Chapter 15 - Health Promotion Adolescent

Question 1

How does the onset of the pubertal growth spurt compare in girls and boys?

a. In girls, it occurs about 1 year before it appears in boys.
b. In girls, it occurs about 3 years before it appears in boys.
c. In boys. it occurs about 1 year before it appears in girls.
d. It is about the same in both boys and girls.

Answer 1

a. In girls, it occurs about 1 year before it appears in boys.

Question 2

In girls, what is the initial indication of puberty?

a. Menarche
b. Growth spurt
c. Breast development
d. Growth of pubic hair

Answer 2

c. Breast development

Question 3

Girls experience an increase in weight and fat deposition during puberty. What do nursing considerations related to this include?

a. Give reassurance that these changes are normal.
b. Suggest dietary measures to control weight gain.
c. Encourage a low-fat diet to prevent fat deposition.
d. Recommend increased exercise to control weight gain.

Answer 3

a. Give reassurance that these changes are normal.

Question 4

In boys, what is the initial indication of puberty?

a. Voice changes
b. Growth of pubic hair
c. Testicular enlargement
d. Increased size of penis

Answer 4

c. Testicular enlargement

Question 5

According to Piaget, adolescents tend to be in what stage of cognitive development?

a. Concrete operations
b. Conventional thought
c. Postconventional thought
d. Formal operational thought

Answer 5

d. Formal operational thought

Question 6

What aspects of cognition develop during adolescence?

a. Ability to see things from the point of view of another
b. Capability of using a future time perspective
c. Capability of placing things in a sensible and logical order
d. Progress from making judgments based on what they see to making judgments based on what they reason

Answer 6

b. Capability of using a future time perspective

Question 7

Adolescents often do not use reasoned decision making when issues such as substance abuse and sexual behavior are involved. What is this because of?

a. They tend to be immature.
b. They do not need to use reasoned decision making.
c. They lack cognitive skills to use reasoned decision making.
d. They are dealing with issues that are stressful and emotionally laden.

Answer 7

d. They are dealing with issues that are stressful and emotionally laden.

Question 8

What is most descriptive of the spiritual development of older adolescents?

a. Beliefs become more abstract.
b. Rituals and practices become increasingly important.
c. Strict observance of religious customs is common.
d. Emphasis is placed on external manifestations, such as whether a person goes to church.

Answer 8

a. Beliefs become more abstract.

Question 9

According to Erikson, the psychosocial task of adolescence is developing what?

a. Identity
b. Intimacy
c. Initiative
d. Independence

Answer 9

a. Identity

Question 10

What is true concerning the development of autonomy during adolescence?

a. Development of autonomy typically involves rebellion.
b. Development of autonomy typically involves parentchild conflicts.
c. Parent and peer influences are opposing forces in the development of autonomy.
d. Conformity to both parents and peers gradually declines toward the end of adolescence.

Answer 10

d. Conformity to both parents and peers gradually declines toward the end of adolescence.

Question 11

What is true concerning masturbation during adolescence?

a. Homosexuality is encouraged by the practice of masturbation.
b. Many girls do not begin masturbation until after they have intercourse.
c. Masturbation at an early age leads to sexual intercourse at an earlier age.
d. Development of intimate relationships is delayed when masturbation is regularly practiced.

Answer 11

b. Many girls do not begin masturbation until after they have intercourse.

Question 12

A 16-year-old adolescent boy tells the school nurse that he is gay. The nurses response should be based on what?

a. He is too young to have had enough sexual activity to determine this.
b. The nurse should feel open to discussing his or her own beliefs about homosexuality.
c. Homosexual adolescents do not have concerns that differ from those of heterosexual adolescents.
d. It is important to provide a nonthreatening environment in which he can discuss this.

Answer 12

d. It is important to provide a nonthreatening environment in which he can discuss this.

