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Fall 2022 > Anatomy Week 5 > Flashcards

Anatomy Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Cremaster m. Origin

A

Internal abdominal oblique muscle and inguinal ligament

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2
Q

Cremaster m. Insertion

A

Tunica vaginalis of testis

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3
Q

Cremaster m. Action

A

Elevation and depression of scrotum to regulate temp of testes

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4
Q

Cremaster m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Cremasteric a.

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5
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Origin

A

External surfaces and inferior border of fifth to twelfth ribs

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6
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Insertion

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Anterior half of iliac crest,
Pubic crest, pubic tubercle
Linea alba

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7
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Action

A

Flexes, laterally flexes, and rotates trunk

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8
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of seventh to twelfth thoracic nerves
Lower posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., deep circumflex iliac a., superior and inferior epigastric aa.

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9
Q

Internal oblique m. Origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament

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10
Q

Internal oblique m. Insertion

A

Inferior margins of twelfth to tenth ribs and adjacent costal cartilages, linea alba, pecten pubis

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11
Q

Internal oblique m. Action

A

Flexes, laterally flexes, rotates trunk

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12
Q

Internal oblique m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of seventh to twelfth thoracic nerves, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves
Lower posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., deep circumflex iliac a., superior and inferior epigastric aa.

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13
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Origin

A

Pubic crest and symphysis

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14
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Insertion

A

Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of fifth to seventh ribs

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15
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Action

A

Flexes trunk

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16
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of sixth to twelfth thoracic nerves
Superior and inferior epigastric aa

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17
Q

Linea alba

A

Thick white band that extends from the Xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis
Midline of abdominal wall

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18
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Origin

A

Costal cartilages of seventh to twelfth ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament

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19
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Insertion

A

Linea alba, pubic crest, pectin pubis

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20
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Action

A

Compresses and provides structural support for abdominal structures

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21
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of seventh to twelfth thoracic nerves, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves
Lower posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., deep circumflex iliac a., superior and inferior epigastric aa.

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22
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Origin

A

First lumbar nerve

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23
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Course

A

Obliquely toward iliac crest

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24
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Branches

A

Anterior and lateral cutaneous

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25
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Supplies

A

Skin of hypo gastric and gluteal regions

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26
Q

Illioinguinal n. Origin

A

First lumbar nerve

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27
Q

Illioinguinal n. Course

A

Inferior to iliohypogastric n. And along inguinal canal towards genitals

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28
Q

Ilioinguinal n. Branches

A

Anterior scrotal n. (Males)
Arterial labial n. (Female)

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29
Q

Ilioinguinal n. Supplies

A

Motor Innervation to internal abdominal oblique muscle
Sensory Innervation from scrotum and root of penis (males) or mons pubis and labium majus (females)

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30
Q

Right recurrent laryngeal n. Origin

A

Vagus nerve

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31
Q

Right recurrent laryngeal n. Course

A

Under then posterior to subclavian artery ascending lateral to trachea and ending in larynx

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32
Q

Right recurrent laryngeal n. Supplies

A

Visceral sensation from larynx, esophagus, trachea, heart and lung
Muscles of the larynx (except cricothyroid)

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33
Q

Sympathetic chain ganglia (paravertebral ganglion)

A

Four groups based on located: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

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34
Q

Greater thoracic splanchnic n. Origin

A

T5-T9 nerves

35
Q

Greater thoracic splanchnic n. Course

A

Anteriorly and inferiorly from thoracic sympathetic chain, piercing diaphragm, running down abdomen to Celia and superior mesenteric ganglia

36
Q

Greater thoracic splanchnic n. Supplies

A

Vessels and viscera associated with celiac trunk (liver, gallbladder, spleen, foregut)

37
Q

Rami communicants

A

Originate from sympathetic trunk (chain)
Insert posteriorly to adjacent spinal nerve

38
Q

Brachiocephalic trunk

A

Originates from aortic arch, ascends posterolateral to the right
Branches into right common carotid and right subclavian aa.
Supplies right side of head , neck, and right upper limb

39
Q

Bronchial aa.

