Digestive system Flashcards
What is the gastrointestinal tract?
The gastrointestinal tract is the organ system responsible for the digestion and absorption of food.
What is the oral cavity?
The oral cavity is the mouth area where digestion begins.
What is the hard palate?
The hard palate is the bony front part of the roof of the mouth.
What is the soft palate?
The soft palate is the soft back part of the roof of the mouth.
What is the uvula?
The uvula is the small fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate.
What is the lingual frenulum?
The lingual frenulum is the fold of tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
What is the pharynx?
The pharynx is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity.
What is the esophagus?
The esophagus is the tube that connects the throat to the stomach.
What is mucosa?
Mucosa is the moist tissue lining the gastrointestinal tract.
What is submucosa?
Submucosa is the layer of tissue beneath the mucosa.
What is muscularis externa?
Muscularis externa is the layer of muscle responsible for peristalsis.
What is serosa?
Serosa is the outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract.
What is visceral peritoneum?
Visceral peritoneum is the membrane that covers the abdominal organs.
What is parietal peritoneum?
Parietal peritoneum is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.
What is mesentery?
Mesentery is the fold of tissue that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall.
What is the stomach?
The stomach is a hollow organ that holds food while it is being mixed with stomach enzymes and acids.
What is the cardioesophageal sphincter?
The cardioesophageal sphincter is the muscle that controls the opening between the esophagus and the stomach.
What is the pyloric sphincter?
The pyloric sphincter is the muscle that controls the opening between the stomach and the small intestine.
What are rugae?
Rugae are the folds in the stomach lining that allow for expansion.
What is the greater curvature?
The greater curvature is the longer, outer curve of the stomach.
What is the lesser curvature?
The lesser curvature is the shorter, inner curve of the stomach.
What is the greater omentum?
The greater omentum is a large fold of peritoneum that hangs from the stomach.
What is chyme?
Chyme is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine.
What is the small intestine?
The small intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract where most of the digestion and absorption of food occurs.
What is the ileocecal valve?
The ileocecal valve is the valve that separates the small intestine from the large intestine.
What is the duodenum?
The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine.
What is the jejunum?
The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine.
What is the ileum?
The ileum is the last part of the small intestine.
What are pancreatic ducts?
Pancreatic ducts are the ducts that carry digestive enzymes from the pancreas to the small intestine.
What is the bile duct?
The bile duct is the duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.
What is the large intestine?
The large intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract that absorbs water and forms feces.
What is the cecum?
The cecum is the first part of the large intestine.
What is the appendix?
The appendix is a small, tube-like structure attached to the cecum.
What is the colon?
The colon is the main part of the large intestine.
What is the rectum?
The rectum is the final section of the large intestine.
What is the anal canal?
The anal canal is the last part of the digestive tract.
What is the ascending colon?
The ascending colon is the part of the colon that travels upward on the right side of the abdomen.
What is the transverse colon?
The transverse colon is the part of the colon that runs horizontally across the abdomen.
What is the descending colon?
The descending colon is the part of the colon that travels downward on the left side of the abdomen.
What is the sigmoid colon?
The sigmoid colon is the part of the colon that is shaped like an āSā and leads to the rectum.
What is the liver?
The liver is a vital organ that processes nutrients and detoxifies harmful substances.
What is the gall bladder?
The gall bladder is a small organ that stores bile produced by the liver.
