Buddhism

Question 1

“Buddha”

Answer 1

-Named Siddhartha Gautama
-Buddha means “enlightened” or “one who is awake”
-Born a prince in 400BCE India in luxury
-Left his home and became ascetic (searched for truth, training with different teachers to learn yoga and meditation)
-Middle Way - between luxury and poverty
-He sat alone under a bodhi tree and would not get up until he had the answers to why people suffer
-Mara and evil ones sent armies and storms to attack him. On the 49th day he touched his hand to the earth saying that wanting things is the reason people suffer. From there he became the Buddha

Question 2

Four Passing Sights:

Answer 2

1. Old man
2. Sick man
3. Dead man
4. Holy man

Question 3

4 Noble Truths

Answer 3

1.The truth of suffering-dukkha (suffering is inescapable)
2. The truth of the cause of suffering-samudaya (wanting/greed)
3. The truth of the end of suffering-nirhodha (stop wanting/ being greedy)
4. The truth that frees us from suffering-magga (the way to stop wanting/greeding)………
(the eightfold path)

Question 4

5 Precepts

Answer 4

1. Not to kill living beings
2. Not stealing
3. No sexual misconduct
4. Do not lie
5. No drugs or alcohol

Question 5

The eighfold Path

Answer 5

-Also called the wheel of Dharma
-These are put into motion
-Set of laws to help people live their lives without suffering
-Wheel also represents the cycle of life that humans face called samsara
-The centre of the wheel represents the 3 jewels (Dharma, Sangha, Buddha)
-The whole wheel also represents life, the Buddha’s teachings
-Looks like a ship’s steering wheel
-STALECUM

Question 6

The 8 paths

Answer 6

1. Speech
2. Thought
3. Action
4. Livelihood
5. Effort
6. Concentration
7. Understanding
8. Mindfulness

Question 7

Middle Way

Answer 7

middle of extreme asceticism and rich

Question 8

Three jewels/Triplle Gem

Answer 8

1.The Buddha- Sidhartha Guatama, self awakened one
2. Dharma- teachings of the buddha
3. Sangha- community

Question 9

Meditation

Answer 9

practice of calming and focusing the mind

Question 10

Nirvana

Answer 10

The end of personal suffering + the experience of unchanging peace

Question 11

Reincarnation

Answer 11

belief that the soul or spirit, after biological death, begins a new life in a new body that may be human, animal or spiritual depending on the moral quality of the previous life’s actions.

Question 12

Sand Mandala

Answer 12

shows impermanence, nothing lasts forever, change is inevitable

Question 13

Dalai Lama

Answer 13

-Buddhism introduced 641 CE
-China took over Tibet (1959)
-Believed by Tibetan
-Buddhists to be manifestations
-Dalai lamas are headmonks and manifestations
-14 in history of Buddhism
-Reincarnation of the previous (currently Tenzin Gyatso)

Question 14

Jataka Tales

Answer 14

The basis of Aesop’s fables. They illustrate the Buddha-to-be’s development of good qualities such as his patience, generosity, compassion

Question 15

Life of Siddhartha Guatama

Answer 15

-Buddha’s first sermon, after his enlightenment, centered on the Four Noble Truths (the foundation of Buddhism)
-“The Buddha” “The Awakened”

Question 16

Three Marks of Existence

Answer 16

1.Anicca - Impermanence (change)
2. Dukkha - Suffering
Anatta - Not Self (our bodies are impermanent, rise to stress)

Question 17

Wheel of Dharma

Answer 17

-(Dharmacakra)
-Represent the Noble Eightfold path
- Meant to be turned (Buddhist teachngs put into)
- Live their lifes to their beliefs
- “Wheel Turner” names of Buddha
- Samsara: Endless cycle of suffering
- The hub (centre, meditation) represents the 3 Jewell
- Ships steering wheel
- Symbol of life, universe

Question 18

Life of Sudhartha Guatama