HEENT

Question 1

What are the health history questions for head

Answer 1

headache
head injury
dizziness
surgery

Question 2

what are the health history questions for neck

Answer 2

pain
limitation in ROM
lumps or swelling
surgery

Question 3

how do we describe normal size, shape, and symmetry of the head

Answer 3

normocephalic

Question 4

how do we describe normal position of the head

Answer 4

midline and erect

Question 5

what do we inspect and palpate for the head

Answer 5

position
size, shape, symmetry
skin lesions
tenderness
temporal area
sutures in children
hair texture, color, and distribution

Question 6

what do we inspect on the face

Answer 6

facial structures and features
color
skin
symmetry
ear setting

Question 7

what are the 2 sinuses we palpate

Answer 7

frontal and maxillary

Question 8

what is it called when you shine a light on the maxillary sinuses to see if there is mucus or inflammation present

Answer 8

transillumination

Question 9

what do we inspect and palpate on the neck

Answer 9

symmetry
swallowing
ROM
trachea
thyroid gland (posterior and anterior approach)
lymph nodes

Question 10

what should the lymph nodes feel like

Answer 10

mobile
soft
non-tender
not enlarged

Question 11

what should you feel for in the thyroid

Answer 11

size
shape
symmetry
tenderness
nodules

Question 12

what changes occur in pregnant female’s thyroids

Answer 12

Early and sustained increase seen in the renal clearance of iodine.
Thyroid compensates by enlarging to produce sufficient thyroid hormones.
Chloasma-mask of pregnancy

Question 13

what happens to the thyroid as an individual ages

Answer 13

become more fibrotic
feels more nodular/irregular

Question 14

what is presbyopia

Answer 14

pt needs readers or extra lights (farsightedness)

Question 15

what is diplopia

Answer 15

double vision

Question 16

what are some health history questions for eyes

Answer 16

Vision difficulty
Pain
Diplopia, spots, floaters
Redness, swelling
Discharge
History of ocular problems
Glaucoma
Night vision issues
Glasses or contact lenses
Regular eye exams

Question 17

what do you inspect and palpate for the eyes

Answer 17

General
Eyebrows
Eyelids & lashes
Eyeballs
Conjunctiva & sclera
Lacrimal apparatus (ducts)
Cornea & Lens
Iris & Pupils

Question 18

what are we looking for from the pupils

Answer 18

speed of reaction
direct response
consensual response

Question 19

what do we use to test visual acuity

Answer 19

snellen chart

Question 20

what occurs to eyes w/ digoxin toxicity

Answer 20

seeing halos around lights

Question 21

what is presbyopia

Answer 21

hyperopia (farsightedness) that appears w/ age

Question 22

what is PERRLA

Answer 22

pupils equal, round, reactive to light, accomodation

Question 23

what is myopia

Answer 23

nearsightedness (can’t see far)

Question 24

what is hyperopia

Answer 24

farsightedness (can’t see near)

Question 25

what are we looking for w/ the corneal light reflex

Answer 25

twinkle in same location of both eyes

Question 26

what is visual accommodation

Answer 26

far vision- pupils dilate near vision- pupils constrict

Question 27

what is the optic disc the beginning of

Answer 27

the optic nerve

Question 28

what do we look for w/ the optic dsc

Answer 28

shape and color

Question 29

what is xanthelasma

Answer 29

raised plaque on eyelid

Question 30

what is exophthalmos and what can it be caused by

Answer 30

bulging eyes hypothyroidism or tumor

Question 31

what is strabismus

Answer 31

eyes don't align while looking at an object

Question 32

what is a cataract

Answer 32

clouding of the lens

Question 33

what is arcus senilis

Answer 33

white, grey, bluish ring around cornea that causes cloudy vision

Question 34

what is tinnitus

Answer 34

ringing of the ears

Question 35

what is low-set ear attachment usually cause by

Answer 35

down syndrome

Question 36

what can tophi be a sign of

Answer 36

gout- uric acid crystals

Question 37

what do we inspect for the external ear canal

Answer 37

color swelling lesions discharge

Question 38

what do we inspect for the tympanic membrane

Answer 38

color and characteristics (pink) position integrity of membrane

Question 39

what is otitis media

Answer 39

middle ear infection

Question 40

how do we test hearing acuity

Answer 40

gross hearing conversational speech whispered voice test weber and rhinne test if needed

Question 41

what is the weber test

Answer 41

strike tuning fork and place on top of head positive=fail

Question 42

what is the rhinne test

Answer 42

strike tuning fork and place behind ear (bone conduction) once pt stops hearing it move it so it is facing the ear (air conduction)- it should be heard 2x more than bone conduction

Question 43

what is the eustachian tube

Answer 43

connect middle ears to back of throat

Question 44

what is cerumen

Answer 44

ear wax

Question 45

what is otosclerosis

Answer 45

abnormal bone growth in ear

Question 46

what are pe tubes

Answer 46

pressure equalizer tubes that help prevent infection and hearing loss

Question 47

what is a tympanostomy

Answer 47

opening in tympanic membrane to promote drainage

Question 48

what do we inspect for the nares

Answer 48

patency inflammation deformities symmetry discharge

Question 49

what do we inspect the septum for

Answer 49

deviation perforation bleeding

Question 50

what do cherry colored lips indicate

Answer 50

co2 poisoning or ketoacidosis