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Zoo grade 12 > HH- drug and alcohol abuse > Flashcards

HH- drug and alcohol abuse Flashcards

1
Q

—- and —- show that use of drugs and alcohol has been on the rise especially among, which is a real cause of concern as it could result in ——

A

Survey and statistics
youth
many harmful effects

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2
Q

Proper —- and —- would enable youth to safeguard themselves against these —– and follow healthy lifestyle

A

education and guidelines
dangerous behaviour patterns

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3
Q

commonly abused drugs are

A

Opiods, cannabinoids, coca alkaloids

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4
Q

majority of these drugs are obtained from —- and some from —-

A

flowering plant, fungi

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5
Q

Opiods bind the specific opiod receptors in —- and—-

A

CNS and GIT

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6
Q

Heroin (ex of opiods) is —-, —-, —– compound

A

white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound

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7
Q

Morphine is obtained from —– of —–

A

latex of papaver somniferum (poppy plant)

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8
Q

acetylation of morphine produces

A

heroin

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9
Q

Heroin is a —- and —- body functions

A

depressant and slows down

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10
Q

method of taking opiods

A

snorting and injection (Sin-j)

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11
Q

cannabinoids are a group of chemical which interact with cannabinoid receptors present principally in

A

brain

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12
Q

natural cannabinoids are obtained from —- of plant —-

A

inflorescences of Cannabis sativa

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13
Q

the —-, —- and —- of cannabis are used in various combinations to produce —,—,— and—

A

flower tops, leaves and resin
marijuana, hashish, charas, ganja (mahacharganj)

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14
Q

cannabinoids are taken through

A

inhalation and oral ingestion

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15
Q

effects of cannabinoids seen on

A

cardiovascular system

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16
Q

coca alkaloid/cocaine is obtained from coca plant —–, native to —–

A

erythroxylum coca
south AMERICA

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17
Q

cocaine is commonly called

A

coke/crack

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18
Q

cocaine is taken through

A

snorting

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19
Q

cocaine has a potent stimulating action on —- producing a sense of — and —–

A

cns
euphoria and increased energy

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20
Q

excessive dosage of —- causes hallucinations

A

cocaine

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21
Q

well known plants with hallucinogenic props are

A

Atropa belladona, Datura

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22
Q

These days, some sportsperson also abuse —-

A

cannabinoids

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23
Q

Drugs like —,—-,— and other similar drugs that are normally used as medicines to help patients cope with mental illness like — and —– are often abused

A

barbiturates, amphetamines and benzodiazepines

depression and insomnia

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24
Q

—- is a effective sedative and —-, hence useful in patients who —-

A

morphine, painkiller
have undergone surgery

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25
Q

several —,— and—- having hallucinogenic props have been used for —- years in —-,—-,—- all over the globe

A

plants, fruits and seeds hundreds
folk ceremonies, rituals and religious ceremonies

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26
Q

Def drug abuse

A

when drugs are taken for a purpose other than medicinal use or in amts/freqs that impairs one’s PHYSICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL OR PSYCHOLOGICAL function
it constituTes drug abuse

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27
Q

—- also paves the way to hard drugs

A

smoking

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28
Q

tobacco has been used by humans for more than —–

A

400 years

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29
Q

tobacco is —,— or used as —-

A

chewed, smoked or
snuff

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30
Q

tobacco contains a large no of chemical subs, including—, a —-

A

nicotine, a alkaloid

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31
Q

nicotine stimulates —- to release —- and —- in blood circ; both of which increases —– and —-

A

adrenal gland
adrenaline and nor adrenaline
blood pressure and heart rate

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32
Q

smoking is associated with increased incidence of cancer of —- (3)and (4)——

A

lung, urinary bladder, throat,

emphysema, gastric ulcer, bronchitis, coronary heart disease

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33
Q

tobacco chewing is associated with increased risk of — cancer

A

oral cavity

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34
Q

smoking increases —- content in blood and reduces the concentration of ——
this causes — deficiency in the body

A

CO
haembound oxygen

O2

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35
Q

when one buys a packet of cigarettes, one cannot miss the —– that is present in packing which warns against smoking and says how it is —–

A

statutory
injurious to health

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36
Q

Smoking is prevalent among

A

both- young and old

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37
Q

knowing the dangers of smoking, chewing tobacco and its —– nature; the youth and old need to avoid these habits

