Henry VII religious ideas Flashcards
Religion of England during H7?
Catholic- under jurisdiction of Pope
Mass was said for Pope but what was more important was the individual religious experience
How many parish churches were there?
8000
How did the church provide entertainment?
Festivals provided much needed enjoyment
Charity work allowed for ordinary people to contribute to the good of their local community
Define Erastian?
In H7 reign the state was believed to have control over the church, therefore the Pope did little to intervene
How did Henry use the wealth of the church?
To reward churchmen to whom he had given high political office
How was the COE administered?
Through two provinces Canterbury and York- each under the jurisdiction of a bishop and 17 dioceses
Most powerful church men?
Richard Fox and John Morton
Abbot?
Head of wealthiest religious
Shared membership in the House of Lords with Bishops
Qualities of an abbot?
Had to have a range of management and administrative skills to keep their complex organisations running effectively
What did the Church provide?
A framework for how an individual should think, reason and behave
What did the church in religious terms offer?
Various ways by which an individual could acquire grace in order to reach heaven and minimise the time a soul would spend in purgatory
7 sacraments?
Baptism Confirmation Marriage Anointing the sick Penance Holy Orders Eucharist
What did 7 sacraments help?
A person to reach heaven
What did mass involve?
Climax was priest consecrated the bread and wine- body and blood of Christ- transubstantiation
Priest consumed both bread and wine
Why was mass important?
Sacrifice performed by the priest on behalf of the community
Ritual in which the whole community participated
Importance of Corpus Christi- Catholic feast
How did lay people invest in the church?
Paid for the rebuilding of churches
Paid for the objects used in the ceremonies
Dying would leave money to church
Purpose of the dying leaving money to the Church?
Enhance beauty of worship
Ensure remembrance of benefactor
Reduce time benefactor would spend in purgatory
Function of a chantry?
Say prayers on behalf of the dead- role of priest to intervene with God on behalf of an individual
Confraternity?
Men and sometimes women who gathered together to provide collectively for funeral costs of members
Pay for chaplains at Masses for their members
Help maintain church fabrics
Method of raising money for church?
Church-ale festivals - involved drinking and a range of entertainments. Ales made and donated to the event were the chief drink
What was a Pilgrimage?
A journey to a place of religious devotion- Could involve visiting the tomb of a saint or a shrine building
Method of gaining relief from Purgatory
Simpler form of pilgrimage?
Rogation Sunday- walking around the parish boundaries to pray for protection, carrying banners and the parish cross to ward off evil spirits and reinforce parish property
Where was individual religious experience emphasised?
In writing of mystics- believed in the personal communication of an individual with God- shown through Henry’s mother who piety was reflected in her widespread donations to Cambridge
What percent of adult males were monks?
1%
How many religious communities were there?
900
Monks in larger houses?
From wealthier aspects of society
Monks predominately recruited from their own localities
3 types of Friars?
Augustinians, Franciscans and Dominicans
Significance of Friars?
Harper bill argued that the great day of Friars was over
Lollards?
Placed stress on understanding the Bible and therefore favoured its translation into English
Sceptical of transubstantiation and Eucharist
Considered the Catholic church as corrupt
Influence of Lollards?
Lost significance after failed uprising in 1414
Less in numbers
Lost intellectual coherence
Geographically restricted
When did Erasmus first visit England?
1499
How did Erasmus want to reform Christianity?
Emphasis on education
Rejection of some of Church’s traditional ceremonies
Influence of humanism in H7 reign?
Had little influence
Intellectual life continued to be dominated by traditional medieval scholastic philosophy
How many new grammar schools were founded?
53
Who received education?
There was ample provision for wealthy, access to education depended on where you lived
What was central to grammar school curriculum?
Latin
English was a by product to Latin
University education?
Cambridge and Oxford
Cambridge in this period has vast expansions- Henry’s mothers contributions
Most important art?
Drama
Plays at church-ale festivals- included religious and moral messages
Troops of players toured the country sponsored by the nobility
How was music enjoyed?
Bag pipes and wind groups
Bawdy drinking songs
Carols for Christmas
Music was performed at houses of wealthy and at court
Eton Choirbook?
Collection of 93 compositions
Architecture of church buildings?
Gothic perpendicular style
Large windows- emphasis on vertical lines
Example of gothic perpendicular style?
H7 approved this style for Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey
Willam Caxton?
Founder of printing press 1478
What did Caxton print?
Chivalric romances and adaptations of saint lives
Became less popular around the time of Henry’s death when humanism was gaining influence and Erasmus was becoming more popular
