Henry VII- English society Flashcards
who were the gentry?
gentlemen who lived in large houses in the country; provided armies for war:
- greater gentry were great landowners
who were yeomen?
farmers; owned or rented land in the country
who were the nobility?
the nobility dominated landownership who were entitled to sit in the house of lords. Henry controlled the nobility through bonds and recognisances
what was the importance of the church under H7?
had both a spiritual role and as a great landowner. England was a Catholic country and churchmen had a dual allegiance to both the pope and the king
who were the most well-known royal councillors?
John Morton and Richard Fox
what caused both the Yorkshire and Cornish rebellions?
taxation
- Yorkshire= tax for France war
- Cornish= tax for Scotland war
what were the causes of the Yorkshire rebellion?
sparked by a resentment of the taxation granted by parliament in 1489 in order to finance an army for the Brittany campaign. The Earl of Northumberland was murdered by his tenants when his retainers deserted him
when and what happened in the Cornish rebellion?
1497- arose from the need to finance the campaign against Scotland. A mob protested against the taxation, blaming the king and ministers such as Morton and Bray. The uprising was a more serious threat to Henry’s rule than the Yorkshire rebellion because:
- large numbers involved
- Perkin Warbeck attempted to exploit the rebellion
- A march on London reached Blackheath
what were the implications for Henry of the Cornish rebellion?
- in the short term he had to withdraw Lord Daubeney and his troops from the Scottish border to crush the rebellion
- in the long term he had to ensure Anglo-Scottish tensions were eased
when was the Yorkshire rebellion?
1489
what happened in the Yorkshire rebellion?
- Earl of Northumberland sent by Henry was killed by rebels
- rebels asked for a pardon but king sent 8000 soldiers north led by Earl of Surrey
- rebels dispersed and leader John à Chambre was hanged for treason
