Hepatology

Question 1

What is the correlation between hepatic copper and lead concentrations, is hepatic lead accumulation associated with any other clinicopathologic features?

Answer 1

Correlation of (rho) 0.7. Dogs with microcytosis had higher lead than without although there was no difference in lead concentrations between anaemic and non-anaemic animals.

https://paperpile.com/app/p/2d071975-5da9-0629-9698-071890ed2efa

Question 2

Which diseases are the following miRNA’s likely to be useful in distinguishing from other hepatobiliary diseases?

1) miR-122
2) miR-21 and miR-222
3) miR-200c
4) miR-126

Answer 2

• No difference in miRNA between dogs with adenoma and cPSS
• miR-122 increased in other diseases, particularly dogs with a mucocoele
• miR-21 and miR-222 were only increased in dogs with mucocoeles
• miR-200c was only increased in heaptocellular carcinoma
• miR-126 was only increased in the chronic hepatitis group

https://paperpile.com/app/p/a0e4246c-4fc3-00f8-9d25-b26e24e90149

Question 3

Freqency of cats and dogs undergoing haemodialysis and blood transfusion requirement, risk for requirement of transfusion and risk for death in relation to transfusion?

Answer 3

• 87% cats having haemodialysis had a blod transfusion
• 32% dogs having dialysis had a transfusion
• Nuber of transfusions increased risk of needing a transfusion in cats (OR 2.21) but not dogs
• Requirement for a blood transfusion was a risk factor for death in dogs (OR 3.1) but not in cats

Question 4

Whati is the effect of leukoreduction on phosphatidylserine expression and TXB2, PGF2a on stored canine whole blood units?

Answer 4

• No change in phosphatidylserine expression during leukoreduction, storage and transfusion for non-LR and LR samples.
• Immediate increase in TXB2 and PGF2a concentrations following leukoreduction but these decreased to non-LR levels following storage
• No change in 6-keto-PGF1a with leukoreduction

https://paperpile.com/app/p/35e9f5bd-6f7f-0a14-bd51-6ca087d84455

Question 5

What is the relationship between plasma and hepatic ET-1 in dogs with chronic hepatitis?

Answer 5

• Hepatic En-1 mRNIA 3.7x higher in dogs with CH
• Median hepatic and plasma ET higher in CH dogs compared to healthy
• Weak positive correlation between plasma ET-1 and splenic pulp pressure in dogs with CH

https://paperpile.com/app/p/f8aa7148-9b79-0b7c-a5c1-87ecdb2ecd02

Question 6

Use of CEUS washout ratio in dstinction of chronic hepatitis compared to non-inflammatory hepatic diseases

Answer 6

• Washout ratio was lower tan in other liver disorders
• Sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85.2% for prediction of hepatitis.

https://paperpile.com/app/p/75e6fdb5-2e31-0e59-a9cc-18f8b7d39fdd

Question 7

Agreemennt of pathologists in the assessment of hepatic histopathology

Answer 7

• Fair agreement for fibrosis
• Poor agreement for necroinflammatory activity

https://paperpile.com/app/p/dc8e7cef-dc0c-0555-ab08-ef6b4474a91d

Question 8

Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for US in predicting bile culture in dogs and cats

Answer 8

Key concept: abnormal gallbladder is sensitive but not specific for the precence of a positive bile culture in both dogs and cats. Therefore, a normal gallbladder makes it unlikely you will detect bacterial organisms but an abnormal galbladder does not mean that it wil definitely culture positive.

• Cats with an abnormal gallbladder on US had high sensitivity (96%) but low specificity (49%) for detection of bacterial organisms in bile culture.
• Cats with a normal gallbladder had a high NPV (96%) for positive bile culture.
• In dogs the sensitivty was 91% and specificity 31%
• PPV for positive bile culture in dogs was 20% and NPV 88%

https://paperpile.com/app/p/e59b21c0-c2e3-0a56-98ae-6bd86e768f10