HESI Practice Flashcards
The nurse is caring for a 3-year old child who is 2-hours post-op from a cardiac catheterization via the right femoral artery. Which assessment finding is an indication of arterial obstruction?
A. Blood pressure trend is downward and pulse is rapid and irregular.
B. Right foot is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched.
C. Pulse distal to the femoral artery is weaker on the left foot than right foot.
D. The pressure dressing at right femoral area is moist and oozing blood.
B. Right foot is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched.
Following a motor vehicle collision, a 3-year-old girl has a spica cast applied. Which toy is best for the nurse for this 3-year-old child?
A. Duck that squeaks.
B. Fashion doll and clothes.
C. Set of cloth and hand puppets.
D. Hand held video game.
C. Set of cloth and hand puppets.
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Which action should the nurse implement first?
A. Administer morphine sulphate.
B. Start IV fluids.
C. Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
D. Provide 100% oxygen by face mask.
C. Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
A child admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis is demonstrating Kussmaul respirations.The nurse determines that the increased respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism for which acid base alteration?
A. Metabolicalkalosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis.
C. Respiratory alkalosis.
D. Metabolic acidosis.
D. Metabolic acidosis.
7 years old is admitted to the hospital with persistent vomiting, and a nasogastric tube attached to low intermittent suction is applied. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
A. Gastric output of 100 mL in the last 8 hours.
B. Shift intake of 640 mL IV fluids plus 30 mL PO ice chips.
C. Serum potassium of 3.0 mg/dL.
D. Serum pH of 7.45.
C. Serum potassium of 3.0 mg/dL.
The nurse is evaluating diet teaching for a client who has nontropical sprue (celiac disease). Choosing which food indicates that the teaching has been effective?
A. Creamed corn.
B. Pancakes.
C. Rye crackers.
D. Cooked oatmeal.
A. Creamed corn.
During a well-baby check, the nurse hides a block under the baby’s blanket, and the baby looks for the block. Which normal growth and development milestone is the baby developing?
A. Separation anxiety.
B. Associativeplay.
C. Object prehension.
D. Object permanence.
D. Object permanence.
The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a3-months old infant, and notes that the FOC has increased 5 inches since birth and the child’s head appears large in relation to body size. Which action is most important for the nurse to take next?
A. Measure the infant’s head-to-toe length.
B. Palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging.
C. Observe the infant for sunken eyes.
D. Plot the measurement on the infant’s growth chart.
B. Palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging.
The nurse is preparing a 10-year-old with a lacerated forehead for suturing. Both parents and 12-year-old sibling are at the child’s bedside. Which instruction best supports family?
A. While waiting for the healthcare provider, only one visitor may stay with the child.
B. All of you should leave while the healthcare provider sutures the child’s forehead.
C. It is best if the sibling goes to the waiting room until the suturing is completed.
D. Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing.
D. Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing.
The nurse is planning for a 5-month old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose weight has decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase caloric intake and decrease vomiting, what instructions should the nurse provide this mother?
A. Give small amounts of baby food with each feeding.
B. Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding.
C. Dilute the child’s formula with equal parts of water.
D. Offer 10 % dextrose in water between most feedings.
B. Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding.
While teaching a parenting class to new parents the nurse describes the needs of infants and toddlers regarding discipline and limit setting. What is the most important reason for implementing such parenting behaviors?
A. Children need help in developing social skills.This age child fears loss of self-control.
B. They provide the child with a sense of security.
C. Children must to learn to deal with authority.
B. They provide the child with a sense of security.
The parents of a newborn infant with hypospadia are concerned about when the surgical correction should occur. What information should the nurse provide?
A. Repair should be done by one month to prevent bladder infection.
B. To form a proper urethra repair, it should be done after sexual maturity.
C. Repairs typically should be done before the child is potty trained.
D. Delaying the repair until school age reduces castration fears.
C. Repairs typically should be done before the child is potty trained.
Which drink choice on a hot day indicates to the nurse that a teenager with sickle cell anemia understands dietary consideration related to the disease?
A. Milkshake.
B. Iced tea.
C. Diet cola.
D. Lemonade.
D. Lemonade.
The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and lethargy. Which finding should the nurse identify that is consistent with early dehydration?
A. Tachycardia.
B. Bradycardia.
C. Dry mucous membrane.
D. Increased skin turgor.
A. Tachycardia.
While auscultating the lung sounds of a 5-year-old Chinese boy who recently completed antibiotic therapy for pneumonia, the nurse notices symmetrical, round, bruise-like blemishes on his chest. What action is best for the nurse to take?
A. Identify the antibiotic used to treat the pneumonia.
B. Inquire about the use of alternative methods of treatment.
C. Ask the parents if the child has been in a recent accident.
D. Report suspected child abuse to the authorities.
B. Inquire about the use of alternative methods of treatment.
A child with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy via a subclavian IV infusion, has an oral temperature of 103 degrees. In assessing the IV site, the nurse determines that there are no signs of infection at the site. Which intervention is the most important for the nurse to implement?
A. Obtain specimen for blood cultures.
B. Assess the CBC.
C. Monitor the oral temperature every hour.
D. Administer acetaminophen as prescribed.
A. Obtain specimen for blood cultures.
A child who weighs 25 kg is receiving IV ampicillin 300 mg/kg/24 hours in equally divided doses every 4 hours. How many mg should the nurse administer to the child for each dose?
1875mg
The nurse is caring for an infant scheduled for reduction of intussusceptions. The day before the scheduled procedure the infant passes a soft-formed brown stool. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Instruct the parents that the infant needs to be NPO.
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the passage of brown stool.
C. Obtain a stool specimen for laboratory analysis.
D. Ask the parents about recent changes in the infant’s diet.
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the passage of brown stool.
The mother of a 4-month old asks the nurse for advice in preventing diaper rash. What suggestion should the nurse provide?
A. At diaper change generously powder the baby’s diaper area with talcum powder to promote dryness.
B. Wash the diaper area every 2 hours with soap and water to help prevent skin breakdown.
C. Use a barrier cream, such as zinc oxide, which does not have to be completely removed with each diaper change.
D. Place a cloth diaper inside the disposable diaper for overnight periods when increased wearing time is likely.
C. Use a barrier cream, such as zinc oxide, which does not have to be completely removed with each diaper change.
Which statement by a school aged client going to summer camp indicates the best understanding of the mode of transmission of Lyme disease?
A. I’ll cover my mouth with a wet cloth if there’s too much dust blowing.
B. Cuts and scrapes need to be washed out and covered right away.
C. I’m not going to swim where the water is standing still or feels too hot.
D. I have to wear long sleeves and pants when we’re hiking around the pond.
D. I have to wear long sleeves and pants when we’re hiking around the pond.
The nurse is evaluating the effects of thyroid therapy used to treat 5 months old with hypothyroidism. Which behavior indicates that the treatment has been effective?
A. Laughs readily, turns from back to side.
B. Has strong Moro and tonic neck reflexes.
C. Keeps fists clenched, opens hands when grasping an object.
D. Can lift head, but not chest when lying on abdomen.
A. Laughs readily, turns from back to side.
The HR for a 3-year-old with a congenital heart defect has steadily decreased over the last few hours, now it’s 76 bpm, the previous reading 4 hours ago was 110 bpm. Which additional finding should be reported immediately to a healthcare provider?
A. Oxygen saturation 94%.
B. RR of 25 breaths/minute.
C. Urine output 20 mL/hr.
D. BP 70/40.
D. BP 70/40.
