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HHD 3 & 4 > hhd sac2 > Flashcards

hhd sac2 Flashcards

1
Q

4 factors that contribute to health status

A

smoking
alcohol
high BMI
dietary risks

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2
Q

smoking

A

contribute to negative impacts on health status and BOD whlst not smoking can contribute to health improvements

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3
Q

smoking risk factors

A

low birth weight
-smoking whilst pregnant increases the risk of low birth weight
respiratory conditions
-increased risk of asthma bc it narrows airways

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4
Q

alcohol risk factors

A

contains kilojoules and increases the risk of being overweight which can increase risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes

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5
Q

alcohol risk factor 2

A

filters through the liver which can cause liver scarring which can increase risk of liver damage

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6
Q

high body mass index (high bmi)

A

body mass relates to the amount of body weight an individual is carrying

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7
Q

high BMI risk factors

A

cardiovascular disease
-strain on heart and hypertension

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8
Q

dietary risks

A

under consumption of fruit vegtables and dairy
high intake of fat, salt and sugar
low intake of fibre and iron

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9
Q

underconsumption of vegetables

A

vegetables are nutrient dense. without consuming the right amount of vegetables increases the risk of being obese and overweight and decreases our intake of fiber which promotes adequate functioning of the body

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10
Q

underconsumption of fruit

A

provides minerals, vitamins and fiber
people who don’t costume the right amount experience a less time of feeling full and are more likely to consume energy-dense foods with increase their risk of being overweight and obese

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11
Q

under consumption of dairy

A

without the right consumption of dairy, it increases the risk of morbidity and mortality and reduces strength in the bones because their is less intake of calcium which is the main nutrient

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12
Q

high intake of fat

A

overconsumption of fats can contribute to weight gain and high bmi

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13
Q

high intake of salt

A

salt (sodium) is required for efficient functioning of the body, fat is overconsumed

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14
Q

high intake of sugar

A

sugars are required as fuel for energy but eating excessive amounts they are stored as fat
sugars also provide dental decay and mental caries

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15
Q

low intake of fiber

A

fibre promotes the feeling of fullness reducing overeating
soluble fiber absorbs water

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16
Q

low intake of iron

A

an essential part of the blood
iron is an important part of hemoglobin which carries oxygen around the body
without iron, it can lead to anemia

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17
Q

3 factors
we use these factors to explain why health status is different between population groups

A

biological, sociocultural and environmental

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18
Q

biological

A

body weight
blood pressure
glucose regulation

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19
Q

sociocultural

A

SES
food security
social isolation

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20
Q

environmental

A

housing
work environment
urban design and infrastructure
climate and climate change

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21
Q

4 pop groups

A

males vs females
indigenous. vs non indigenous
low vs high SES
living inside vs living outside major cities

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22
Q

biological factors
body weight

A

refers to a person’s mass and high body mass index
obesity increases the chances of impaired glucose regulation which can contribute to type 2 diabetes

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23
Q

blood cholesterol

A

too much LDL in cholesterol is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease
having high blood cholesterol can contribute to excessive alcohol intake which can cause liver damage which can increase YLL in Australia

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24
Q

glucose regulation impacted

A

high intakes of fat
smoking
overweight

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25
Q

glucose regulation
people with low SES are more likely to be insulin resitant because of the overconsumption of sugar

A

when glucose levels are consistently high overeating and high sugar intake cells no longer respond insulin resistant

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26
Q

glucose regulation risk factors

A

overweight
type 2 diabetes

27
Q

biological factors birth weight

A

low birth weight is a factor relating to poorer health outcomes
risk factor
diabetes hypertension

28
Q

number of factors leading to birth weight

A

ages of mother
mothers nutritional status
smoking whilst pregnant

29
Q

genetics: sex

A

simply being born male or female can increase your risk of certain conditions compared to the other gender
men have a higher incidence of testicular cancer

30
Q

genetics: hormones

A

oestrogen females lead to decreased risk of CVD when compared to males as it contributes to fat deposition on hips and thighs

31
Q

genetics:predipositon to diease

A

having a genetic predisposition doesn’t necessarily mean one will develop

32
Q

genetics:predisposition to disease risk factors

A

cancers
cvd
hypertension

33
Q

sociocultural factors

A

sociocultural factors relate to social ad cultural conditions into which people are born, grow, live, work and age

34
Q

SES

A

SES can have a direct influence on health status as high SES reflects a number of things
greater health literacy
increased access to resourced
food security

35
Q

sociocultural factors unemployment

A

unemployment and health stauts can be linked in 2 ways
ill health-unemployments
unemployment ill health
risk factors
suicide
lung cancer
cvd

36
Q

sociocultural factors-social isolation

A

individuals for various reasons choose not to be involved or find it hard to be involved
influences can include:
language barriers
geographical barriers