A

Supply bronchi and lower trachea passing along posterior sides of the bronchi
Distribute also to adjacent lymph nodes and pulmonary vessels

40
Q

Inferior epigastric a. Origin

A

External iliac a.

41
Q

Inferior epigastric a. Course

A

Superiorly within rectus sheath

42
Q

Inferior epigastric a. Branches

A

Pubic branch, accessory obturator a., artery of round ligament of uterus (female) or cremasteric artery (males)

43
Q

Inferior epigastric a. Supplies

A

Anterolateral abdominal wall and external genitalia

44
Q

Left common carotid a.

A

Originates from aortic arch (left) or brachiocephalic trunk (right)
Ascends in superior mediastinum (left only) and in the neck
Branches into external and internal carotid aa.
Supplies head and neck

45
Q

Left subclavian a.

A

Originates from aortic arch (left) or brachiocephalic trunk (right) and ascends superior mediastinum and enters neck
Branches into vertebral, internal thoracic, dorsal scapular aa, costocervical and thyrocervical trunks
Supplies thoracic wall, neck, spinal cord, brain, meninges, upper limb

46
Q

Posterior intercostal aa.

A

Eleven pairs traveling in 11 intercostal spaces
First two arise from supreme intercostal a., branch of costocervical a.
Remaining arise from posterolateral descending thoracic aorta
Right arteries longer than left, travel over their vertebral bodies

47
Q

Pulmonary aa.

A

Carry deoxygenated blood to lungs
Through pulmonary trunk which divides at T5 level, forms right and left pulmonary aa.

48
Q

Superficial epigastric a.

A

Originates from femoral a.
Courses superomedially through umbilicus
Supplies subcutaneous tissue of inguinal region and inferior abdominal wall

49
Q

Accessory hemiazygos v. Origin

A

Union of fourth to eight posterior intercostal veins

50
Q

Accessory hemiazygos v. Course

A

Descends in posterior mediastinum and join azygos vein at level of T7 vertebra

51
Q

Accessory hemiazygos v. Drainage

A

Thoracic walls and tracheobronchiol tree

52
Q

Azygos v. Origin

A

Union of right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins

53
Q

Azygos v. Course

A

Ascends in posterior mediastinum to join SVC

54
Q

Azygos v. Drainage

A

Thoracic and abdominal walls, esophagus, bronchi and trachea

55
Q

Azygos arch

A

Venous valve at the site of azygos vein

56
Q

Hemiazygos v. Origin

A

Union of left ascending lumbar and subcostal veins

57
Q

Hemiazygos v. Course

A

Ascends in posterior mediastinum and joins azygos vein at T8 vertebra level

58
Q

Hemiazygos v. Drainage

A

Thoracic and abdominal walls and esophagus

59
Q

Inferior epigastric v.

A

Arises from within rectus sheath, travels inferiorly within it and drains into external iliac vein
Drainage into anterior abdominal wall

60
Q

Posterior intercostal vv.

A

Supreme intercostal vein drains into brachiocephalic vein
Second and third drain into superior intercostal veins
Fourth to eleventh drain to azygos (right) or hemiazygos/ accessory hemiazygos (left)

61
Q

Right brachiocephalic v.

A

Union of right internal jugular and subclavian veins
Descends vertically to join left brachiocephalic vein
Drains into head, neck, upper limbs

62
Q

Superficial epigastric v.

A

Originates in inguinal region of superficial fascia of anterior abdominal wall
Runs inferiorly to drain into long saphenous vein or femoral vein
Drainage to skin of medial thigh, external genitalia and pubic symphysis

63
Q

Superior epigastric v.

