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LT Promotional Test 2023 > High-Rise Building Fires > Flashcards

High-Rise Building Fires Flashcards

1
Q

Open unprotected stairs in a multistory building that connect two or more floors for the same occupant space

A

Access stairs

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2
Q

A building with either ___ or more stories or a building where the highest occupied story is located more than ____ feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access

A

6 ; 75

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3
Q

Stairs that do not serve all building floors

A

Isolated stairs

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4
Q

Refers to the void between the ceiling (usually a drop ceiling) and the underside of the floor above

A

Plenum

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5
Q

Fire control rooms are required in buildings with occupied floors located more than ___ feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access

A

75

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6
Q

Modern high-rise buildings involve two basic designs

A

Residential & Commercial

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7
Q

These buildings are characterized by center hallways, numberous interior compartments and 24-hr occupancy

A

Residential high-rise buildings

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8
Q

These buildings are characterized by center-core construction with circuit corridors around the building’s core and likely large, open expanses on each floor

A

Commercial high-risebuildings

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9
Q

Typical requirements for buildings with atrium’s include

A
  • Full sprinkler protection
  • smoke exhaust systems
  • smoke curtains
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10
Q

Two basic types of high-rise buildings in NOVA region are

A

Those constructed before 1976 & those constructed after 1976

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11
Q

Fire walls will typically have a minimum fire-resistance rating of

A

2 hours

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12
Q

To reduce its density low-mass concrete also referred to as “formed concrete” can consist of up to

A

20% air

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13
Q

Traditional concrete has a density range of

A

150 pounds per cubic foot (PCF)

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14
Q

Lightweight concrete ranges in density from

A

60-100 pounds per cubic foot

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15
Q

Super lightweight concrete carries a density of less than

A

60 pounds per cubic foot

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16
Q

Low-mass concrete provides a compression strength of

A

60,000 psi

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17
Q

Traditional concrete provides a compression strength of

A

20,000 psi

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18
Q

Under fire conditions lightweight concrete failure occurs at ____% of the designed load after ____ minutes of fire exposure

A

80% ; 45

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19
Q

Thermal cracks in light-weight concrete appear within ____ - _____ minutes of fire exposure

A

14 ; 16

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20
Q

Buildings with fixed windows should have designated breakable windows for emergencies and are marked with a

A

Maltese cross or fire helmet etched in the lower corner of the pane

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21
Q

At a minimum any doorway a hoseline passes through should either be controlled by a

A

Firefighter or chocked open

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22
Q

Usually have individual entrances and access only one section of the building

A

Isolated stairs

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23
Q

May be found in center-core construction and are independent stairwells

A

Scissor stairs

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24
Q

Open, unprotected stairways leading from floor to floor within a single occupant’s space

A

Access stairs

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25
Q

Newer high-rises may have a security gate installed in the stairway at

A

the lowest level terminating at an exterior entrance

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26
Q

High-rise buildings constructed after _____ contain automatic sprinkler systems unless the builder chose to compartmentation option

A

1976

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27
Q

Most standpipes found in high-rise interior applications are

A

Wet systems

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28
Q

FDC’s can be found either

A

mounted directly on the building or away from the building in the surrounding yard

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29
Q

When a FDC is away from the building in the surrounding yard it is called a

A

Free-standing FDC

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30
Q

Hydrants installed after ____ should be located within _____ feet of the standpipe and sprinkler FDC’s

A

1976 ; 100

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31
Q

Sprinkler control valves for each floor may be found at

A

Stairwell landings

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32
Q

Are designed to reduce, regulate, control or restrict water pressure

A

Pressure-regulating devices

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33
Q

Pressure-reducing valves will limit pressure to a maximum of

A

175 PSI

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34
Q

Central air conditioning within a high-rise may interconnect ____ - ____ or more floors

A

10-20

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35
Q

The elevator car doors open automatically when the car arrives at the specified floor

A

Independent service

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36
Q

The elevator car doors will not open until the “door open” button has been activated

