Henry 8th Government Flashcards
Need to do some bit on privy chamber but don’t understand
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What was the function of parliament in 1509
Continuity of Henry 7th
Pass laws
Grant taxes
How many times was parliament called and in which years
7 times
1510, 1514, 1516, 1523 - revenue
1536 x2 , 1540, 1544, 1545 - legislation
Why did Wolsey only use parliament once
He didn’t like it as had less control
What was abolished in 1510
Abolished the council learned
What is a conciliar government
Government where decisions are made by the council
When in Henry’s reign did he use a conciliar government
1509-1514
Why did Henry split from conciliar government
Disenchanted with senior members of clergy (too conservative)
Wanted more dominance
Surrounded by younger courtiers
Impressed by Wolsey in the French campaign
What was Wolsey’s position like by 1514
Emerged as the politically dominant figure due to close relationship to king and similar hands off approach is the nitty gritty work of the king
What were Wolsey’s main concerns (5)
Management of church
Foreign relations
Legal system
Domestic policy
Political decisions
When was Wolsey in dominance
1514-1529
What was the court of chancery? Led by?
A common law court for things such as enclosure, land , contracts etc
Led by Wolsey as lord chancellor was responsible for legal system
Was too popular and became slow due to so many cases
What was the court of the star chamber
Wolsey’s most distinctive legal system
Centre of government and justice
Very popular
When was the court of the star chamber established
1487
What were the 2 elements to Wolsey’s financial domestic policies
Tudor subsides
Eldham ordinance
What was the Tudor subsidy? When was it used?
For extraordinary, Wolsey set up a national committee to oversee collection
More realistic expectations for tax payers
Used to pay for war in France but not enough so led to amicable grant
What was the eldham ordinance
Reform of the finances of the privy council by a reduction of gentlemen of the privy including removing the groom of the stool
What was the kings great matter
Secure an annulment from Catherine of Aragon
What were the effects of the kings great matter
Short term led to fall of Wolsey
Long term led to establishment of royal supremacy
When did Henry start becoming u happy with Catherine
1520s
Catherine past child bearing age and he’d fallen in love with Anne Boleyn
How did Wolsey try to secure the annulment
1527
Sets up fake court where they accuse Henry of living in sin
Doesn’t work as Catherine appeals to the pope
How did wolseys fall occur
Knew his fate depended on annulment
Pope knew this so tried to play for time (1527-29)
1529- sends envoy campeggio to hear Wolsey’s case, however it is adjourned on the 30th July (6 days)
Wolsey had failed
When was Wesley arrested
4th November 1530
Why was Wolsey unpopular
Due to amicable grant, Tudor subsidy and too much power
What was Wolsey charged with
Praemenurie
When was Cromwell in power
1532-1540
What happens between Wolsey and Cromwell
1529-1532
No attempts made to solve great matter
How does Cromwell come to power
1532
Promised to secure annulment and suggests break from Rome to become head of church
What does Cromwell change in government
Brings conciliar government to an end
(Changed it to something but I forgot what it’s called)
When was the reformation parliament
1529-1536
Why was Cromwells job easier than Wolsey’s
Humanism weakened church
Henry had copies of the collecteana san copiosa which had reasons for annulment
He had advisors and scholars find more reasons for divorce
What do Henry and Cromwell do in 1531-32
Try to pressure the pope
Eg act in conditional restrain of annates- withheld income of the bishop in the first year
How does marriage to Anne Boleyn influence the changes in the government
She becomes pregnant before marriage - pushing Henry to decision
Who replaces the Archbishop of Canterbury
Thomas Cranmer
When do Henry and Anne marry
Jan 1533
When is the kgm solved
May 1533
What are the 4 acts of parliament in 1533-34 (see religion pack for more detail)
Act in restraint of appeals
Act of succession
Act of supremacy
Act of annexing first fruits and tenths
How did the fall of anne Boleyn occur
Cromwell was threatened by Anne in court and with Henry
Convinced Henry that her flirtatious manner meant aduktery
Seen as treason so executed in 1536
How did the fall of Cromwell occur
1540- declining Influence due to trying to reunite Henry with league of shmalkden (German) by marriage to Anne of cleeves. Not pretty and not politically same
Cromwell loses his credibility and Duke of Norfolk exploits this
Executed in 1540
When was conciliar government restored
1539-1540
However now different as privy council now had fixed role
What was the Duke of Norfolk’s role in the last years of Henry’s government
He was uncle to Catherine Howard
However she was done for adultery in 1542
Left Norfolk isolated
Later his son tried to take the throne so Norfolk is executed
What do the nobility do when Henry is dying
Need to be the kings most influential advisor to have control over next king who was only 9
Edward Seymour Duke of Somerset wins as uncle to Edward
What does conciliar government change to in 1514
Principle minister
What area of government did Wolsey not control
Privy council
Called them the kings minions
