Chapter 22 - The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Flashcards
What test is used to screen for carbohydrate malabsorption?
a. Stool pH
b. Urine ketones
c. C urea breath test
d. ELISA stool assay
a. Stool pH
A toddlers mother calls the nurse because she thinks her son has swallowed a button type of battery. He has no signs of respiratory distress. The nurses response should be based on which premise?
a. An emergency laparotomy is very likely.
b. The location needs to be confirmed by radiographic examination.
c. Surgery will be necessary if the battery has not passed in the stool in 48 hours.
d. Careful observation is essential because an ingested battery cannot be accurately detected.
b. The location needs to be confirmed by radiographic examination.
The mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning. The nurse suspects foreign body ingestion. What physiologic occurrence is most likely responsible for the presenting signs?
a. Gastrointestinal perforation may have occurred.
b. The object may have been aspirated.
c. The object may be lodged in the esophagus.
d. The object may be embedded in stomach wall.
c. The object may be lodged in the esophagus.
What is a high-fiber food that the nurse should recommend for a child with chronic constipation?
a. White rice
b. Popcorn
c. Fruit juice
d. Ripe bananas
b. Popcorn
What statement best describes Hirschsprung disease?
a. The colon has an aganglionic segment.
b. It results in frequent evacuation of solids, liquid, and gas.
c. The neonate passes excessive amounts of meconium.
d. It results in excessive peristaltic movements within the gastrointestinal tract.
a. The colon has an aganglionic segment.
What procedure is most appropriate for assessment of an abdominal circumference related to a bowel obstruction?
a. Measuring the abdomen after feedings
b. Marking the point of measurement with a pen
c. Measuring the circumference at the symphysis pubis
d. Using a new tape measure with each assessment to ensure accuracy
b. Marking the point of measurement with a pen
A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung disease is hospitalized for surgery. A temporary colostomy will be necessary. How should the nurse prepare this child?
a. It is unnecessary because of childs age.
b. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
c. Preparation is not needed because the colostomy is temporary.
d. Preparation is important because the child needs to deal with negative body image.
b. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
A child has a nasogastric (NG) tube after surgery for Hirschsprung disease. What is the purpose of the NG tube?
a. Prevent spread of infection.
b. Monitor electrolyte balance.
c. Prevent abdominal distention.
d. Maintain accurate record of output
c. Prevent abdominal distention.
A parent of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux asks how to decrease the number and total volume of emesis. What recommendation should the nurse include in teaching this parent?
a. Surgical therapy is indicated.
b. Place in prone position for sleep after feeding.
c. Thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole.
d. Reduce the frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula.
c. Thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole.
After surgery yesterday for gastroesophageal reflux, the nurse finds that the infant has somehow removed the nasogastric (NG) tube. What nursing action is most appropriate to perform at this time?
a. Notify the practitioner.
b. Insert the NG tube so feedings can be given.
c. Replace the NG tube to maintain gastric decompression.
d. Leave the NG tube out because it has probably been in long enough.
a. Notify the practitioner.
An adolescent with irritable bowel syndrome comes to see the school nurse. What information should the nurse share with the adolescent?
a. A low-fiber diet is required.
b. Stress management may be helpful.
c. Milk products are a contributing factor.
d. Pantoprazole (a proton pump inhibitor) is effective in treatment
b. Stress management may be helpful.
What clinical manifestation should be the most suggestive of acute appendicitis?
a. Rebound tenderness
b. Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding
c. Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating
d. Colicky, cramping, abdominal pain around the umbilicus
d. Colicky, cramping, abdominal pain around the umbilicus
When caring for a child with probable appendicitis, the nurse should be alert to recognize which sign or symptom as a manifestation of perforation?
a. Anorexia
b. Bradycardia
c. Sudden relief from pain
d. Decreased abdominal distention
c. Sudden relief from pain
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis. What intervention is appropriate to relieve the abdominal discomfort during the evaluation?
a. Place in the Trendelenburg position.
b. Apply moist heat to the abdomen.
c. Allow the child to assume a position of comfort.
d. Administer a saline enema to cleanse the bowel.
c. Allow the child to assume a position of comfort.
What statement is most descriptive of Meckel diverticulum?
a. It is acquired during childhood.
b. Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse.
c. It occurs more frequently in females than in males.
d. Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem.
b. Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse.