A

addictive

38
Q

any addict requires —– to get rid of smoking habit

A

counselling and medical help

39
Q

adolescence is-

A

both a period and process during which a child becomes mature in terms of their attitudes and beliefs for effective participation in society

40
Q

adolescence is the age group bw

A

12-18 yrs of age

41
Q

adolescence is a bridge linking —- and —-

A

childhood and adulthood

42
Q

adolescence is accompanied by several —- and — changes

A

biological and behavioural changes

43
Q

adolescence is thus a —- phase of —- and —- dev of an individual

A

vulnerable
mental and psychological

44
Q

—, need for —-, and —- are common causes which motivate youngsters toward drug and alcohol use

A

curiosity
adventure and excitement
experimentation

45
Q

A childs natural —- motivates them to experiment and is complicated further by effects that might be perceived as —-

A

curiosity
benefits of drug/alcohol use

46
Q

the first use of drugs / alcohol might be out of curiosity or experimentation but later the child starts using this to —–

A

escape facing problems

47
Q

of late, stress- —- has played a significant role in persuading youngsters to try alcohols and drugs

A

from pressures to do well in academics or examinations

48
Q

the perception among youngsters that it is —- or —- to smoke, use drugs or alcohols is also in a way, a major cause for youth to start these habits

A

cool or progressive

49
Q

other factors associated with drug/alcohol abuse among adolescents are —- and ——

A

unstable/unsupportive family strucs
peer pressure

50
Q

because of the —–, drugs are freq used repeatedly

A

perceived benefits

51
Q

the most imp thing which one fails to realise about drugs is the —– of drugs and alcohol

A

inherant, addictive nature

52
Q

def addiction

A

addiction is a psychological attachment to certain effects- such as euphoria and a temp feeling of well being- associated with alcohols and drugs

53
Q

the effects of euphoria drive people to take alcohols and drugs when — or even when

A

its not need
it becomes self destructive

54
Q

with repeated use of drugs, the —- of receptors present in the body increases
consequently receptors respond to only —- alcohols and drugs leading to —–

A

tolerance level
high doses
higher intake

55
Q

use of drugs even once can be —-

A

fore runner to addiction

56
Q

the —- of drugs pull the user into a — circle leading to their regular use (abuse) from which they might not be able to get out

A

addicting potential
vicious

57
Q

in absence of —-, a person gets addicted and becomes dependant on use of drugs

A

guidance or counselling

58
Q

Define dependance

A

tendency of the body to manifest a characteristic and unpleasant withdrawal syndrome, if regular doses of drugs/alcohol is abruptly discontinued

59
Q

withdrawal symptoms include —– which may be relieved when the use is resumed again

A

sweating, anxiety, shakiness, nausea

60
Q

in some cases, withdrawal symptoms can be severe and even —- and the person may need —

A

life threatening
medical supervision

61
Q

dependance leads the patient to ignore —– in order to get sufficient —-

these result in many — problems

A

all social norms
funds to satiate their needs

social adjustment

62
Q

Immediate adverse effect of alcohol abuse are manifested in the form of —-, —- and —-

A

reckless behaviour, vandalism and violence

63
Q

excessive doses of drugs can lead to —-, — due to —-, —-, —-

A

coma and death
respiratory failure, heart failure or cerebral hemorrhage

64
Q

a combination of drugs or their intake with — generally results in overdosing and even deaths

A

alcohol

65
Q

the most common warning signs of drug and alcohol abuse in youth includes:

  1. drop in —
  2. unexplained — from school/college
  3. lack of interest in —-
  4. —-,
  5. isolation,
  6. depression,
  7. —-,
  8. aggressive and – behaviour
  9. deteriorating — with family and friends
  10. loss of —
  11. change in — habits
  12. fluctuations in weight/—
A

academic performance
absence
personal hygiene
withdrawal,
fatigue,
rebellious
relationships
interest in hobbies
sleeping/eating
apetite

66
Q

there may even be some —- implications of alcohol/drug abuse

if an abuser is unable to get money to buy drugs, they may turn to —-

A

far reaching
stealing

67
Q

the adverse effects are not just restricted to person who is using these drugs. at times, a drug/alcohol addict becomes the cause of —– and —- distress to their — and —-

A

mental and financial

entire family and friends

68
Q

those who take drugs —- are more likely to acquire serious infections like —- and —-

A

intravenously
AIDs and Hepatitis B

69
Q

the viruses which are resp for aids/hepatitis b are transferred from one person to the other by sharing of —– and —-