A

Arises from within rectus sheath, ascends within to drain into internal thoracic vein
Drainage to anterior wall and diaphragm

64
Q

Camper’s fascia

A

Superficial fatty Thayer of the anterior abdominal wall . Composed of loose areolar tissue and found deep in skin and superficial to scarpa’s fascia

65
Q

Esophagus location

A

Extends from pharynx to stomach, anterior to vertebral bodies
Arterial supply inferior thyroid a., descending thoracic aorta, right bronchial artery, left gastric artery , left inferior phrenic a.
Venous drainage to inferior thyroid v,, azygos vein, hemiazygos, and left gastric vein
Parasympathetic: CN X, left recurrent laryngeal n.
Sympathetic:greater splanchnic n.

66
Q

External spermatic fascia

A

Most external layer of testis and spermatic cord

67
Q

Inguinal canal

A

Two passages in anterior abdomen wall of humans and animals which in males convey spermatic cords and in females the round ligaments of uterus
Larger in males

68
Q

Deep inguinal ring

A

Serves as entrance of inguinal canal, passageway for round ligament in females,spermatic cord in males, blood vessels, lymphatics, and inguinal nerve
Regulates intraabdominal pressure

69
Q

Superficial inguinal ring

A

Opening found at aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
Above and lateral pubic tubercle
Exit of inguinal canal

70
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

Thickened inferior border of external abdominal oblique muscle aponeurosis
Merges with iliopsoas fascia laterally and fascia lata of thigh anteriorly
Forms inferior border of inguinal triangle
Supports femoral sheath

71
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Secrets peritoneal fluid to lubricate viscera within abdominal pelvic cavities to reduce friction
Aids in immune response
Responds to trauma and inflammation

72
Q

Anterior Rectus sheath

A

Fibrous covering that surrounds rectus abdominus muscle

73
Q

Posterior rectus sheath

A

Covers superior two thirds of posterior rectus abdominus muscle ending at arcuate line

74
Q

Arcuate line of rectus sheath

A

Horizontal line that demarcates the lower limit of posterior layer of rectus sheath

75
Q

Round ligament of uterus

A

Remnant of gubernaculum that guides descent of gonads during embryogenesis
Extends from uterus through inguinal canal , inserts into labia majora
Aids in anchoring uterus, maintains its anteverted position during pregnancy

76
Q

Scarpa’s fascia

A

Deep membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen
Deep to camper’s fascia and superficial to external oblique muscle

77
Q

Spermatic cord

A

Contains nerves blood lymph and vas deferens
Runs from abdomen to testicles and connects testicle to scrotum

78
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Largest lymph vessel in the body, forms superior extension of cisterna chyli. Sits on vertebral bodies, drains into venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins

79
Q

Carina of trachea

A

Ridge at base of trachea (windpipe) that separates openings of the right and left main bronchi

80
Q

Tracheobronchiol lymph nodes

A

Located superiorly and inferiorly to tracheal Burification
Receive right and left bronchopulmonary lymph vessels
Direction of flow: paratracheal lymph nodes> bronchomediastinal trunk> right lymphatic trunk or thoracic duct

81
Q

Transversalis fascia

A

Endoabdominal fascia that covers internal surface of transversus abdominus muscle
Separates abdominal wall from peritoneum

82
Q

Thymus

A

Located at superior thoracic aperture and superior mediastinum, posterior to Manubrium
Arteries are internal thoracic, inferior thyroid, superior thyroid aa
Drainage to internal thoracic, inferior thyroid, and left brachiocephalic veins
Vagus nerve and sympathetic chain
Produces T cells by maturation of thymocytes

83
Q

Umbilicus

A

Remnant of fetal maternal connection. At birth structure consists of paired umbilical arteries, single umbilical vein, and urachus
Known as navel, hollowed area on abdomen at attachment site of umbilical cord

84
Q

Iliac tubercle

A

Located along outer lip of iliac crest , posterior to the anterior superior iliac spine
Attachment site for iliotibial tract

Fall 2022 (15 decks)

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