Hematology DDx Flashcards
High fever, shaking chills due to systemic lysis of RBC, hepatosplenomegaly, abdominal pain, myalgia, headache and cough?
Malaria
Chills ever 48 hours?
Chills every 72 hours?
Chills in daily spikes with no pattern?
48 hours - P. vivax and P. ovale
72 hours - P. malariae
Daily spikes w/ no pattern - P. falciparum
Malaria with seizures and coma, severe anemia, acute renal failure, acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome is caused by which pathogen?
P. falciparum
Microscopy of blood samples in Malaria should be examined at ___ to ___ hour intervals ___x times and a _______ stain with a thick smear indicates infection
12-24 hour intervals
Giemsa stain with thick smear indicates infection
Malaria rapid antigen detection tests have ___% sensitivity and ___% specificity.
98% sensitivity
99% specificity
_________ is the drug used to treat malaria
Hydroxychloroquine
_________ anti-malarial medication should not be combined with the CHF drug _____ or with the drinking _______.
Hydroxychloroquine should not be combined with the CHF drug Digoxin or with drinking alcohol
_________ anti-malarial medication is contraindicated in _______ or _________ field changes and should not be used _____-______ in children
Hyroxychloroquine medication is contraindicated in retinal or visual field changes and should not be used long-term in children
Hydoroxychloroquine is / is not contraindicated in pregnancy?
Hydoroxychloroquine is not CI in pregnancy
Adverse effects of Hydroxychloroquine include _______opathy, _____ loss, ________ (causes rash), ear symptoms of ________. Long term use leads to myopathy.
Retinopathy
Hair loss
Photosensitivity causes rash
Tinnitus
Warm skin d/t ________ of blood vessels, bounding pulse d/t ________ cardiac output, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to ________ infiltration into the _________ of the lungs, and DIC along with fever, chills, shortness of breath, fatigue, malaise, anxiety and confusion are signs of what condition?
Warm skin d/t vasodilation
Bounding pulse d/t increased cardiac output
ARD d/t neutrophil infiltration into the alveolae of the lungs and DIC along with fever, chills, shortness of breath, fatigue, malaise, anxiety and confusion are signs of Septicemia
In septicemia, temperature shows ______, respiration is _________, pulse is _______, BP is _________ and there are signs of _______.
Temperature Fever Respiration Tachypnic Pulse Tachycardic BP Hypotensive Signs of infection
Lab workups for septicemia are aimed at dealing with shock, bleeding, infection, impact on metabolism, and major organ systems. What labs make sense?
All of them CBC w/ differential Electrolytes BUN / Creatinine Liver enzymes INR / PTT Blood cultures Urine culture and sensitivity Culture any wounds
Emergency treatment for septicemia should include supplemental __________, supportive IV ______ and IV _________.
Oxygen
Fluids
Antibiotics
Lymphadenitis is caused by any of three processes. _______ of immune cells within the node; _______ of cells from outside the node; or _______ of an infection into local lymph nodes.
Lymphadenitis is caused by any of three processes. multiplication of immune cells within the node; infiltration of cells from outside the node; or drainage of an infection into local lymph nodes.