Chapter 12 - Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

Question 1

In terms of fine motor development, what should the 3-year-old child be expected to do?

a. Tie shoelaces.
b. Copy (draw) a circle.
c. Use scissors or a pencil very well.
d. Draw a person with seven to nine parts.

Answer 1

b. Copy (draw) a circle.

Question 2

According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which?

a. Thoughts are all powerful.
b. God is an imaginary friend.
c. Events have cause and effect.
d. If the skin is broken, the insides will come out.

Answer 2

a. Thoughts are all powerful.

Question 3

In terms of cognitive development, a 5-year-old child should be expected to do which?

a. Think abstractly.
b. Use magical thinking.
c. Understand conservation of matter.
d. Understand another persons perspective.

Answer 3

b. Use magical thinking.

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When he asks the nurse when his parents are coming, what would the nurses best response be?

a. They will be here soon.
b. They will come after dinner.
c. Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is.
d. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be.

Answer 4

b. They will come after dinner.

Question 5

A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was bad. What is the nurses best interpretation of this comment?

a. Sign of stress
b. Common at this age
c. Suggestive of maladaptation
d. Suggestive of excessive discipline at home

Answer 5

b. Common at this age

Question 6

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she doesnt want another blood sample drawn because I need all of my insides and I dont want anyone taking them out. What is the nurses best interpretation of this?

a. The child is being overly dramatic.
b. The child has a disturbed body image.
c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries.
d. Preschoolers normally have a good understanding of their bodies.

Answer 6

c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries.

Question 7

Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period?

a. Team
b. Parallel
c. Solitary
d. Associative

Answer 7

d. Associative

Question 8

What characteristic best describes the language skills of a 3-year-old child?

a. Asks meanings of words
b. Follows directional commands
c. Can describe an object according to its composition
d. Talks incessantly regardless of whether anyone is listening

Answer 8

d. Talks incessantly regardless of whether anyone is listening

Question 9

During a well-child visit, the father of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that he is not sure if his son is ready for kindergarten. The boys birthday is close to the cut-off date, and he has not attended preschool. What is the nurses best recommendation?

a. Start kindergarten.
b. Talk to other parents about readiness.
c. Perform a developmental screening.
d. Postpone kindergarten and go to preschool

Answer 9

c. Perform a developmental screening.

Question 10

Parents tell the nurse they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom. What is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?

a. Punish the children so this behavior stops.
b. Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity.
c. Get counseling for this unusual and dangerous behavior.
d. Allow the children unrestricted permission to satisfy this curiosity.

Answer 10

b. Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity.

Question 11

A boy age 4 1/2 years has been having increasingly frequent angry outbursts in preschool. He is aggressive toward the other children and the teachers. This behavior has been a problem for approximately 8 to 10 weeks. His parent asks the nurse for advice. What is the most appropriate
intervention?

a. Refer the child for a professional psychosocial assessment.
b. Explain that this is normal in preschoolers, especially boys.
c. Encourage the parent to try more consistent and firm discipline.
d. Talk to the preschool teacher to obtain validation for behavior parent reports.

Answer 11

a. Refer the child for a professional psychosocial assessment.

Question 12

What dysfunctional speech pattern is a normal characteristic of the language development of a preschool child?

a. Lisp
b. Echolalia
c. Stammering
d. Repetition without meaning

Answer 12

c. Stammering

Question 13

The parent of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that the child believes monsters and bogeymen are in his bedroom at night. What is the nurses best suggestion for coping with this problem?

a. Let the child sleep with his parents.
b. Keep a night light on in the childs bedroom.
c. Help the child understand that these fears are illogical.
d. Tell the child that monsters and bogeymen do not exist.

Answer 13

b. Keep a night light on in the childs bedroom.

Question 14

. What is descriptive of the nutritional requirements of preschool children?

a. The quality of the food consumed is more important than the quantity.
b. The average daily intake of preschoolers should be about 3000 calories.
c. Nutritional requirements for preschoolers are very different from requirements for toddlers.
d. Requirements for calories per unit of body weight increase slightly during the preschool period.

