Heme-Onc Emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
Warfarin OD- Sx
A
- Unstoppable bleeding d/t absence of vit K coag factors
- Warfarin induced skin necrosis
2
Q
Warfarin- OD- Tx
A
- Oral vit K to correct
- ## IV if oral not possible- causes anaphylaxis rxn
3
Q
Sickle cell crisis- Sx
A
- Diffuse joint, muscle and bone pain (Dactylitis, acute chest pain, stroke)
- Anorexia, vomiting, fever
- Infarction to soft tissue, bone
- Aspelenic crisis
- Precipitated by infection, cold, dehydration
4
Q
Sickle cell crisis- Tx
A
- Opioids for acute pain- morphine
- Aggressive rehydration
- Monitor abd, chest, spleen and kidneys
5
Q
Transfusion reaction- Sx
A
- Acute: Hypotension, dyspnea, tachycardia. Sx of shock
- Coagulopathy
- Renal failure
- Pulm edema, bronchospasm
- Febrile: Onset of fever in hrs of transfusion
- Fever plus rigors, myalgia, dyspnea and chest pain
- Allergic: Pruritus, anaphylaxis, wheezing
6
Q
Transfusion reaction- Tx
A
- Immediately stop transfusion
- Hydration for diuresis
- Tx symptoms
7
Q
Tumor lysis syndrome- Sx
A
- Acute kidney injury
- Hyperuricemia- uric acid formation
- hyperkalemia (arrhythmias and death)
- hyperphosphatemia(N/V seizures)
- Hypocalcemia
- Acidosis and renal failure
8
Q
Tumor lysis syndrome- Tx
A
- Allopurinol
- Hydration
- Correct electrolyte imbalances
9
Q
Superior vena cava syndrome- Sx
A
- Elevated JVP
- Facial swelling, dyspnea, arm swelling
- Hoarse voice
- Syncope
10
Q
Superior vena cava syndrome- Tx
A
- Elevate head
- Radiation tx
- Stenting
11
Q
Hypercalcemia- Sx
A
- Anorexia, fatigue, N, constipation
- Hyporeflexia,
- confusion, psychosis
- Tremor
12
Q
Hypercalcemia- Tx
A
- IV fluids to correct dehydration
- Calcium excretion- bisphosphanates Pamidronate
13
Q
Fever and neutropenia in CA- Sx
A
- Fever >100.4
- Hx of CA, recent chemo
- Unable to create pus at site of infxn
14
Q
Fever and neutropenia in CA- Tx
A
- Broad spectrum abx if severely ill- cephalosporin or levofloxacin
- If not chemo recently than no abs
