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PBL Pharm Block 3 > High-Yield One-Liners > Flashcards

High-Yield One-Liners Flashcards

1
Q

Selective B1 Receptor blockers that may be useful in treating cardiac conditions in patients with asthma

A

Acebutolol, atenolol, esmolol, metoprolol

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2
Q

These agents decrease blood flow or increase blood pressure, are local decongestant, and used in therapy of spinal shock (temporary maintenance of blood pressure which may help maintain perfusion)

A

Alpha1 agonists

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3
Q

Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

A

Atropine and other anti-muscarinic agents

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4
Q

Treat manifestations of Parkinson’s disease and EPS

A

Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl

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5
Q

This agent has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors and used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention

A

Bethanechol

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6
Q

MOA action of cromolyn

A

Blocks opening of Cl channels to prevent mast cell degranulation

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7
Q

Toxicity of cholinergics

A

DUMBELSS (diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchoconstriction, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, lacrimation, salivation, and sweating)

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8
Q

Alpha 1 agonist toxicity

A

Hypertension

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9
Q

Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD

A

Ipratropium, tiotropium

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10
Q

Muscarinic antagonist used in COPD

A

Ipratropium, tiotropium

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11
Q

Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension, BPH, may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension

A

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

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12
Q

Treatment of motion sickness

A

Scopolamine

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13
Q

This beta blocker lacks local anesthetic activity (decreases protective reflexes and increases the risk of corneal ulceration) and used in treating glaucoma

A

Timolol

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14
Q

These Beta blockers decrease aqueous secretion

A

Timolol (nonselective), betaxolol (selective)

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15
Q

Pneumonic for beta receptors

A

You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)

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16
Q

SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy

A

Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly, respectively

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17
Q

Acetaminophen only has what activity?

A

Antipyretic and analgesic activity

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18
Q

Some side effects of corticosteroids

A

Hyperglycemia, Osteopenia, impaired wound healing, inc. risk of infection, inc. appetite, HTN, edema, PUD, euphoria, psychosis

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19
Q

Agent used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

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20
Q

Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity

A

N-acetylcysteine

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21
Q

Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis

A

PGE1 (Alprostadil)

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22
Q

Prostaglandin used as 2nd line treatment of erectile dysfunction

A

PGE1 (Alprostadil)

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23
Q

Inhibitor of lipoxygenase

A

Zileuton

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24
Q

Captopril and enalapril (-OPRIL ending) are

A

ACE inhibitors

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25
Q

Diuretic used as prophylactic for mountain sickness and glaucoma

A

Acetazolamide

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26
Q

Losartan and valsartan block

A

AT1 receptors

27
Q

Cardioselective Beta 1-blockers

A

Atenolol, acebutolol, and metoprolol

28
Q

Reduce heart rate, contractility, and O2 demand

A

Beta-blockers

29
Q

SE of beta blockers

A

Bradycardia, SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, decrease in HDL, and increase in Triglycerols (TG)

30
Q

An electrolyte that is lost in the urine by acute treatment with loop diuretics but can be retained by thiazides

A

Calcium

31
Q

SE of CCB

A

Constipation, edema, and headache

32
Q

Side effect associated with ACEI but not ARBs

A

Dry cough

33
Q

SE of ACE inhibitors

A

Dry cough, hyperkalemia

34
Q

Site of action of thiazide diuretics

A

Early distal convoluted tubule

35
Q

Methyldopa is contraindicated in

A

Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects

36
Q

Side effect of spironolactone

A

Gynecomastia hyperkalemia, and impotence

37
Q

Side effects of loop (furosemide) diuretics

A

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and ototoxicity

38
Q

Side effects of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics

A

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia

39
Q

Mechanism of action of amiloride

A

Inhibit epithelial sodium channels in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct

40
Q

MOA of sildenafil (Viagra)

A

Inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, enhancing effects of nitric oxide-activated increases in cGMP

41
Q

SE of hydralazine

A

Lupus-like syndrome

42
Q

Diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure

A

Mannitol

43
Q

SE of alpha blockers

A

Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia

44
Q

Side effects of acetazolamide

A

Paresthesias, alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts), hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment

45
Q

Alpha 1selective blockers

A

Prazosin, terazosin and doxazosin (-AZOSIN ending)

46
Q

ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in

A

pregnancy and with hyperkalemia

47
Q

MOA of nitrates

A

Relax vascular smooth muscle, at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles

48
Q

Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism

A

Spironolactone, eplerenone

49
Q

A1a-selective blocker used for BPH

A

Tamsulosin (Flomax)

50
Q

Site of action of loop diuretics

A

Thick ascending limb

51
Q

Product of proinsulin cleavage used to assess insulin production

A

C-peptide

52
Q

Amino acid derivative for treatment of Type II diabetes

A

Nateglinide

53
Q

Long acting insulin

A

NPH insulin

54
Q

Drugs of choice for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide and valproic acid

55
Q

Anti-seizure drugs used also for pain of neuropathic orgin

A

Gabapentin

56
Q

SE of phenytoin

A

Gingival hyperplasia, nystagmus, diplopia and ataxia

57
Q

DOC for management of acute Ventricular arrhythmias

A

Lidocaine

58
Q

SE of procainamide

A

Lupus-like syndrome

59
Q

Limiting side effect of Quinidine

A

Prolongs QT interval

60
Q

MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide), class IB (eg. Lidocaine), and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics

A

Sodium channel blockers

61
Q

Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to

A

Torsades de pointes

62
Q

Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures

A

Valproic acid

63
Q

Drugs of choice for generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures

A

Valproic acid, Phenytoin and Carbamazepine

PBL Pharm Block 3 (14 decks)

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