Highlighted content chapter 13

Question 1

Name 3 potential causes of diplopia

Answer 1

1) Thyroid disease
2) Myasthenia gravis (NMJ disorder)
3) CN 3, 4, or 6 disorders or their brainstem nuclei

Question 2

Name 2 symptoms of CN III Palsy

Answer 2

1) Eye may be in “down and out” position at rest.
2) Pupil is dilated and unresponsive to light
(could have also said that eye will only move in abduction, depression and intorsion)

Question 3

Trochlear nerve palsy would cause what?

Answer 3

Vertical diplopia

Question 4

What is the most commonly affected CN in head trauma?

Answer 4

Trochlear (CN4)

Question 5

Why is CN VI Abducens Nerve Palsy very medically significant?

Answer 5

Can be an early warning sign of elevated ICP

Question 6

A lesion in what nerve would cause “blown pupils”?

Answer 6

CN3

Question 7

Name and define the 3 symptoms of Horner’s syndrome

Answer 7

1) Ptosis: drooping upper eyelid
2) Miosis: decreased pupillary size
3) Anhidrosis: decreased sweating in the face and neck of the ipsilateral side

Question 8

1) Are pontine pupils non-reactive to light, or reactive?
2) What structure is affected to cause this?

Answer 8

1) Reactive
2) Pons (large lesion)

Question 9

Pharmacological Miosis is what?

Answer 9

Bilateral pinpoint pupils (caused by Rx or illegal drugs)

Question 10

Name 3 functions of the superior colliculi

Answer 10

1) Visual attention
2) Perception
3) Discrimination

Question 11

Olfactory nerves send signals back to what part of the brain that associates smell to memories and emotions?

Answer 11

Amygdala

Question 12

In what directions do the trochlear nerve make the eye rotate?

Answer 12

Down and medial

Question 13

In what direction does the abducens nerve make the eye rotate?

Answer 13

Abduction (aka moving laterally)

Question 14

What cranial nerve supplies sensory to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue?

Answer 14

CN 5

Question 15

A 40 year old male patient presents with recurrent episodes of brief, left sided jaw and cheekbone pain that last seconds to minutes. The episodes usually are set off by them shaving their face for work in the morning.
1) What would be your most likely diagnosis?
2) Where would you expect there to be a lesion?

Answer 15

1) Tic Douloureux
2) Left branch of V2/V3 trigeminal nerve (ispilateral)

Question 16

What nerve supplies motor to the mandible and the anterior portion of the external ear?

Answer 16

CN 5

Question 17

Ototoxic drugs, meningitis, and exposure to loud sound are most likely to cause what kind of hearing loss?

Answer 17

Sensorineural

Question 18

List 4 symptoms of acoustic neuroma

Answer 18

1) Unsteadiness
2) Facial pain
3) Tinnitus
4) Unilateral hearing loss

Question 19

_____ innervates the posterior ⅓ of the tongue while _______ innervates the anterior ⅔ of the tongue for sensory receptors

Answer 19

CN 9, CN 5 (CN 7 does anterior taste)

Question 20

True or false: All laryngeal muscles and the cricothyroid are ONLY controlled by the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What two muscles are innervated by CN 11 ?

Answer 21

Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Question 22

A lesion of CN 11 would cause ipsilateral shoulder shrug weakness and weakness of the head turning ______ the lesion

Answer 22

Away

Question 23

Unilateral vocal cord paralysis and hoarseness after surgery to the neck indicates what?

Answer 23

Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve