heredity vocabulary

Question 1

heredity

Answer 1

the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another

Question 2

Dominant Trait

Answer 2

an inherited characteristic that appears in an offspring if it is contributed from a parent through a dominant allele.

Question 3

Recessive Trait

Answer 3

A recessive trait is the weak, unexpressed trait of a dichotomous pair of alleles

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

the genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Question 8

Probability

Answer 8

the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an event is to occur, or how likely it is that a proposition is true.

Question 9

Meiosis

Answer 9

a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.

Question 10

Sex chromosomes

Answer 10

a type of chromosome that participates in sex determination.

Question 11

Pedigree

Answer 11

the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.

Question 13

Nucleotide

Answer 13

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group.

Question 14

Mutations

Answer 14

the changing of the structure of a gene

Question 15

RNA

Answer 15

ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells.