Hepatitis Recap Flashcards
What is hepatitis?
Inflammation of the liver, destruction of hepatocytes
What are symptoms of hepatitis?
Jaundice- due to a build-up of bilirubin
Elevated levels of trans-aminases in the blood
What happened in 2017?
HBV vaccine was added to the routine vaccination programme in the United Kingdom
Which types of hepatitis are food-borne?
A and E
Developing chronic HCV?
The majority of people infected with HCV go on to develop chronic HCV infection= 60-80%
Developing chronic HBV?
The likelihood of developing chronic HBV decreases with age
HCV family?
Flaviviridae
HBV family?
Hepadnaviridae
HCV E1 function?
Fusion
HCV E2 function?
Attachment
HCV virion structure?
Lipoviroparticle
Contains lipids
Enveloped with embedded E1 and E2 glycoproteins
Contains an icosahedral capsid
IRES binds to?
40S ribosomal subunit
What is p7?
Ion channel which is involved in viral assembly and release
HCV is so genetically diverse that there are?
7 distinct genotypes
The HCV tropism is defined by?
Presence of miR-122
Post-entry regulation of tropism
Function of miR-122?
Binds to two regions in the 5’ NTR of the genome
Stabilises the genome
miR-122 can only be found expressed in?
Hepatocytes
What determines the tropism of HBV?
Presence of NTCP receptor
Pre-entry determination of tropism
NTCP receptor stands for?
Sodium co-transporting polypeptide
NTCP receptor can only be found on?
Hepatocytes
HCV entry?
Binding to low affinity receptors such as LDLR- low density lipoprotein receptors
Binding of E2 to SR-B1 scavenger receptor causes a conformational change in E2 allowing it to bind to CD81
CD81 forms a complex with tight junction proteins: claudin and occludin. This allows the receptor mediated endocytosis of HCV
Acidification of the endosome facilitates fusion
SR-B1 is what type of receptor?
Scavenger receptor