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Home Inspection > Heat Pumps > Flashcards

Heat Pumps Flashcards

1
Q

Are heat pumps designed to carry the entire heating load

A

Not in northern climates. They are sized to meet the cooling demands of a house.

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2
Q

What is a miss matched system?

A

Different size condenser, and evaporator coils

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3
Q

How do you determine the capacity of miss matched systems?

A

Take the outdoor coil rating and go 1000 BTUs in the direction of the Plenum coil rating

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4
Q

What is a heat pump?

A

An AC that can work in reverse

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5
Q

Outdoor coil acts as what in the summer and what in the winter

A

Condenser in the summer and evaporator in the winter

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6
Q

Indoor coil acts as what in the summer and what did winter

A

Evaporator in the summer and condenser in the winter

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7
Q

Can the heat pumps work with electric, gas or oil systems?

A

Electric. If heating is gas or oil, heat pump must shut off when furnace comes on.

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8
Q

When can’t you test heat pumps?

A

During very cold weather, when pump is not working in the system is gas or oil

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9
Q

Below a certain outdoor temperature, what happens to the heat pump?

A

It is locked out

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10
Q

Don’t run cooling mode or heating mode above or below this temperature

A

65°F or 18°C

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11
Q

Is a heat pump, air hotter or not as hot as air from gas or furnace

A

Not as hot

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12
Q

What does a heat pump do if you can’t keep up to the furnace

A

Shut off and furnace starts

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13
Q

Most thermostats with heat pumps have this feature

A

“ emergency heat” which bypass is heat pump

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14
Q

How does ice up happen on a heat pump?

A

Outdoor air condenses water when it cools as it passes over the coil. Moisture falls out of the air as liquid (condensate) and freezes on the coil.

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15
Q

What prevents ice up on heat pumps

A

Defrost cycle

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16
Q

These heat pumps look the same as air conditioners

A

Air source

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17
Q

Some systems use what to collect and dissipate heat

A

Ground or water

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18
Q

How do ground source heat pumps collect or dissipate heat depending on the season

A

Horizontal or vertical pipes underground with liquid

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19
Q

Some systems use what instead of looped piping

A

Two wells. Water is extracted from one and pumped into the other.

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20
Q

Water source heat pumps use these

A

Rivers and lakes

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21
Q

What is the advantage of ground/water source?

A

Warmer than outdoor air

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22
Q

What is a bivalent heat pump?

A

Fools the heat pump by a burner outside below the coil that turns on when the system is about to shut down

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23
Q

These heat pumps do not require a furnace

A

Bivalent, due to the auxiliary heater (burner)

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24
Q

Do outdoor gas burners need a chimney

A

No

25
Q

Two types of heat pumps

A

Air to air
Water to air (geothermal)

26
Q

Main difference between AC and heat pumps

A

Heat pumps have a reversing valve that changes the direction of refrigerant flow

27
Q

What does an accumulator do on a heat pump?

A

Keeps liquid refrigerant from entering compressor

28
Q

What controls refrigerant state that flows to coils?

A

Metering devices

29
Q

When inspecting heat pumps, how should you check them?

A

Use thermostat control only. No changing heating or cooling mode.

30
Q

Heat pumps should be energized how long before operation

A

24 hours

31
Q

Is air to water condenser inside or outside

A

Inside

32
Q

What temperatures will heat pumps work all the way down to?

A

0°F or -17°C

33
Q

What are the main differences of heat pumps compared AC?

A

Reversing valve
Two throttling/expansion devices (capillaries) with check valves

34
Q

Does a heat pump or AC always have a heater on the compressor?

A

Heat pump always has heater on compressor. AC might but doesn’t have to.

35
Q

Why do heat pumps need to defrost cycle?

A

They can get frost on the coil outside

36
Q

Describe the defrost cycle

A

Switch heat pump to AC mode to mount frost. Electric treating element gets turned on inside coil.

37
Q

What does SEER stand for?

A

Seasonal energy, efficiency, ratio

38
Q

Examples of heaters with COP 1 ratings

A

(100% efficiency)
Baseboard heater, blow dryer, space heater (purely resistive)

39
Q

Do heat pumps have good COP ratings

A

Yes. Above 1 but as temperature drops, so does COP.

40
Q

What is COP balance point?

A

Where heat pump can keep up. Below that, it needs make up heat.

41
Q

What does AFUE stand for?

A

Annual fuel utilization efficiency

42
Q

What is the AFUE number for electric heat?

A

There is none. (no fuel.)
COP up to 4-5

43
Q

Geothermal (geoexchange) normally uses

A

Fluid

44
Q

Describe an open loop system

A

Wells/lake/river
(hundred foot distance between wells)

45
Q

Describe a closed loop system

A

Piping run below frost line

46
Q

What does a bivalent system have?

A

Burner in the outdoor coil

47
Q

What is the difference of a triple split system?

A

Compressor indoors

48
Q

Where does the accumulator sit?

A

Between compressor and reversing valve (in suction line)

49
Q

When does the accumulator work the most?

A

Heating season (winter)

50
Q

Heating season=
Cooling season =

A

Winter
Summer

51
Q

In heat pumps, where does refrigerant go first after compressor

A

Reversing valve to direct flow
Check valves let refrigerant bypass

52
Q

When does the outdoor fan stop?

A

Defrost cycle

53
Q

What could insufficient air be caused by

A

Blocked diffusers

54
Q

What is the problem with restricting airflow across the indoor coil? (Homeowners shutting off registers)

A

Raises discharge pressure, which raises compression ratio, which can ruin compressor

55
Q

Why should heat pumps be raised 12 inches off the ground

A

Water to exit underneath

56
Q

Antifreeze in colder climates for air to water heat pumps between these

A

Outdoor unit and heat exchanger

57
Q

What should be used in air to water heat pumps for high-volume systems? (radiant panels.)

A

Expansion tanks

58
Q

Zoned systems use these

A

Buffer tanks

Home Inspection (13 decks)

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