Henry 7th Governmnet Flashcards
What are the 3 types of councillor
Nobility (eg daubeney )
Churchmen (eg Richard fox)
Laymen (eg Dudley)
What are the 3 main functions of the council
Advise the king
Administer the realm on behalf of the king
Make legal judgement s
Who are the council learned
The main offshoot of the council for maintaining the kings revenue and exploiting his prerogative rights
Who led the council learned
Sir Reginald bray
What is the difference between the council and great council
Council - permanent
Great council - not permanent and doesn’t involve House of Commons
What was wrong with the council learned
Shady operation
No chance to appeal trials and not a proper court of law
Who was the kings most influential advisor
Lady Margaret Beaufort
(His mother )
Who replaced Reginald bray and when
1503 when he died
Epsom joined dudley to maintain huge financial control
What was royal court
Wherever the king was
Really luxurious as money showed power
Relied on heavily in Tudor times
What were the three levels in court
Household proper
The chamber
The privy chamber
What was the household proper for
Looking after guests
What was the chamber for
Public dining and guests
Centre of patronage and communication
Presided by lord chamberlain
What was the privy chamber
Private chamber for king to reside
Met closest friends and advisors there
Distanced himself from many
Who was Henry’s lord chamberlain and what did he do
Sir William Stanley
Helped warbeck
When was Henry’s first parliament
November 1485
What was the function of parliament
Grant tax
Pass laws
How many times did Henry hold parliament
Only 7
When was Henry’s last parliament and what happened in it
1504
Promised to not ask for anymore extraordinary revenue as he’d already raised 400,000 and it was causing too many rebellions (Yorkshire and Cornish)
What sorts of things were passed by parliament (3)
Acts of attainder (family can lose rights to your land if go against the king)
Tonnage and poundage (customs revenue)
Extraordinary revenue in the form of fifteenths and tenths
What were the main years fifteenths and tenths were raised
1487
1489
1491
1497
What were Henry’s 2 domestic policies
Justice and maintenance of order
Improving royal finance
How was order kept in England
Magnates - trusted nobility to oversee counties (eg the Stanley and earl of Northumberland)
Nobility - earl of Oxford or lord daubeney
Justice of the peace
Bonds and recognisances
What were the justice of the peace
Maintained law and order in the county
Met 4 times a year
Unpaid and had a sense of duty or wanted prestige
What is a bond
Written agreement of money owed if the noble broke the law
What is a recognisance
Formal acknowledgment of the debt owed
How did bonds and recogniances help maintain law and order
Used to defeat laws
He forced subjects to take out bonds
Some due to debt but most were political
Why was controlling the nobility important
Nobles had a lot of land which meant power which meant they could potentially kick him off the throne
How did Henry control the nobles
Issue rewards and threats
Carrot and stick policy
What were the sticks (4)
Feudal dues (wardship,marriage,livery,relief)
Retaining (limits army)
Bonds and recogniances
Crown lands (take back land)
What were the carrots
Patronage
Order of the garter
Position in court
Acts of attainder
What were the sources of royal income (4)
Extraordinary revenue
Custom revenue
Crown lands
Stick profits
How did foreign policy benefit finances
1492 treaty of etaples grants French pension
What was Henry’s main source of income
Crown lands
At start of reign 12,000 per year
1492 - 42,000 per year
What was Henry’s nickname and why
The winter king
Because he saved so much money
But left huge inheritance to Henry 8th
