Herbology wk 10 Flashcards
The study of plant chemicals (metabolites):
phytochemistry
Primary metabolites:
carbohydrates amino acids/nucleic acids proteins lipids vitamins
Secondary metabolites:
not essential to growth & reproduction
defensives * antimicrobials * antioxidants * antifeedants signaling * hormones attractants * volatile oils
Conversion of carbon to glucose is called:
photosynthesis
Phenolics or polyphenols:
aromatic alcohols weak acids reducing agents (antioxidants) UV light absorbers pigments defensives
Alkaloids are:
nitrogen-containing bases biosynthesized from amino acids highly bioactive, toxic reactive easily isolated
Terpenes are made from:
repeating isoprene units (C5)
mono - C10 sesqui - C15 di - C20 tri - C30 carotenoids - C40
An agent that induces drowsiness & sleep:
hypnotic / soporific
Passion fruit - part used:
fruit
seeds
Passion flower - part used:
flower
aerial parts
leaves
Passion flower - constituents:
alkaloids
flavonoids
glycosides
Passion flower - actions:
sleep inducing
antispasmodic
Valerian - part used:
root
Valerian - constituents:
volatile oils iridoids sesquiterpenes alkaloids phenolic acids flavonoids choline caffeic acid fatty acid
Valerian - actions:
nervine
calming/sedating
antispasmodic
hypnotic
Valerian - indications:
sleeplessness w/anxiety pain w/muscle tension tremors, spasms, palpitations menstrual cramps depression nervous debility
Valerian - cautions:
causes drowsiness
don’t mix w/depressant drugs
lg doses -> cramps, tremors, dizziness
Kava - actions:
sedative hypnotic anticonvulsant spasmolytic analgesic antidepressant
Kava - constituents:
kava lactones
Kava - part used:
roots
stem/leaf = toxic
Linden - part used:
flowers
leaves
buds
Linden - constituents:
flavonoids glycosides volatile oil phenolic acids mucilage tannins
Linden - actions:
hypotensive sedative diaphoretic antispasmodic demulcent immune modulator hepatoprotective nervine
Linden - indications:
dry cough croup HTN stroke recovery high cholesterol/TGs fever/cold/flu
Hawthorne - indications:
circulatory problems not grounded/too grounded cardiac weakness, CAD, CHF arteriosclerosis angina pectoris arrhythmia emotional conditions of the "heart"
Hawthorne - part used:
flower
leaf
berries
bark
Hawthorne - constituents:
oligomeric procyanidins (OCPs)
flavonoids
triterpenoid sapogenins
amines
Hawthorne - actions:
astringent cardiotonic peripheral vasodilation relaxant hypotensive collagen stabilizer antioxidant
