Higher Developmental Skills Flashcards
What are 6 steps of stairs???
1) 18 months: walks up stairs with railing
2) 21 months: walks down stairs with railing
3) 21-24 months: walks up stairs non alternating without railing
4) 24-27 months: walks down stairs non alternating without railing
5) 30 months: walks up stairs alternating feet
6) 36 months: walks down stairs alternating feet
Running: Requires ____ ____ phase
Non support
Running: What are the 3 milestones of running?
1) 18 months: fast walk
2) 2-3 years: true flight
3) 5 years: mature run
Running: During the first milestone of (fast walk), what are the positions of the baby?
NO FLIGHT
Wide BOS
Arms rigid/move laterally-horizontal
Running: At 5 years (mature run); what is going on kinematically? Arms \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ Elbows at \_\_\_\_ deg Swing \_\_\_\_\_\_ Slight \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ propels body upwards Support \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_ and under \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Slight knee \_\_\_\_\_
Oppose legs
90 deg
Vertically
Trunk lean
Extension
Foot flat, and under COG
Flexion
In order to jump, you need sufficient ____ _____ and ____ _____
Leg support and postural control
What are the 3 milestones of jumping?
2 years: leap (take off on one foot, land on other foot
5 years: mature VERTICAL jump
6 years: mature standing BROAD jump
Vertical jump: Describe an immature vertical jump
No crouch
Arms held in guarding position
Quick flexion of hips and knees (lift off)
Neck flexion
Vertical jump: Describe a mature vertical jump
Preparatory crouch
Arms swing forward and upward
Propulsion by extending legs
Head and trunk extend during flight
Legs flex on landing to absorb shock
Standing broad jump: What is immature?
Arm, leg, and trunk action LIMITED
Arms in GUARDING position
Takeoff less than 30 degrees
Extension of legs incomplete at takeoff
One leg precedes the other
Standing broad jump: What is mature?
Deep preparatory crouch
Increased forward lean (take off 45 deg)
Arms move backwards and forcefully forwards
Increased hip flexion during flight
Decreased flexion on landing
Hopping: What is immature?
Minimal forward flexion
Minimal elevation
Arms in high guard/move out to sides for balance
Lands FLAT FOOTED
Swing legs pulls up into flexion (initially leg is inactive)
Hopping: What is mature?
Leg swing ______ years
Arm swing up to ___ years
4-5
10
Hopping: What is mature?
Weight moves forward to ball of foot
Extension at knee and ankle for take off
Arm swing forward and upward in sync with swing leg
Skipping: What occurs in galloping?
And at what months does it occur?
Slight forward lean
Thrust of lead leg
Rear foot closes in to accept weight
20 months after independent walk
Skipping: “step hop” requires _____ movement and ______
What years does this occur at
Sequential
Control
6–7 years (early as 5 years)
Skipping: What is immature?
Arrhythmical and stiff
Ineffective arms
Short stride
Flat footed landing
Skipping: What is mature?
Well coordinated, and smooth
Continuous cycle of weight transfer
Arms oppose legs
Throwing: (overhand):
What are the 5 milestones?
6 months: crude throw in sitting
2-3 years: arm dominant, sideways throw, faces direction of throw, feet stationary
3.5-5 years: trunk rotation, arm above shoulder, arm and elbow extension, rotation of pelvis
5-6 years: I/L forward step, arm follow thru
6.5 years and older mature throw C/L, forward leg, trunk rotation, HorAdd of arm
Dribbling: What is the progress of dribbling? (5 steps)
- Bounce and catch (around 2 years)
- Bounce and slap
- Dribble with BALL in control
- Dribble with INDIVIDUAL in control
- Dribble in sports
Dribbling: when is it considered mature?
Consistent hand position at contact
Dribbling: What should be going on at 5-6 years?
Able to dribble in stationary position
Catching (coincidental timing):
What are the three milestones?
2-3 years: trapping
6-7 years: two handed catch (larger ball earlier than small)
10-12: one handed catch in complex conditions
Catching (coincidental timing): What is immature?
Arms stiff and positioned regardless of the ball
No body adjustments
Catching (coincidental timing): What is mature?
Body and hands align and move to object
Feet in stride or slightly apart
Kicking: What are the two milestones?
2 years: kicks stationary ball
5-6 years: mature pattern, able to drop kick
Kicking: What is immature?
Limited back swing and follow through
Arms to side for balance
Kicking: What is mature?
Increased range and forward lean
Opposition of arm and foot
Follow through forward and toward MIDLINE