Question 13

The development of sexual orientation during adolescence is what?

a. Inflexible
b. A developmental process
c. Differs for boys and girls
d. Proceeds in a defined sequence

Answer 13

b. A developmental process

Question 14

What is an important consideration for the school nurse planning a class on injury prevention for adolescents?

a. Adolescents generally are not risk takers.
b. Adolescents can anticipate the long-term consequences of serious injuries.
c. Adolescents need to discharge energy, often at the expense of logical thinking.
d. During adolescence, participation in sports should be limited to prevent permanent injuries.

Answer 14

c. Adolescents need to discharge energy, often at the expense of logical thinking.

Question 15

The school nurse is teaching a class on injury prevention. What should be included when discussing firearms?

a. Adolescents are too young to use guns properly for hunting.
b. Gun carrying among adolescents is on the rise, primarily among inner-city youth.
c. Nonpowder guns (air rifles, BB guns) are a relatively safe alternative to powder guns.
d. Adolescence is the peak age for being a victim or offender in the case of injury involving a firearm.

Answer 15

d. Adolescence is the peak age for being a victim or offender in the case of injury involving a firearm.

Question 16

The nurse is explaining to an adolescent the rationale for administering a Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) vaccine 3 years after the last Td (tetanus) booster. What should the nurse tell the adolescent?

a. It is time for a booster vaccine.
b. It is past the time for a booster vaccine.
c. This vaccine will provide pertussis immunity.
d. This vaccine will be the last booster you will need.

Answer 16

c. This vaccine will provide pertussis immunity.

Question 17

The nurse is preparing a pamphlet for parents of adolescents about guidance during the adolescent years. What suggestion should the nurse include in the pamphlet?

a. Provide criticism when mistakes are made or when views are different.
b. Use comparisons with older siblings or extended family to promote good outcomes.
c. Begin to disengage from school functions to allow the adolescent to gain independence.
d. Provide clear, reasonable limits and define consequences when rules are broken.

Answer 17

d. Provide clear, reasonable limits and define consequences when rules are broken.

Question 18

A 12-year-old girl asks the nurse about an increase in clear white odorless vaginal discharge. What response should the nurse give?

a. This may mean a yeast infection.
b. This is normal before menstruation starts
c. This is caused by an increase in progesterone.
d. This is possibly a sign of a sexually transmitted infection

Answer 18

b. This is normal before menstruation starts

Question 19

The school nurse recognizes that pubertal delay in girls is considered if breast development has not occurred by which age?

a. 10 years
b. 11 years
c. 12 years
d. 13 years

Answer 19

d. 13 years

Question 20

The school nurse is teaching an adolescent about social networking and texting on phones. What statement by the adolescent indicates a need for further teaching?

a. Social networking can help me develop interpersonal skills.
b. I will have an opportunity to interact with people like myself.
c. My text messaging during class time in school will not cause any disruption.
d. I should be cautious, as the online environment can create opportunities for cyberbullying.

Answer 20

c. My text messaging during class time in school will not cause any disruption.

Question 21

The school nurse recognizes that adolescents should get how many hours of sleep each night?

a. 6 hours
b. 7 hours
c. 8 hours
d. 9 hours

Answer 21

d. 9 hours

Question 22

The nurse is assessing the Tanner stage in an adolescent female. The nurse recognizes that the stages are based on which?

a. The stages of vaginal changes
b. The progression of menstrual cycles to regularity
c. Breast size and the shape and distribution of pubic hair
d. The development of fat deposits around the hips and buttocks

Answer 22

c. Breast size and the shape and distribution of pubic hair

Question 23

The nurse is assessing the Tanner stage in an adolescent male. The nurse recognizes that the stages are based on what?

a. Hair growth on the face and chest
b. Changes in the voice to a deeper timbre
c. Muscle growth in the arms, legs, and shoulders
d. Size and shape of the penis and scrotum and distribution of pubic hair

Answer 23

d. Size and shape of the penis and scrotum and distribution of pubic hair

Question 24

The nurse is caring for children on an adolescent-only unit. What growth and development milestones should the nurse expect from 11- and 14-year-old adolescents? (Select all that apply.)

a. Self-centered with increased narcissism
b. No major conflicts with parents
c. Established abstract thought process
d. Have a rich, idealistic fantasy life
e. Highly value conformity to group norms
f. Secondary sexual characteristics appear

