Hematology

Question 1

Lymph

Answer 1

Extra fluid not taken up by capillary beds spread throughout body
Movement of fluid based on hydrostatic (pressure) and oncotic (osmolality) forces
Contains proteins, foreign particles, and few lymphocytes

Question 2

Lymph nodes

Answer 2

Filter fluid within the tissue and fight off infection
Aggregates of lymphocytes from tissues

Question 3

Lymph flow

Answer 3

Initial lymphatics- open ended tubes through which fluid enters easily, drain into collecting lymphatics that prevent back flow with valves
Collecting lymphatics- surrounded by smooth muscle to move lymph via coordinated motion of peristalsis, helped by contraction of skeletal muscle

Question 4

Right lymphatic duct

Answer 4

Drains all lymph originating from right side of body above diaphragm (right arm and right half of neck, face, chest, upper back)
Empties into right subclavian vein near junction of right subclavian vein and right internal jugular vein

Question 5

Thoracic duct

Answer 5

Drains lymph from rest of body
Empties into left subclavian vein near its junction with the left internal jugular vein

Question 6

Papa aortic nodes

Answer 6

Drain the kidneys, ovaries, uterus (in women)

Question 7

Inferior mesenteric

Answer 7

Drains the colon, from the splenic flesher to upper rectum

Question 8

Internal iliac

Answer 8

Drains lower rectum and prostate

Question 9

Superficial inguinal

Answer 9

Drains anal canal and scrotum

Question 10

Lymph in small intestine

Answer 10

Usually milky white due to fat and protein rich macromolecules called chylomicrons (imbue lymph with white milk appearance)