A

Firefighter service

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37
Q

What elevators should not be used in emergency operations

A

Freight elevators

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38
Q

Fire control rooms are usually located

A

Near or at the main lobby entrance

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39
Q

The typical smoke movement found in residential and commercial high-rise structures when the smoke is uninfluenced by external environmental conditions

A

Mushrooming

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40
Q

The natural movement of air within a tightly sealed high-rise building which results from the temperature difference between the air inside and outside the structure

A

Stack effect

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41
Q

The stack effect occurs more noticeably when

A

In winter

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42
Q

The most effective method for controlling and preventing flashover involves personnel

A

Cooling the overhead area with hose streams

43
Q

Most wind-driven fires occur in the upper stories of high-rises but have also been documented in levels as low as the

A

third floor

44
Q

Wind-driven fires occur with exterior winds as low as

A

10 - 20 mph

45
Q

Until directed by command in wind-driven fire conditions what should not be performed

A

Horizontal ventilation

46
Q

Contents of these buildings have a rate of heat release that can allow a fire to double in size every

A

90 seconds

47
Q

Firefighters who encounter an outward-opening metal door should suspect one of these rooms

A

Electrical vault

48
Q

Buildings under construction must have a riser ____ floors below the top-most finished floor

A

2

49
Q

The operational plan for high-rise fires consist of five basic actions

A
  1. Determine fire floor
  2. Verify fire floor
  3. Control occupants
  4. Control building systems
  5. Confine and extinguish the fire
50
Q

Building systems must be brought under fire department control. At a minimum this must include

A
  • Control of the elevators
  • Fire pump
  • Any air handling systems
51
Q

Fire load in general office space is about

A

7.7 pounds per square foot

52
Q

The first command officer to arrive on-scene should

A

establish command

53
Q

To establish and build an effective and efficient command structure the IC should

A

assign tactical command positions early in an incident

54
Q

The second arriving command officer will typically be assigned as the

A

fire floor division supervisor

55
Q

While most hoseline operations involve the use of standpipes fire located where personnel may choose to stretch preconnected lines from the engine

A

fires below grade
first floor
second floor
third floor

56
Q

Prior to advancing hoselines into areas with suspended ceiling assemblies, firefighter’s should always check for fire

A

in the plenum

57
Q

Residential occupancies require a fire flow of ___ gpm per _____ square feet of involved area

A

10 ; 100

58
Q

Use of the 1.75” hose standpipe pack is preferred as it provides _____ - _____ gpm

A

185-210

59
Q

Commercial occupancies require a fire flow of ____ gpm per _____ square feet of involved area

A

20 ; 100

60
Q

The minimum initial alarm assignment for a high-rise fire consists of

A

5 engines
2 trucks
1 rescue squad
1 EMS unit
2 BC’s
1 EMS supervisor

61
Q

When determining floor numbers it may be quicker to identify the fire floor relative to

A

the roof

62
Q

Lobby report from the 1st engine to first due command officer should include

A

fire alarm status
reported fire location
evacuation status
route of travel to fire floor

63
Q

Units should utilize stairwells to access below-grade fires and above-grade fires up through the _____ floor

A

6th

64
Q

If the fire floor is the 7th floor or higher and the elevator is safe to use crews can take the elevator to ____ floors below the reported fire floor

A

2

65
Q

Water supply will be established by the driver of the

A

2nd due engine

66
Q

The FDC should be charged when a company reports

A

fire or visible smoke

67
Q

I-RIT will be established ____ floors below the fire floor

A

one

68
Q

In residential occupancies search priority is as follows

A

the fire unit
exit hallways
units next to the fire unit
all other units on the fire floor

69
Q

In non-residential occupancies search priority is as follows

A
  • immediate fire area and floor
  • the floor above the fire
  • the top floor including the involved hallways, stairwells, and elevators
  • the floors between the floor above the fire and the top floor
70
Q