A

infected needles and syringes

70
Q

both aids and hepatitis b are —- and —-
both can be transmitted through —- or—-

A

chronic infections and ultimately fatal

sexual contact or infected blood

71
Q

the use of alcohol in adolescence may also have —– effects like —– in adulthood

A

long term effects
heavy drinking

72
Q

chronic use of drugs and alcohol damages —- and —-

A

nervous system
liver (cirrhosis)

73
Q

use of drugs and alcohol during pregnancy adversely affects —-

A

foetus

74
Q

another misuse of drugs is what certain —- do to enhance their performance

A

sportspersons

75
Q

sportsperson (mis)use —-, —-, —- and certain —- in sports to increase —– and to promote —- and as a result increase athletic

A

narcotic analgesics, anabolic steroids, diuretics and certain hormones

muscle strength and bulk and to promote aggressiveness

76
Q

side effects of ANABOLIC STEROIDS on females:

A
  1. masculinisation
  2. increased aggressiveness
  3. mood swings
  4. depression
  5. abnormal menstrual cycle
  6. excessive hair growth on face and body
  7. enlargement of clitoris
  8. deeping of voice
77
Q

side effects of ANABOLIC STEROIDS on males:

A
  1. acne
  2. increased aggressiveness
  3. mood swings
  4. depression
  5. reduction in size of testicles
  6. decreased sperm production
  7. potential for kidney and liver dysfunction
  8. breast enlargement
  9. premature baldness
  10. enlargement of prostate gland
78
Q

the effects cause be anabolic steroids may be permanent on —- use

A

prolonged

79
Q

in adolescent male/female, severe body and facial —- and premature closure of —- of —– may result in shunted growth

A

acne
growth centres of long bones

80
Q

the age old — of “—–” holds true here also

A

adage
prevention is better than cure

81
Q

it is also true that habits like —–, —- are taken up young age (more during adolescence)

A

smoking
taking drugs or alcohols

82
Q

it is best to identify situations that may push an adolescent towards use of drug or alcohol and to take —– well in time

in this regard, —- and — have spl responsibility

A

remedial measures
parents and teachers

83
Q

parenting that combines high level of —- and —- has been associated with lower risk of substance (alcohol/drug/tobacco) abuse

A

nurturance and consistent discipline

84
Q

Measures:
1. Avoid undue peer pressure
every child has her own choice and personality which should be —- and —. A child shouldnt be pushed unduly to perform beyond her —- be it studies, sports or other activities

A

respected, nurtured
threshold limits

85
Q

Measures
2. Education and counselling- “ them to face problems and stress and to accept — and —- as a part of life. it would be worthwhile to channelize —– into —- like sports, reading, music, yoga and other extra curriculars

A

failure and disappointment
childs energy
healthy pursuits

86
Q

Measures
3. seeking help from parents and peers- help should be sought immediately so that they can guide appropriately. Help may even be sought from close and trusted —-, besides getting proper advice to sort out problems this would also help them —-

A

friends
vent out their feelings of anxiety and guilt

87
Q

Measures
4. looking for danger signs- alert parents and teachers need to look for and identify danger signs. even friends, if they find someone using drugs or alcohol shouldnt hesitate to bring in the notice of parents and teachers in — of person concerned
Appropriate measure would then be req to diagnose the —- and —-. this would help in initiating proper —– steps

A

best interest
malady and underlying causes
remedial steps or treatment

88
Q

Measures
5. Seeking professional and medical help- a lot of help is available in the form of highly qualified —–, —- and —– and — programmes to help inds who have unfortunately got in the — of drug/alcohol abuse. With such help, the affected ind with sufficient efforts and—-, can get rid of the problem completely and lead a —- and — life

A

psychologist, psychiatrists, deaddiction and rehabilitation
quadmires

will power
completely normal and healthy life

89
Q

dieases like —– (5) are major cause of distress to humans

A

typhoid, CHOLERA, malaria, fungal infections on skin, pneumonia

90
Q

vector borne disease like malaria, esp one by —- if not treated, —-

A

Plasmodium falciparum
may prove fatal

91
Q

antimicrobial subs are present in — and — that prevent entry of microbes

A

tears, saliva

92
Q

many cancers are —- if detected early and appropriate — measures are taken

A

curable
therapeutic

Zoo grade 12 (7 decks)

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