Cardiovascular - Heart Sounds

Question 1

Dilated cardiomyopathy heart sound?

Answer 1

S3 and S4 in left and right side

Question 2

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy heart sounds and murmurs?

Answer 2

Split S2, S4
Harsh systolic ejection (crescendo / decrescendo) along LLSB or apex, best heard during Valsalva when there is increased intrathoracic pressure

Question 3

Restrictive cardiomyopathy heart sounds?

Answer 3

Normal S1 and S2

S3 (loud early diastolic filling sound) may be present

Question 4

Identify heart pumping events and associated sounds

Answer 4

Diastole - - Ventricles fill
Systole - - Ventricles Contract

S1 - Mitral and Tricuspid valves closes after diastole completes and ventricles are filled

Ejection - Aortic and Pulmonic valves open - (pulmonic ejection click heard after S1 in Pulmonic Stenosis)

S2 - Aortic and Pulmonic Valves close after systole completes

Opening sound - Diastole opens mitral and tricuspid valves

S3 - Early diastolic filling sound indicating rapid ventricular filling

S4 - Sound of atrial contraction immediately prior to S1

Question 5

Endocarditis, myocarditis and pericarditis murmurs?

Answer 5

Endocarditis - - Regurgitation murmurs

Myocarditis and Pericarditis - - Pericardial friction rub - grating, rasping, scratching) 3 part rub in systole, early and late diastole

Question 6

Left sided CHF heart sounds murmurs and lung sounds?

Answer 6

S3 (loud early diastolic filling sound)
Mitral regurgitation murmur also possible
Crackles on lung auscultation

Question 7

Right sided CHF heart sounds, murmurs and lung sounds?

Answer 7

S3 (loud early diastolic filling sound)
Tricuspid regurgitation murmur
May hear left sided sounds like mitral regurgitation and crackles on lung auscultation

Question 8

Aortic stenosis murmur? Where is heard?

Answer 8

Crescendo-decrescendo ejection murmur at 2nd right interspace
Musical sound at apex
S3, S4

Question 9

Aortic stenosis murmur radiates to where?

Answer 9

Murmur radiates to right clavicle and both carotid arteries

Question 10

Aortic stenosis sound heard at apex?

Answer 10

Musical sound at apex

Question 11

Aortic stenosis additional heart sounds?

Answer 11

S3 (loud, early diastolic filling) and S4

Question 12

Mitral stenosis characteristic sound?

Answer 12

Loud opening snap when leaflets of mitral valve open abruptly after S2

Question 13

Mitral stenosis murmur occurs when?

Answer 13

Diastolic murmur in Mitral Stenosis

Question 14

Mitral stenosis murmur sounds like what?

Answer 14

Decrescendo low pitch murmur - sound like a rumble

Question 15

Mitral stenosis murmur increases with what?

Answer 15

Increases after Valsalva and when squatting

Question 16

Pulmonary stenosis characteristic sound?

Answer 16

Pulmonary ejection click when early after S1 and before S2

Ejection is when Pulmonic (and Aortic) valve opens

S1 is sound of mitral and tricuspid valves closing at end of diastole

S2 is sound of aortic and pulmonic valves closing after systole