Every alarm after the first will bring at least

A

3 engines
1 truck
1 BC

71
Q

What unit should establish the base area

A

6th due engine which is typically the first engine on the 2nd alarm

72
Q

The driver of the 6th due engine should become

A

the base manager

73
Q

Staging should be how many floors below the fire floor

A

2 floors

74
Q

Each engine company on the second alarm and greater should bring _____ spare air cylinders per unit to the staging area

A

2

75
Q

Lobby control takes responsibility of

A
  • Accountability
  • Building systems control
  • Elevator control
  • Stairwell identification for attack and evacuation
  • Civilian evacuation coordination
76
Q

Refers to the area used for assembling resources close to operations on the fire floor, ideally 2 floors below the confirmed fire floor in a high-rise

A

Staging

77
Q

To ensure a clean air environment the staging officer should ensure what is present

A

A functioning air monitor or meter capable of detecting carbon monoxide is present

78
Q

Refers to the area where incoming fire apparatus and other vehicles park

A

Base

79
Q

The 3 basic tactics for ventilating a high-rise include

A
  1. horizontally through the windows
  2. vertically through stairwells
  3. through the building’s HVAC system
80
Q

The preferred way to horizontally ventilate is to use the pressurized attack stairwell to pressurize the fire floor hallway and fire apartment to

A

force smoke out the fire apartment window

81
Q

The least desirable option for vertical ventilation is using

A

elevator shafts

82
Q

Command should establish a search and evacuation branch or group if more than _____ floors above the fire still contain building occupants

A

2

83
Q

Represents one of firefighting’s highest priorities during the early stages of a high-rise building event

A

Stairwell support

84
Q

Personnel should anticipate no more than ___ to ___ minutes per air cylinder during firefighting operations

A

15 ; 20

85
Q

Manages all civilian patients

A

EMS Branch

86
Q

Cares for and treats fire department personnel

A

Medical unit

87
Q

The medical unit including rehab should be set up _____ floor ______ staging to ensure they can properly evaluate personnel

A

1 ; below

88
Q

The safety officer reports

A

directly to command

89
Q

Who normally serves as the initial planning section officer

A

Battalion aide or an EMS supervisor

90
Q

Who most primarily ensure the availability of adequate personnel and equipment

A

Logistics officer

91
Q

A midrise building is ___ to ____ stories high and measures less than ______ feet from the lowest level of fire department vehicle access to the highest occupiable floor

A

3 ; 6 ; 75

92
Q

Three factors drive a building’s construction characteristics

A
  1. The time period when the structure was built
  2. The building code in place at the time
  3. The original occupancy intent
93
Q

Podium construction is also known as

A

pedestal or platform construction

94
Q

Traditional commercial midrise buildings are also referred to as

A

low-rise buildings

95
Q

Three types of midrise balconies commonly exist

A
  • cantilevered
  • recessed
  • hinged
96
Q

Balconies that project out over the load-bearing wall

A

Cantilevered

97
Q

Balconies that are supported on three sides by bearing walls

A

Recessed balconies

98
Q

Balconies that are supported on two sides by bearing walls and corner columns extending from the ground to the roof

A

Hinged

99
Q

NFPA 13R residential sprinkler systems are designed to

A

contain a fire but might not extinguish it

100
Q

NFPA 13R sprinkler systems are constructed using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic pipes that are usually what color

A

Orange

101
Q

Localized preaction systems are often found in

A

Commercial midrise buildings housing information technology (IT) and data server equipment

102
Q

Raised floor systems are sometimes are referred to as

A

a computer access flooring system

103
Q

Personnel should refer to those outlined in the NOVA Garden-style Apartment Fires manual when considering operational tactics for fires in midrise buildings

A

Without standpipe systems

104
Q

The first-arriving unit officer should provide the following information in the on-scene report

A
  • unit identification and side of the structure where the apparatus is positioned
  • building height
  • occupancy type
  • detailed report of evident conditions

LT Promotional Test 2023 (29 decks)

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