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Ellie-NUR 265 > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

What are the health history questions for head

A

headache
head injury
dizziness
surgery

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2
Q

what are the health history questions for neck

A

pain
limitation in ROM
lumps or swelling
surgery

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3
Q

how do we describe normal size, shape, and symmetry of the head

A

normocephalic

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4
Q

how do we describe normal position of the head

A

midline and erect

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5
Q

what do we inspect and palpate for the head

A

position
size, shape, symmetry
skin lesions
tenderness
temporal area
sutures in children
hair texture, color, and distribution

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6
Q

what do we inspect on the face

A

facial structures and features
color
skin
symmetry
ear setting

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7
Q

what are the 2 sinuses we palpate

A

frontal and maxillary

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8
Q

what is it called when you shine a light on the maxillary sinuses to see if there is mucus or inflammation present

A

transillumination

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9
Q

what do we inspect and palpate on the neck

A

symmetry
swallowing
ROM
trachea
thyroid gland (posterior and anterior approach)
lymph nodes

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10
Q

what should the lymph nodes feel like

A

mobile
soft
non-tender
not enlarged

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11
Q

what should you feel for in the thyroid

A

size
shape
symmetry
tenderness
nodules

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12
Q

what changes occur in pregnant female’s thyroids

A

Early and sustained increase seen in the renal clearance of iodine.
Thyroid compensates by enlarging to produce sufficient thyroid hormones.
Chloasma-mask of pregnancy

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13
Q

what happens to the thyroid as an individual ages

A

become more fibrotic
feels more nodular/irregular

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14
Q

what is presbyopia

A

pt needs readers or extra lights (farsightedness)

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15
Q

what is diplopia

A

double vision

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16
Q

what are some health history questions for eyes

A

Vision difficulty
Pain
Diplopia, spots, floaters
Redness, swelling
Discharge
History of ocular problems
Glaucoma
Night vision issues
Glasses or contact lenses
Regular eye exams

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17
Q

what do you inspect and palpate for the eyes

A

General
Eyebrows
Eyelids & lashes
Eyeballs
Conjunctiva & sclera
Lacrimal apparatus (ducts)
Cornea & Lens
Iris & Pupils

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18
Q

what are we looking for from the pupils

A

speed of reaction
direct response
consensual response

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19
Q

what do we use to test visual acuity

A

snellen chart

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20
Q

what occurs to eyes w/ digoxin toxicity

A

seeing halos around lights

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21
Q

what is presbyopia

A

hyperopia (farsightedness) that appears w/ age

22
Q

what is PERRLA

A

pupils equal, round, reactive to light, accomodation

23
Q

what is myopia

A

nearsightedness (can’t see far)

24
Q

what is hyperopia

A

farsightedness (can’t see near)

25
Q

what are we looking for w/ the corneal light reflex

A

twinkle in same location of both eyes

26
Q

what is visual accommodation

A

far vision- pupils dilate
near vision- pupils constrict

27
Q

what is the optic disc the beginning of

A

the optic nerve

28
Q

what do we look for w/ the optic dsc

A

shape and color

29
Q

what is xanthelasma

A

raised plaque on eyelid

30
Q

what is exophthalmos and what can it be caused by

A

bulging eyes
hypothyroidism or tumor

31
Q

what is strabismus

A

eyes don’t align while looking at an object

32
Q

what is a cataract

A

clouding of the lens

33
Q

what is arcus senilis

A

white, grey, bluish ring around cornea that causes cloudy vision

34
Q

what is tinnitus

A

ringing of the ears

35
Q

what is low-set ear attachment usually cause by

A

down syndrome

36
Q

what can tophi be a sign of

A

gout- uric acid crystals

37
Q

what do we inspect for the external ear canal

A

color
swelling
lesions
discharge

38
Q

what do we inspect for the tympanic membrane

A

color and characteristics (pink)
position
integrity of membrane

39
Q

what is otitis media

A

middle ear infection

40
Q

how do we test hearing acuity

A

gross hearing
conversational speech
whispered voice test
weber and rhinne test if needed

41
Q

what is the weber test

A

strike tuning fork and place on top of head
positive=fail

42
Q

what is the rhinne test

A

strike tuning fork and place behind ear (bone conduction)
once pt stops hearing it move it so it is facing the ear (air conduction)- it should be heard 2x more than bone conduction

43
Q

what is the eustachian tube

A

connect middle ears to back of throat

44
Q

what is cerumen

A

ear wax

45
Q

what is otosclerosis

A

abnormal bone growth in ear

46
Q

what are pe tubes

A

pressure equalizer tubes that help prevent infection and hearing loss

47
Q

what is a tympanostomy

A

opening in tympanic membrane to promote drainage

48
Q

what do we inspect for the nares

A

patency
inflammation
deformities
symmetry
discharge

49
Q

what do we inspect the septum for

A

deviation
perforation
bleeding

50
Q

what do cherry colored lips indicate

A

co2 poisoning or ketoacidosis

Ellie-NUR 265 (10 decks)

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