Higher Developmental Skills

Question 1

What are 6 steps of stairs???

Answer 1

1) 18 months: walks up stairs with railing
2) 21 months: walks down stairs with railing

3) 21-24 months: walks up stairs non alternating without railing
4) 24-27 months: walks down stairs non alternating without railing

5) 30 months: walks up stairs alternating feet
6) 36 months: walks down stairs alternating feet

Question 2

Running: Requires ____ ____ phase

Answer 2

Non support

Question 3

Running: What are the 3 milestones of running?

Answer 3

1) 18 months: fast walk
2) 2-3 years: true flight
3) 5 years: mature run

Question 4

Running: During the first milestone of (fast walk), what are the positions of the baby?

Answer 4

NO FLIGHT
Wide BOS
Arms rigid/move laterally-horizontal

Question 5

Running: At 5 years (mature run); what is going on kinematically?
Arms \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_
Elbows at \_\_\_\_ deg
Swing \_\_\_\_\_\_
Slight \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_ propels body upwards
Support \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_ and under \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Slight knee \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 5

Oppose legs

90 deg

Vertically

Trunk lean

Extension

Foot flat, and under COG

Flexion

Question 6

In order to jump, you need sufficient ____ _____ and ____ _____

Answer 6

Leg support and postural control

Question 7

What are the 3 milestones of jumping?

Answer 7

2 years: leap (take off on one foot, land on other foot

5 years: mature VERTICAL jump

6 years: mature standing BROAD jump

Question 8

Vertical jump: Describe an immature vertical jump

Answer 8

No crouch

Arms held in guarding position

Quick flexion of hips and knees (lift off)

Neck flexion

Question 9

Vertical jump: Describe a mature vertical jump

Answer 9

Preparatory crouch

Arms swing forward and upward

Propulsion by extending legs

Head and trunk extend during flight

Legs flex on landing to absorb shock

Question 10

Standing broad jump: What is immature?

Answer 10

Arm, leg, and trunk action LIMITED

Arms in GUARDING position

Takeoff less than 30 degrees

Extension of legs incomplete at takeoff

One leg precedes the other

Question 11

Standing broad jump: What is mature?

Answer 11

Deep preparatory crouch

Increased forward lean (take off 45 deg)

Arms move backwards and forcefully forwards

Increased hip flexion during flight

Decreased flexion on landing

Question 12

Hopping: What is immature?

Answer 12

Minimal forward flexion

Minimal elevation

Arms in high guard/move out to sides for balance

Lands FLAT FOOTED

Swing legs pulls up into flexion (initially leg is inactive)

Question 13

Hopping: What is mature?
Leg swing ______ years
Arm swing up to ___ years

Answer 13

4-5

10

Question 14

Hopping: What is mature?

Answer 14

Weight moves forward to ball of foot

Extension at knee and ankle for take off

Arm swing forward and upward in sync with swing leg

Question 15

Skipping: What occurs in galloping?

And at what months does it occur?

Answer 15

Slight forward lean

Thrust of lead leg

Rear foot closes in to accept weight

20 months after independent walk

Question 16

Skipping: “step hop” requires _____ movement and ______

What years does this occur at

Answer 16

Sequential

Control

6–7 years (early as 5 years)

Question 17

Skipping: What is immature?

Answer 17

Arrhythmical and stiff
Ineffective arms
Short stride
Flat footed landing

Question 18

Skipping: What is mature?

Answer 18

Well coordinated, and smooth

Continuous cycle of weight transfer

Arms oppose legs

Question 19

Throwing: (overhand):

What are the 5 milestones?

Answer 19

6 months: crude throw in sitting

2-3 years: arm dominant, sideways throw, faces direction of throw, feet stationary

3.5-5 years: trunk rotation, arm above shoulder, arm and elbow extension, rotation of pelvis

5-6 years: I/L forward step, arm follow thru

6.5 years and older mature throw C/L, forward leg, trunk rotation, HorAdd of arm

Question 20

Dribbling: What is the progress of dribbling? (5 steps)

Answer 20

1. Bounce and catch (around 2 years)
2. Bounce and slap
3. Dribble with BALL in control
4. Dribble with INDIVIDUAL in control
5. Dribble in sports

Question 21

Dribbling: when is it considered mature?

Answer 21

Consistent hand position at contact

Question 22

Dribbling: What should be going on at 5-6 years?

Answer 22

Able to dribble in stationary position

Question 23

Catching (coincidental timing):

What are the three milestones?

Answer 23

2-3 years: trapping
6-7 years: two handed catch (larger ball earlier than small)
10-12: one handed catch in complex conditions

Question 24

Catching (coincidental timing): What is immature?

Answer 24

Arms stiff and positioned regardless of the ball

No body adjustments

Question 25

Catching (coincidental timing): What is mature?

Answer 25

Body and hands align and move to object

Feet in stride or slightly apart

Question 26

Kicking: What are the two milestones?

Answer 26

2 years: kicks stationary ball

5-6 years: mature pattern, able to drop kick

Question 27

Kicking: What is immature?

Answer 27

Limited back swing and follow through

Arms to side for balance

Question 28

Kicking: What is mature?

Answer 28

Increased range and forward lean
Opposition of arm and foot
Follow through forward and toward MIDLINE