hepatopatiile cronice Flashcards

1
Q

ce este hepatita?

A

inflamatia ficatului manifestata prin cresterea nivelului de transaminaze si modificari inflamatorii

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2
Q

care este criteriul de cronicizare a hepatitei?

A

persista mai mult de 6 luni

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3
Q

de ce apar manifestari clinice in hepatita cronica?

A

hipertensiune portala
afectarea functiei hepatocelulare
colestaza

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4
Q

care sunt manifestarile clinice ale hepatitei cronice?

A

encefalopatie
icter
epistaxis
semnele colestazei
ascita
neuropatie periferica
varice din cauza HT portale
petesii si echimozw
hipersplenomegalie
malnutritie si retard al dezvoltarii psihomotorii

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5
Q

ce este hepatita cronica B?

A

hepatopatie necroinflamatorie cronica (>6 lunni) cauzata de infectia persistenta cu virusul hepatic B

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6
Q

ce inseamna stare de purtator inactiv de AgHBs?

A

inf persistenta cu virus hepatic B fara modificari necroinflamatorii semnificative

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7
Q

ce inseamna exacerbare a hepatitei B?

A

cresterea tranzitorie a transaminazelor (10x peste limita superioara a normalului si x2 peste valorile anterioare ale pacientului)

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8
Q

cum se transmite hepatita b?

A

mame infectate pot transmite virusul nou-nascutilor (transmitere verticala)
prin lichidele corpului- sange, sperma, secr vaginale
contact sexual, inteparea accidentala cu ace contaminate, transfuzii sgv, transplant de organe

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9
Q

care sunt cele 3 metode de evolutie a hepatitei B la copil?

A

dezvolta imunitate
persista infectia=> duce in final la ciroza/HCC
forma fluminanta- deces

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10
Q

care sunt posibilele complicatii severe care apar mai tarziu in viata copilului cu hepatita cronica B?

A

ciroza
carcinomul hepatocelular

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11
Q

cei mai multi copii cu infectie cronica cu VHB sunt asimptomatici. A/F?

A

A

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12
Q

ce indica o alterare brusca a starii de sanatate a unui copil cu infectie cu VHB?

A

suprainfectie cu virusul hepatic D

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13
Q

care sunt obiectivele tratamentului in hepatita cronica B?

A

supresia replicarii virale
reducerea inflamatiei hepatice
reducerea fibrozei hepatice
reducerea riscului de progresie spre ciroza si HCC

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14
Q

cum se face profilaxia hepatitei b?

A

vaccinare
imunoglobuline specifice din plasma donatorilor cu titru crescut de anto-HBs

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15
Q

cum se transmite virusul hepatitei C?

A

parenteral
contact sexual
transmitere verticala de la mama la fat
in pana la 40% din cazuri nu se cunoaste calea de transmitere

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16
Q

atat hepatita C cronica cat si cea acuta sunt asimptomatice la copii. A/F?

A

A

17
Q

hepatita C fluminanta apare la un procent destul de mare de copii. A/F?

A

F- este rara

18
Q
A