Breast and GU Flashcards
what kind of organ is the breast
an accessory reproductive organ
what kinds of tissue is the breast made from
glandular tissue
fibrous tissue
adipose tissue
what are the axillary nodes
central
pectoral (anterior)
subscapular (posterior)
lateral
what is the development of male breasts called
gynecomastia
who is at higher risk for breast cancer
females
age 65+
2 or more relatives diagnosed young
personal hx of breast cancer
mammographically dense breasts
biopsy confirmed atypical hyperplasia
genetic mutations (BRCA1 and HER2)
pt with avg risk should start mamograms at what age
40-44
what is the recommendation to start getting annual mammograms
45-55
what is the recommendation to get biennial mammograms
> 55
when is the best time to do a breast self exam
after menstrual cycle
what are the steps for breast exam
supine
raise arm on side you are palpating
use pads of first 3 fingers using gentle rotary motion/vertical pattern
use variable pressure
palpate nipple using thumb and forefinger
how to palpate the axillae
palpate 4 areas along mid, anterior, posterior, and inner aspects of upper arm
what are some abnormal findings of the breast
dimpling
fixation
edema
nipple retraction
what age does menopause typically occur
48-51
what is the position used for a pap
lithotomy
what is pediculosis pubis
crab lice
what are some abnormal findings of external genitalia for females
pediculosis pubis
herpes simplex virus
rash
HPV genital warts
what are some vulvovaginal inflammations
chlamydia
gonorrhea
candidiasis
bacterial vaginosis
trichomoniasis
atrophic vaginitis
what are characteristics of gonorrhea
95% of symtoms are asymptomatic
purulent drainage
what are characterisitcs of candidiasis
itchiness
thick white discharge
what are characteristics of bacteria vaginosis
creamy gray white discharge
fishy smell
what are characteristics of trichomoniasis
itchiness
frothy yellow/green discharge
what are some characteristics of atrophic vaginitis
post menopause
itchiness
dryness
burning
what is smegma
a sebaceous secretion in the folds of the skin
where do you palpate for male gu assessment
penis
scrotum
inguinal canal
inguinal lymph nodes
cremasteric reflex- torsion test