Answer 14

a. The quality of the food consumed is more important than the quantity.

Question 15

A child age 4 1/2 years sometimes wakes her parents up at night screaming, thrashing, sweating, and apparently frightened, yet she is not aware of her parents presence when they check on her. She lies down and sleeps without any parental intervention. This is most likely what?

a. Nightmare
b. Sleep terror
c. Sleep apnea
d. Seizure activity

Answer 15

b. Sleep terror

Question 16

During the preschool period, the emphasis of injury prevention should be placed on what?

a. Limitation of physical activities
b. Punishment for unsafe behaviors
c. Constant vigilance and protection
d. Teaching about safety and potential hazards

Answer 16

d. Teaching about safety and potential hazards

Question 17

The nurse is talking to the parent of a 5-year-old child who refuses to go to sleep at night. What intervention should the nurse suggest in helping the parent to cope with this sleep
disturbance?

a. Establish a consistent punishment if the child does not go to bed when told.
b. Allow the child to fall asleep in a different room and then gently move the child to his or her bed.
c. Establish limited rituals that signal readiness for bedtime.
d. Allow the child to watch television until almost asleep.

Answer 17

c. Establish limited rituals that signal readiness for bedtime.

Question 18

At a seminar for parents with preschool-age children, the nurse has discussed anticipatory tasks during the preschool years. Which statement by a parent should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

a. I should be worried if my 4-year-old child has an increase in sexual curiosity because this is a sign of sexual abuse.

b. I should expect my 5-year-old to change from a tranquil child to an aggressive child when school starts.

c. I should be concerned if my 4-year-old child starts telling exaggerated stories and has an imaginary playmate, since these could be signs of stress.

d. I should expect my 3-year-old child to have a more stable appetite and an increase in food selections.

Answer 18

d. I should expect my 3-year-old child to have a more stable appetite and an increase in food selections.

Question 19

The nurse is explaining average weight gain during the preschool years to a group of parents. Which average weight gain should the nurse suggest to the parents?

a. 1 to 2 kg
b. 2 to 3 kg
c. 3 to 4 kg
d. 4 to 5 kg

Answer 19

b. 2 to 3 kg

Question 20

The nurse is planning to bring a preschool child a toy from the playroom. What toy is appropriate for this age group?

a. Building blocks
b. A 500-piece puzzle
c. Paint by number picture
d. Farm animals and equipment

Answer 20

d. Farm animals and equipment

Question 21

The nurse is conducting an assessment of fine motor development in a 3-year-old child. Which is the expected drawing skill for this age?

a. Can draw a complete stick figure
b. Holds the instrument with the fist
c. Can copy a triangle and diamond
d. Can copy a circle and imitate a cross

Answer 21

d. Can copy a circle and imitate a cross

Question 22

The nurse is explaining the preconventional stage of moral development to a group of nursing students. What characterizes this stage?

a. Children in this stage focus on following the rules.
b. Children in this stage live up to social expectations and roles.
c. Children in this stage have a concrete sense of justice and fairness.
d. Children in this stage have little, if any, concern for why something is wrong.

Answer 22

d. Children in this stage have little, if any, concern for why something is wrong.

Question 23

The nurse is teaching parents about instilling a positive body image for the preschool age. What statement made by the parents indicates the teaching is understood?

a. We will make sure our child is praised about his or her looks.
b. We will help our child compare his or her size with other children.
c. We understand our child will have well-defined body boundaries.
d. We will be sure our child understands about being little for his or her age.

Answer 23

a. We will make sure our child is praised about his or her looks.

Question 24

The nurse has just given a subcutaneous injection to a preschool child, and the child asks for a Band-Aid over the site. Which action should the nurse implement?

a. Place a Band-Aid over the site.
b. Massage the injection site with an alcohol swab.
c. Show the child there is no bleeding from the site.
d. Explain that a Band-Aid is not needed after a subcutaneous injection.

Answer 24

a. Place a Band-Aid over the site.