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Fall 2022 > Anatomy Week 5 > Flashcards

Anatomy Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Cremaster m. Origin

A

Internal abdominal oblique muscle and inguinal ligament

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2
Q

Cremaster m. Insertion

A

Tunica vaginalis of testis

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3
Q

Cremaster m. Action

A

Elevation and depression of scrotum to regulate temp of testes

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4
Q

Cremaster m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Cremasteric a.

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5
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Origin

A

External surfaces and inferior border of fifth to twelfth ribs

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6
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Insertion

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Anterior half of iliac crest,
Pubic crest, pubic tubercle
Linea alba

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7
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Action

A

Flexes, laterally flexes, and rotates trunk

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8
Q

External abdominal oblique m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of seventh to twelfth thoracic nerves
Lower posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., deep circumflex iliac a., superior and inferior epigastric aa.

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9
Q

Internal oblique m. Origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament

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10
Q

Internal oblique m. Insertion

A

Inferior margins of twelfth to tenth ribs and adjacent costal cartilages, linea alba, pecten pubis

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11
Q

Internal oblique m. Action

A

Flexes, laterally flexes, rotates trunk

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12
Q

Internal oblique m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of seventh to twelfth thoracic nerves, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves
Lower posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., deep circumflex iliac a., superior and inferior epigastric aa.

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13
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Origin

A

Pubic crest and symphysis

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14
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Insertion

A

Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of fifth to seventh ribs

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15
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Action

A

Flexes trunk

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16
Q

Rectus abdominus m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of sixth to twelfth thoracic nerves
Superior and inferior epigastric aa

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17
Q

Linea alba

A

Thick white band that extends from the Xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis
Midline of abdominal wall

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18
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Origin

A

Costal cartilages of seventh to twelfth ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament

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19
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Insertion

A

Linea alba, pubic crest, pectin pubis

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20
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Action

A

Compresses and provides structural support for abdominal structures

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21
Q

Transversus abdominus m. Innervation and blood supply

A

Anterior rami of seventh to twelfth thoracic nerves, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves
Lower posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., deep circumflex iliac a., superior and inferior epigastric aa.

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22
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Origin

A

First lumbar nerve

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23
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Course

