Henry VIII The break with Rome in the 1530's Flashcards
When did Wolsey fall from power?
1529
who replaced wolsey as lord chancellor
thomas more
What was Mores attitude to the divorce?
he less of a yes man than wolsey. he was sympathetic to catherine of aragon. he was against protestant reform and lutherans and testified against them
when did henry first seek a divorce from catherine
1527
when did henry get a divorce from catherine
1533
how did henry want to get a divorce before the break with rome?
in the 1520s he wanted this to happen by reforming the catholic church, he was even supporting catholic church in a time of anti-clericalism, e.g. he wrote the book ‘in defence of the 7 sacraments’ and was awarded title defender of the faith
however, as his relationship with the pope worsened he became more interested in protestant ideas, william tyndale wrote a book saying the king had authority above the pope basically, and henry was given a copy from anne
how did henrys campaign for a divorce change between 1529 and 1534
- Initially, he put pressure on the pope and English clergy to grant the divorce
-Then he started challenging the pope over who should control the english church
how did henry get the clergy on his side for recognising him as head of church?
1530/31
revived the laws of praemunire and charged 15 members of upper clergy, then pardoned them under the condition that they recognise him as head of the church
in 1532 what else did henry do to get the clergy on his side
-Cromwell introduced ‘supplication against the ordinaries’ a petition calling henry to deal with the corruption of the clergy
-henry demanded the church should agree to ‘submission of the clergy’ a document giving him power to veto church laws and choose bishops without popes approval
when did henry marry anne boleyn
1533
in 1533 what was the act in restraint of appeals
-passed by parliament, month after henrys secret marriage to anne
-denying henrys subjects the right to appeal decisions of the english church to the pope
-this meant catherine couldnt appeal to rome for her case to be heard there
-Basically forbidding appeals to rome
when was the court held granting the divorce to henry
1533
after act of restraint of appeals it was relatively simple, a court was held under archbishop cranmer and the scripture argument was used about the marriage to arthur making henrys marriage invalid
what was the 1534 act of royal supremacy
-Acknowledged king as head of the church, the word ‘acknowledged’ is key because it suggests that he had always been head of the church and this act was just recognising it
what act was made to enforce the act of royal supremacy?
Treason act, made denial of royal supremacy a crime punishable by death
what were implications of the act of royal supremacy
-this act wasnt as crazy as it may seem, it had long been accepted that the popes job was just to confirm the decisions made by the king
-however it helped henry and cromwell in dissolving monasteries
when was the upper clergy charged with praemunire (aknowledging the pope as head of church above king)
1530
pardoned in 1531
what key events happened in 1533
-Marriage of Anne Boleyn
- Anne Boleyns pregnancy and the birth of Elizabeth
-Act of restraint of appeals
-Marriage to Catherine declared invalid
what key acts happed in 1534?
Act of Royal supremacy+act of treason