Answer 24

b. No major conflicts with parents
e. Highly value conformity to group norms
f. Secondary sexual characteristics appear

Question 25

What are characteristics of early adolescence (1114 years) with regard to identity? (Select all that apply.)

a. Mature sexual identity
b. Increase in self-esteem
c. Trying out of various roles
d. Conformity to group norms
e. Preoccupied with rapid body changes

Answer 25

c. Trying out of various roles
d. Conformity to group norms
e. Preoccupied with rapid body changes

Question 26

What are characteristics of middle adolescence (1517 years) with regard to relationships with peers? (Select all that apply.)

a. Behavioral standards set by peer group
b. Acceptance of peers extremely important
c. Seeks peer affiliations to counter instability
d. Exploration of ability to attract opposite sex
e. Peer group recedes in importance in favor of individual friendship

Answer 26

a. Behavioral standards set by peer group
b. Acceptance of peers extremely important
d. Exploration of ability to attract opposite sex

Question 27

What are characteristics of late adolescence (1820 years) with regard to sexuality? (Select all that apply.)

a. Exploration of self-appeal
b. Limited dating, usually group
c. Intimacy involves commitment
d. Growing capacity for mutuality and reciprocity
e. May publicly identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual

Answer 27

c. Intimacy involves commitment
d. Growing capacity for mutuality and reciprocity
e. May publicly identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual

Question 28

What are characteristics of dating relationships in early adolescence? (Select all that apply.)

a. One-on-one dating
b. Follow ritualized scripts
c. Are psychosocially intimate
d. Involve playing stereotypic roles
e. Participating in mixed-gender group activities

Answer 28

b. Follow ritualized scripts
d. Involve playing stereotypic roles
e. Participating in mixed-gender group activities

Question 29

The school nurse recognizes that students who are targeted for repeated harassment and bullying may exhibit what? (Select all that apply.)

a. Skip school
b. Attempt suicide
c. Bring weapons to school
d. Attend extracurricular activities
e. Report symptoms of depression

Answer 29

a. Skip school
b. Attempt suicide
c. Bring weapons to school
e. Report symptoms of depression

Question 30

Parents of an adolescent ask the school nurse, It is OK for our adolescent to get a job? The nurse should answer telling the parents the effects of adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week are what? (Select all that apply.)

a. Can lead to fatigue
b. Can lead to poorer grades
c. Improves an interest in school
d. Enhances development and identity
e. Can reduce extracurricular involvement

Answer 30

a. Can lead to fatigue
b. Can lead to poorer grades
e. Can reduce extracurricular involvement

Question 31

An adolescent asks the nurse about the safety of getting a tattoo. The nurse explains to the adolescent that it is important to find a qualified operator using proper sterile technique because an unsterilized needle or contaminated tattoo ink can cause what? (Select all that apply.)

a. Hepatitis C virus
b. Hepatitis B virus
c. Hepatitis E virus
d. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
e. Mycobacterium chelonae skin infections

Answer 31

a. Hepatitis C virus
b. Hepatitis B virus
d. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
e. Mycobacterium chelonae skin infections

Question 32

The school nurse teaches adolescents that the detrimental long-term effects of tanning are what? (Select all that apply.)

a. Vitamin D deficiency
b. Premature aging of the skin
c. Exacerbates acne outbreaks
d. Increased risk for skin cancer
e. Possible phototoxic reactions

Answer 32

b. Premature aging of the skin
d. Increased risk for skin cancer
e. Possible phototoxic reactions

Question 33

What guidelines should the nurse use when interviewing adolescents? (Select all that apply.)

a. Ensure privacy.
b. Use open-ended questions.
c. Share your thoughts and assumptions.
d. Explain that all interactions will be confidential.
e. Begin with less sensitive issues and proceed to more sensitive ones.

Answer 33

a. Ensure privacy.
b. Use open-ended questions.
e. Begin with less sensitive issues and proceed to more sensitive ones.