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Hematology 1 > Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Process of blood cell formation

A

Hematopoiesis / Hemopoiesis

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2
Q

Classical marker of hematopoietic stem cells

A

CD 34

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3
Q

When does Hematopoiesis start ?

A

19th Day of embryonic development following fertilization

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4
Q

1st blood cell formed during the first 2-8 weeks of life

A

Primitive erythroblasts

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5
Q

Hemoglobin in primitive erythroblasts

A

Gower 1, Gower 2, Portland

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6
Q

First fully developed organ in the fetus

A

Thymus

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7
Q

Predominant Hemoglobin in Hepatic phase of Hematopoiesis

A

Hb F

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8
Q

What are the three phases of hematopoiesis

A
  1. Megaloblastic / Mesoblastic
  2. Hepatic
  3. Myeloid / Intermedullary / Medullary
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9
Q

Process of replacing red marrow by yellow marrow during development (between 5-7 years of age)

A

Retrogression

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10
Q

Situations wherein yellow marrow can revert back to its active state

A

Hemolysis and excessive blood loss

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11
Q

Site wherein Red marrow and Yellow marrow can be seen

A 
RSVP 
Ribs 
Sternum 
Vertebrae 
Pelvis and Proximal ends of the long bones
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12
Q

In adults there is approximately _ % of yellow marrow and _ % of red marrow

A

50: 50

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13
Q

Hematopoietically active marrow

A

Red marrow

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14
Q

Prevalent cells in the yellow marrow

A

Adipocytes

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15
Q

Primary lymphoid organs

A

Bone marrow and thymus

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16
Q

Major secondary lymphoid organs

A

Spleen and Lymph nodes

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17
Q

Largest secondary lymphoid organ

A

Spleen

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18
Q

Increased hemolytic activity of the spleen caused by splenomegaly

A

Hypersplenism

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19
Q

Responsible for extramedullary Hematopoiesis as response to infectious agents or in pathologic myelofibrosis

A

Liver and Spleen

20
Q

Preferred site for BM aspiration in adults

A

Posterior / Anterior superior iliac crest

21
Q

Preferred site for BM aspiration in children less than 2 years of age

A

Tibia

22
Q

Normal M:E ratio in adults

myeloid: erythroid

A

2:1 to 4:1

23
Q

M:E ratio of patients with leukemia

A

10:1

24
Q

Recommended cells to be counted in the marrow differential

A

At least 500 cells * preferably 1,000 cells

25
Q

Bone marrow removed intact without disturbing the bone architecture

A

Bone marrow biopsy

* BM aspirate - disturbs bone marrow architecture

26
Q

BM smears should be kept for how long ?

A

10 years

27
Q

Specimen used for cell morphology from the bone marrow

A

Bone marrow aspirate

28
Q

Blood cell production outside the bone marrow

A

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis

29
Q

Blood cell production inside the bone marrow

A

Medullary Hematopoiesis

30
Q

Characteristic of extramedullary Hematopoiesis

A

Hepatomegaly and/or Splenomegaly

31
Q

Process of RBC formation

A

erythropoiesis

32
Q

Site of erythropoiesis

A

Bone marrow

33
Q

What is the phase name of aorta-gonad mesonephros region?

A

Mesoblastic Phase

34
Q

What is the major site of adult blood formation in the embryo?

A

Yolk sac

35
Q

Suckling pig phenomenon

A

RBCs ingest iron from macrophage

36
Q

What are the 2 uses of macrophages?

A
  1. Adhesion (para ‘di maagang lumabas si RBC nang maaga)

2. Cytokines (RBC communicate through cytokines)

37
Q

_ mL of blood per minute passes through the spleen

A

350 mL

38
Q

Difference of culling and pitting

A

Culling - killing

Pitting - only remove certain defective parts

39
Q

Physiologic cell destruction occurs in:

A
  1. Liver - Kupffer cells

2. Spleen - Culling & pitting

40
Q

Fraction of platelets stored in the spleen

A

1/3

41
Q

Fraction of WBCs stored in the spleen

A

1/4

42
Q

Removal of the spleen

A

Splenectomy

43
Q

Spleen killed itself

A

Autosplenectomy

44
Q

The condition that causes autosplenectomy

A

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

45
Q

Origin of hematopoietic progenitor cells that is believed now

A

Monophyletic theory

46
Q

Precursor vs Progenitor

A

Precursor: Dedicated to a certain cell (Distinguished)
Progenitor: General (Not distinguished)

Hematology 1 (13 decks)

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