-weather

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13
Q

Rama

A

-7th avatar of Vishnu had a wife named Sita
-featured in the Ramayana tales
-Protector God
-bow and arrow

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14
Q

Brahma

A

-creator of the universe
-part of the Hindu trinity
-4 heads, 4 arms
-not commonly worshiped
-swan
-lodus flower
-4 stages of life
-vedas
-bowl

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15
Q

Vishnu

A

-the preserver
-part of the Hindu Trinity
-incarnated 9 times with one more to come
-garuda (bird)

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16
Q

Shiva

A

-the destroyer
-part of the hindu trinity
-third eye
-bull
-life and death
-good & evil
-necklace of skulls
-trident

17
Q

Trimurti/Trinity

A

-what Brahman is manifested through
-The three most important dieties
1. Brahma
2. Vishnu
3. Shiva

18
Q

Dharma

A

-religious and moral law governing individual conduct
-Perform good deeds

19
Q

Diwali

A

-festival of lights
-Symbolizes good over dark and good over evil
-Day is based on the Hindu/solar calendar

20
Q

4 goals of human life

A
  1. Artha- financial security
  2. Kama- pleasure
  3. Dharma- moral law
  4. Moksha- liberation, ultimate goal
21
Q

4 stages of life

A
  1. Student (7 to 20)-religious education, search for truth
  2. Householder (20 to 50)- duty to family and money
  3. Semi-retired (when family is self supporting)- focus on spiritual matters
  4. Wandering ascetic (when ready)- holy life, no possessions or responsibilities
22
Q

Holi

A

-colourful festival to celebrate good over evil
-Powders of colour mean different things
-Celebrated in March

23
Q

Karma

A

-concept of action, work or deed & it’s effect or conseuenses
-How someone is reborn isdetermined by the law of karma
-Ones actions have an impact on their future

24
Q

Mahashivaratri

A

Celebrates the Hindu God Shiva at evening and night by praying pujas

25
Q

Mandala

A

a geometric configuration of symbols

26
Q

Mantra

A

a word or sound repeated to aid concentration in meditation

27
Q

Meditation

A

practice of calming and focusing the mind

28
Q

Moksha

A

liberation from the cycle of death & rebirth

29
Q

Navaratri

A

Dedicated to durga and parvati observers who fast all day and night for 9 days

30
Q

Puja

A

Worship of Dieties

31
Q

Puja in Household

A

-A murti/statue bathed or offered clothing
-Incense burned and lighted lamp/candle waved in front of deity
-Water and foods such as cooked rice, fruit, butter, sugar
-Bow, sip water given to deity, and receive portion of food (blessed food)
-Chant mantras or read verses from the holy books

32
Q

Puja in Temple/mandir

A

-Sunrise, noon, sunset or midnight
-Worshippers must remove shoes, wash hands, approach shrine (s) quietly
-Worshippers may ring/hear a bell, make offerings, sing mantras, listen to traditional music, chant verses of scripture, sing and clap along, see arti - lamp/candel is circled around deity, worshippers wave hands from flame to forehead

33
Q

Sacred Thread Ceremony

A

-Wisdom and Knowledge
-Childs family, teacher and child involved (guru), father
-Age 7-12 when a boy is at that age
-Thread draped over boys chest (Janoi)

34
Q

Reincarnation

A

belief that the soul or spirit, after biological death, begins a new life in a new body that may be human, animal or spiritual depending on the moral quality of the previous life’s actions.

35
Q

Vedas

A
  • the most ancient Hindu scriptures
    -Written in early Sannskrit
    -Contains hymns
    -Philosophy and guidance on rituals for the priests of Vedic religion
36
Q

Samsara

A
  • the cycle of birth, death & rebirth
    -All life must return to earth after death
37
Q

Caste System: Brahmins

A

1st Caste- priests, academics, leaders of faith, teachers

38
Q

Caste System: Kshatryias

A

2nd caste- warriors, kings, police, government, military, people who protect society

39
Q

Caste System: Vaishyas

A

3rd caste- “producers”- involved in the economy, farmers, artists, business people

40
Q

Caste System: Sudras

A

4th caste-serve the above people

41
Q

Caste System: Untouchables

A

live in separate small communities, do dirtiest work

Religion Exam (8 decks)

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