Hernia Types Review

Question 1

MIDLINE HERNIAS ABOVE THE UNBILICUS.

Answer 1

EPIDASTRIC

Question 2

THE HERNIA PROTRUDES THROUGH THE ABDOMINAL WALL.

Answer 2

EXTERNAL

Question 3

MIDLINE HERNIAS BELOW THE UMBILICUS.

Answer 3

HYPOGASTRIC

Question 4

HERNIATED TISSUE CANNOT BE RETURNED TO THE SITE OF ORIGIN.

Answer 4

INCARCERATED

Question 5

A HERNIA THAT OCCURS WITHIN THE VISCERAL CAVITY (INTRAPERITONEAL OR RETROPERITONEAL)

Answer 5

INTERNAL

Question 6

THE HERNIA IS CONTAINED WIHTIN THE ABDOMINAL WALL.

Answer 6

INTERPARIETAL

Question 7

PRESENTATION OF BOTH DIRECT AND INDIRECT HERNIAS.

Answer 7

PANTALOON

Question 8

A HERNIA PROJECTING THROUGH THE DIAPHRAGM INTO THE PLEURAL SPACE.

Answer 8

PHRENIC

Question 9

HERNIA CONTENTS CAN BE RETURNED TO THE ORIGINAL CAVITY VIA MANUAL MANIPULATION.

Answer 9

REDUCIBLE

Question 10

A HERNIATION OF A PORTION OF THE BOWEL THROUGH TEH FASCIAL DEFECT, RATHER THAN THE ENTIRE CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE BOWEL.

Answer 10

RICHTER’S HERNIA

Question 11

THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA FORMS PART OF THE HERNIA SAC.

Answer 11

SLIDING

Question 12

WHEN TISSUE IN THE HERNIATED SAC BECOMNES TRAPPED AND BLOOD SUPPLY IS CUT OFF, CAUSING TISSUE NECROSIS.

Answer 12

STRANGULATION

Question 13

HOW COMMON ARE HERNIAS OF THE GROIN?

Answer 13

APPROX 75%

Question 14

WHAT 3 STRUCTURES FOR HESSELBACH’S TRIANGLE?

Answer 14

THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS MUSCLE, INGUINAL LIGAMENT, AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC VESSELS

Question 15

NAME THE 2 TYPES OF HERNIAS THAT OCCUR IN THE GROIN.

Answer 15

INGUINAL AND FEMORAL

Question 16

DESCRIBE THE BASIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DIRECT AND AN INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA.

Answer 16

MORE COMMON, INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIAS ARISE FROM AND PASS THE DEEP INGUINAL RING INTO THE INGUINAL CANAL. THE HERNIA SAC MAY EXTEND INTO THE SCROTUM. THE NECK OF THE HERNIA IS NARROW AND LIES LATERAL TO THE INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERY. DIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA ARISE THROUGH HESSELBACH’S TRIANGLE, ENTERING THE INGUINAL CANAL THROUGH THE POSTERIOR WALL AND RARELY REACHING THE SCROTUM. THE NECK OF THE SAC IS WIDE AND LIES MEDIAL TO THE INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERY

Question 17

WHAT HERNIA IS MOST COMMON IN NEWBORNS AND IN ADULTS, HAS A HIGHER INCIDENCE RATES IN WOMEN THAN MEN?

Answer 17

UMBILICAL

Question 18

WHAT HERNIAS ARE COMMON IN CHILDREN AND TEENS?

Answer 18

INGUINAL

Question 19

WHICH IS THE MOST COMMON HERNIA FOR PREGNANT WOMEN AND PEOPLE OVER THE AGE OF 50?

Answer 19

HIATAL HERNIA

Question 20

WHICH HERNIA:

3:1 RATION OF OCCURRENCE IN WOEMN TO MEN
HIGH RATE OF STRANGULATION
VERY RARE IN CHILDREN
FOUND INFERO-LATERAL TO THE PUBIC TUBERCLE

Answer 20

FEMORAL HERNIA

Question 21

DESCRIBE THE ANATOMY INVOLVED IN A HIATAL HERNIA.

Answer 21

THE PROXIMAL STOMACH PROTRUDES THROUGH THE ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS OF THE DIAPHGRAM

Question 22

A VENTRAL HERNIA INVOLVES PROTRUSION THROUGH THE:

Answer 22

ABDOMINAL

Question 23

A SPIGELIAN HERNIA OCCURS ALONG THE LINEA SEMILUNARIS THROUGH THE SPIGELIAN FASCIA WHICH IS LATERAL TO WHICH MIUSCLE?

Answer 23

THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS

Question 24

HOW COMMON ARE SPIGELIAN HERNIAS?

Answer 24

2% OR FEWER

Question 25

WHICH TYPE OF HERNIA HAS A 20-45% RECURRENCE RATE, EVEN AFTER REAPIR?

Answer 25

INCISIONAL HERNIA

Question 26

GASTROESOPHAGEL REFLUX DISEASE IS MOST COMMONLY LINKED TO WHICH TYPE OF HERNIA?

Answer 26

HIATAL HERNIA