37
Q

sociocultural factors-social exclusion

A

an exclusion that occurs for reasons beyond the control of the individual (discrimination). Involves being blocked or denied access to social aspects of the community

38
Q

sociocultral factors-soical isolation and social exclusion

A

social isolation and social exclusion to higher risks for a variety of physical and mental conditions with exclusion to even worse health outcomes then isolation
high blood pressure
heart disease
obesity

39
Q

sociocultral factors-social connections

A

social connections relate to the bonds betwen an individual and others

40
Q

cultural influneces-sociocultral factors

A

these cultural influences can lead to differences in hs between the pop groups
example: gender roles within certain cultures may see women’s roles as in the home leading to conditions such as social isolation

41
Q

sociocutral factor-access to healthcare

A

things that limit it
pop groups
males
indigenous
low SES

42
Q

sociocultral factors- foos secruity

A

availability and access to foods
food insecurity leads to poorer health status as it reduces access to nutrients which can lead to low intake of iron and nutrients which can lead to anemia

43
Q

sociocultral factors-early life experiences

A

what happens to us in the womb
the environment in which we are raised in
being raised in low SES can reduce out access which can lead to bigger risk of getting disease such as CVS and type 2 diabetes which can lead to yll

44
Q

environmental factors

A

relate to the physical features that surround us in which we live, work and play (natural features or man made)

45
Q

low ses

A
  • body weight high, ikp
46
Q

rod safety affecting the population

A

males are almost three times more likely to die on the road than females

47
Q

effectiveness on health promotion in promoting healthy population road safety

A

speed cameras
red light cameras introduced
Child Restraints Required in Australia

48
Q

Promoting Road Safety in Australian Strategies

A

government laws and policies
tac campaigns
P.A.RT.Y program

49
Q

government laws and policies

A

this is a part of the reflect healthy policies

introducing seatbelts and random breath testing contributes a major part in bringing down the mortality rates

50
Q

an initiative of improving aboriginal hwb- deadly choices initiative

A
  • encourage and empower people to make healthy choices for themselves and their families

-to achieve this they develop personal skills by providing a range of education programs including cooking programs

-they strengthen community action by empowering Aboriginal and Torres strait islander communities to provide health services managed by fellow community members

51
Q

initiative on improving aboriginal hwb- learn earn legend

A
  • The program encourages people to stay in school to develop personal skills like numeracy and literacy so they can get a job and provide for themselves
  • Young people are paired with people that they aspire to be and the mentors provide guidance on the importance of education and training
  • strengthening community action because it is delivered by community leaders, sports stars, and community members
52
Q

the Australian guidelines

A
  • intended to be used by health professionals and educators
    -aimed at all people in the general healthy population
    -have been developed to
    -develop healthy dietary patterns that will promote hwb in the community
    -reduce the risk of getting chronic disease
53
Q

Australian guidelines

A

guideline 1- to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy levels

-guideline 2-enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the following five groups every day and drink plenty of water

  • guideline 3- limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
  • guideline 4- encourage, support and promote breastfeeding

guideline 5- care for your food; prepare and store it safely

54
Q

guideline 1

A
  • relates to energy balance and encourages individuals to consume only the amount of energy they require for their specific energy needs
    -children in adolescence should eat sufficient nutritious foods to grow develop normally
55
Q

guideline 2

A

-plenty of vegetable intake
- fruit
-grain foods
-lean meats
dairy products

56
Q

guideline 3-

A
  • focuses on limiting the intake of foods that are either energy-dense or increase the risk of conditions such as cardiovascular disease
57
Q

guideline 4

A
  • promotes breastfeeding in infants
  • those who breastfeed for the first 6 months decreased risk of getting asthma and infections
58
Q

guidelines 5

A
  • relates to caring for food and preparing and storing it safely
  • The aim of this guideline if to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases in the community
59
Q

nutrition Australia

A

nutrition Australia acts to promote healthy eating by providing the latest information on nutrition research and the current food and hwb trends

60
Q

the work of Nutrition Australia

A

National nutrition week
The Healthy Eating Advisory services

61
Q

National nutrition week

A

coordinates the events and produces resources for the annual National Nutritional Week

  • info such as recipes and resources can be found on their website to support health centers and schools to promote healthier eating
62
Q

healthy eating advisory service

A
  • works to promote the consumption of healthy food and drinks in early childhood services, schools, and hospitals

-services provided:
phone advice and support
- staff training on developing on modifying menus

63
Q

challenges about bringing about daily changes

A

personal preferences- most people prefer foods over certain other foods. By preferring foods high in fat, salt, and sugar which contains a feel-good chemical called dopamine. This could create cravings that arent good

attitudes and beliefs- individuals haven’t tried certain foods because of their attitudes towards certain foods and beliefs which could make it difficult to make a dietary change

HHD 3 & 4 (7 decks)

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