A

Obliquely toward iliac crest

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24
Q

Iliohypogastric n. Branches

A

Anterior and lateral cutaneous

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25
Iliohypogastric n. Supplies
Skin of hypo gastric and gluteal regions
26
Illioinguinal n. Origin
First lumbar nerve
27
Illioinguinal n. Course
Inferior to iliohypogastric n. And along inguinal canal towards genitals
28
Ilioinguinal n. Branches
Anterior scrotal n. (Males) Arterial labial n. (Female)
29
Ilioinguinal n. Supplies
Motor Innervation to internal abdominal oblique muscle Sensory Innervation from scrotum and root of penis (males) or mons pubis and labium majus (females)
30
Right recurrent laryngeal n. Origin
Vagus nerve
31
Right recurrent laryngeal n. Course
Under then posterior to subclavian artery ascending lateral to trachea and ending in larynx
32
Right recurrent laryngeal n. Supplies
Visceral sensation from larynx, esophagus, trachea, heart and lung Muscles of the larynx (except cricothyroid)
33
Sympathetic chain ganglia (paravertebral ganglion)
Four groups based on located: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
34
Greater thoracic splanchnic n. Origin
T5-T9 nerves
35
Greater thoracic splanchnic n. Course
Anteriorly and inferiorly from thoracic sympathetic chain, piercing diaphragm, running down abdomen to Celia and superior mesenteric ganglia
36
Greater thoracic splanchnic n. Supplies
Vessels and viscera associated with celiac trunk (liver, gallbladder, spleen, foregut)
37
Rami communicants
Originate from sympathetic trunk (chain) Insert posteriorly to adjacent spinal nerve
38
Brachiocephalic trunk
Originates from aortic arch, ascends posterolateral to the right Branches into right common carotid and right subclavian aa. Supplies right side of head , neck, and right upper limb
39
Bronchial aa.
Supply bronchi and lower trachea passing along posterior sides of the bronchi Distribute also to adjacent lymph nodes and pulmonary vessels
40
Inferior epigastric a. Origin
External iliac a.
41
Inferior epigastric a. Course
Superiorly within rectus sheath
42
Inferior epigastric a. Branches
Pubic branch, accessory obturator a., artery of round ligament of uterus (female) or cremasteric artery (males)
43
Inferior epigastric a. Supplies
Anterolateral abdominal wall and external genitalia
44
Left common carotid a.
Originates from aortic arch (left) or brachiocephalic trunk (right) Ascends in superior mediastinum (left only) and in the neck Branches into external and internal carotid aa. Supplies head and neck
45
Left subclavian a.
Originates from aortic arch (left) or brachiocephalic trunk (right) and ascends superior mediastinum and enters neck Branches into vertebral, internal thoracic, dorsal scapular aa, costocervical and thyrocervical trunks Supplies thoracic wall, neck, spinal cord, brain, meninges, upper limb
46
Posterior intercostal aa.
Eleven pairs traveling in 11 intercostal spaces First two arise from supreme intercostal a., branch of costocervical a. Remaining arise from posterolateral descending thoracic aorta Right arteries longer than left, travel over their vertebral bodies
47
Pulmonary aa.
Carry deoxygenated blood to lungs Through pulmonary trunk which divides at T5 level, forms right and left pulmonary aa.
48
Superficial epigastric a.
Originates from femoral a. Courses superomedially through umbilicus Supplies subcutaneous tissue of inguinal region and inferior abdominal wall
49
Accessory hemiazygos v. Origin
Union of fourth to eight posterior intercostal veins
50
Accessory hemiazygos v. Course
Descends in posterior mediastinum and join azygos vein at level of T7 vertebra
51
Accessory hemiazygos v. Drainage
Thoracic walls and tracheobronchiol tree
52
Azygos v. Origin
Union of right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins
53
Azygos v. Course
Ascends in posterior mediastinum to join SVC
54
Azygos v. Drainage
Thoracic and abdominal walls, esophagus, bronchi and trachea
55
Azygos arch
Venous valve at the site of azygos vein
56
Hemiazygos v. Origin
Union of left ascending lumbar and subcostal veins
57
Hemiazygos v. Course
Ascends in posterior mediastinum and joins azygos vein at T8 vertebra level
58
Hemiazygos v. Drainage
Thoracic and abdominal walls and esophagus
59
Inferior epigastric v.
Arises from within rectus sheath, travels inferiorly within it and drains into external iliac vein Drainage into anterior abdominal wall
60
Posterior intercostal vv.
Supreme intercostal vein drains into brachiocephalic vein Second and third drain into superior intercostal veins Fourth to eleventh drain to azygos (right) or hemiazygos/ accessory hemiazygos (left)
61
Right brachiocephalic v.
Union of right internal jugular and subclavian veins Descends vertically to join left brachiocephalic vein Drains into head, neck, upper limbs
62
Superficial epigastric v.
Originates in inguinal region of superficial fascia of anterior abdominal wall Runs inferiorly to drain into long saphenous vein or femoral vein Drainage to skin of medial thigh, external genitalia and pubic symphysis
63
Superior epigastric v.
Arises from within rectus sheath, ascends within to drain into internal thoracic vein Drainage to anterior wall and diaphragm
64
Camper’s fascia
Superficial fatty Thayer of the anterior abdominal wall . Composed of loose areolar tissue and found deep in skin and superficial to scarpa’s fascia
65
Esophagus location
Extends from pharynx to stomach, anterior to vertebral bodies Arterial supply inferior thyroid a., descending thoracic aorta, right bronchial artery, left gastric artery , left inferior phrenic a. Venous drainage to inferior thyroid v,, azygos vein, hemiazygos, and left gastric vein Parasympathetic: CN X, left recurrent laryngeal n. Sympathetic:greater splanchnic n.
66
External spermatic fascia
Most external layer of testis and spermatic cord
67
Inguinal canal
Two passages in anterior abdomen wall of humans and animals which in males convey spermatic cords and in females the round ligaments of uterus Larger in males
68
Deep inguinal ring
Serves as entrance of inguinal canal, passageway for round ligament in females,spermatic cord in males, blood vessels, lymphatics, and inguinal nerve Regulates intraabdominal pressure
69
Superficial inguinal ring
Opening found at aponeurosis of external oblique muscle Above and lateral pubic tubercle Exit of inguinal canal
70
Inguinal ligament
Thickened inferior border of external abdominal oblique muscle aponeurosis Merges with iliopsoas fascia laterally and fascia lata of thigh anteriorly Forms inferior border of inguinal triangle Supports femoral sheath
71
Parietal peritoneum
Secrets peritoneal fluid to lubricate viscera within abdominal pelvic cavities to reduce friction Aids in immune response Responds to trauma and inflammation
72
Anterior Rectus sheath
Fibrous covering that surrounds rectus abdominus muscle
73
Posterior rectus sheath
Covers superior two thirds of posterior rectus abdominus muscle ending at arcuate line
74
Arcuate line of rectus sheath
Horizontal line that demarcates the lower limit of posterior layer of rectus sheath
75
Round ligament of uterus
Remnant of gubernaculum that guides descent of gonads during embryogenesis Extends from uterus through inguinal canal , inserts into labia majora Aids in anchoring uterus, maintains its anteverted position during pregnancy
76
Scarpa’s fascia
Deep membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen Deep to camper’s fascia and superficial to external oblique muscle
77
Spermatic cord
Contains nerves blood lymph and vas deferens Runs from abdomen to testicles and connects testicle to scrotum
78
Thoracic duct
Largest lymph vessel in the body, forms superior extension of cisterna chyli. Sits on vertebral bodies, drains into venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins
79
Carina of trachea
Ridge at base of trachea (windpipe) that separates openings of the right and left main bronchi
80
Tracheobronchiol lymph nodes
Located superiorly and inferiorly to tracheal Burification Receive right and left bronchopulmonary lymph vessels Direction of flow: paratracheal lymph nodes> bronchomediastinal trunk> right lymphatic trunk or thoracic duct
81
Transversalis fascia
Endoabdominal fascia that covers internal surface of transversus abdominus muscle Separates abdominal wall from peritoneum
82
Thymus
Located at superior thoracic aperture and superior mediastinum, posterior to Manubrium Arteries are internal thoracic, inferior thyroid, superior thyroid aa Drainage to internal thoracic, inferior thyroid, and left brachiocephalic veins Vagus nerve and sympathetic chain Produces T cells by maturation of thymocytes
83
Umbilicus
Remnant of fetal maternal connection. At birth structure consists of paired umbilical arteries, single umbilical vein, and urachus Known as navel, hollowed area on abdomen at attachment site of umbilical cord
84
Iliac tubercle
Located along outer lip of iliac crest , posterior to the anterior superior iliac spine Attachment site for iliotibial tract

Fall 2022 (15 decks)

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