Heart, Blood Vessels, Lymphatic Flashcards by Lois Oppong

Ischemia

Restriction in blood supply

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Atherosclerosis

Buildup of plaque in the artery wall

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Arteriosclerosis

Hardening of the arteries

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Angina pectoris

Chest pain due to ischemia

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Myocardial infection

Death of myocardial tissue due to development of ischemia (heart attack)

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Thrombus

Blood clot

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Cardiac arrest

Cessation of cardiac activity due to anoxia (absence of oxygen) or interruption of the electrical stimuli to the heart

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Hypoxia

Low amount or inadequate supply of O2

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Asystole

Flatline, is a state of no cardiac electrical activity, hence no contractions of the myocardium

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CPR

Cardiopulmonary resusciation

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essential/primary hypertension

Abnormally high blood pressure

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Malignant hypertension

Sever form of hypertension

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Congestive heart failure

Inability of the heart to pump enough blood

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Edema

Swelling of body

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Cor pumonale

Right-sided heart diseases (enlargement of the right ventricle)

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Pulmonary edema

Fluid shift into the spaces of the lungs

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Cardiomyopathy

Noninflammatory disease of the cardia muscle resulting in enlargement of the myocardium and ventricle malfunction

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Dyspnea

Difficult and labored breathing, shortness of breath

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Palpitations

A sensation of rapid or irregular beating of the heart

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Tachycardia

Abnormally rapid heartbeat greater than 100 beats per minute

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Pericarditis

Inflammation of the pericardium (serosa), which is the sack enclosing and protecting the heart

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Myocarditis

Inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart

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Endocarditis

Inflammation of the inside lining of the heart chamber and heart valves

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Rheumatic fever

Inflammatory and autoimmune disease of the joints and cardiac tissue

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Mitral stenosis

Narrow opening in mitral valve that impedes blood flow from the LA to LV

Mitral insufficiency

Causes back flow of blood into the left atrium due to incomplete closure of valve

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

One or more of the cusps protrudes back into the left atrium during ccontraction

Arrhythmias

Deviation from the normal heartbeat; irregular heartbeat

Shock

Collapse of the CV system

Anaphylaxis

Severe, whole body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen

Hemorrhage

Blood loss

Sepsis

Body has a severe response to bacteria or other germs

Emboli

Clots of blood that can lodge in a vessel and inhibit blood flow

Aneurysm

Local dilation of the artery caused by a weak artery

Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein (most of the time in the lower legs)

Thrombophlebitis

Inflammation of a vein with the formation of a thrombus on the vessel wall

Venous stasis

Condition of slow blood flow in the veins

Varicose veins

Swollen, knotted veins in the lower legs

Buerger’s syndrome

Inflammation of the peripheral arteries and veins of the extremities with clot formation

Raynaud’s syndrome

A vasopastic condition of the fingers, hands, or feet. Causes pain, numbness, and discoloration in these areas.

Anemia

A reduction in the quantity of RBC/hemoglobin

Agranulocytosis/neutropenia

Leuckocyte levels become extremely low

Polycythemia

A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood

Thrombocytopenia

Any disorder in which there is abnormally low amount of platelets

Leukemia

Malignant neoplasms of the blood forming organs (bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes)

Neoplasm

Abnormal mass of tissue

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Overproduction of immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and lymph nodes.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

Accumulation of mature yet malfunctioned lymphocytes

Acute Myeologenous Leukemia (AML)

Rapidly progressive neoplasm of cells committed to the myeloid line of development

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Excess mature yet hypofunctional neutrophils

Lymphatic system

Composed of lymphatic vessels, tissues, nodes, tonsils, spleen, and lymph

Lymphedema

Abnormal collection of lymph, usually in the extremities

Lymphangitis

Inflammation of the lymph vessels

Lymphoma

Malignant neoplasms that arise from uncontrolled proliferation of the cellular components of lymph system

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Cancer of the body’s lymphatic system, in which the involved cells proliferate and interfere with normal functioning by collection in masses in various parts of the body.

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

No reed stern-berg cell. Cancer of lymph tissue

Hemophilia

Hereditary bleeding disorder from deficiency of clotting factor

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Simultaneous hemorrhage and thrombosis

Cardiogenic Shock

Caused by inadequate function of the heart or pump failure

Cardiac Tamponade/compression

Compression of the myocardium and restriction of heart movement caused by blood or fluid trapped in the pericardial sac