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HOSA Pathophysiology > Heart, Blood Vessels, Lymphatic > Flashcards

Heart, Blood Vessels, Lymphatic Flashcards

1
Q

Ischemia

A

Restriction in blood supply

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2
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Buildup of plaque in the artery wall

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3
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Hardening of the arteries

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3
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain due to ischemia

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4
Q

Myocardial infection

A

Death of myocardial tissue due to development of ischemia (heart attack)

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5
Q

Thrombus

A

Blood clot

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6
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

Cessation of cardiac activity due to anoxia (absence of oxygen) or interruption of the electrical stimuli to the heart

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7
Q

Hypoxia

A

Low amount or inadequate supply of O2

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8
Q

Asystole

A

Flatline, is a state of no cardiac electrical activity, hence no contractions of the myocardium

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9
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resusciation

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10
Q

essential/primary hypertension

A

Abnormally high blood pressure

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11
Q

Malignant hypertension

A

Sever form of hypertension

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12
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Inability of the heart to pump enough blood

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13
Q

Edema

A

Swelling of body

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14
Q

Cor pumonale

A

Right-sided heart diseases (enlargement of the right ventricle)

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15
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Fluid shift into the spaces of the lungs

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16
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

Noninflammatory disease of the cardia muscle resulting in enlargement of the myocardium and ventricle malfunction

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17
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult and labored breathing, shortness of breath

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18
Q

Palpitations

A

A sensation of rapid or irregular beating of the heart

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19
Q

Tachycardia

A

Abnormally rapid heartbeat greater than 100 beats per minute

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20
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammation of the pericardium (serosa), which is the sack enclosing and protecting the heart

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21
Q

Myocarditis

A

Inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart

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22
Q

Endocarditis

A

Inflammation of the inside lining of the heart chamber and heart valves

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23
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

Inflammatory and autoimmune disease of the joints and cardiac tissue

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24
Q

Mitral stenosis

A

Narrow opening in mitral valve that impedes blood flow from the LA to LV

25
Q

Mitral insufficiency

A

Causes back flow of blood into the left atrium due to incomplete closure of valve

26
Q

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

A

One or more of the cusps protrudes back into the left atrium during ccontraction

27
Q

Arrhythmias

A

Deviation from the normal heartbeat; irregular heartbeat

28
Q

Shock

A

Collapse of the CV system

29
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Severe, whole body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen

30
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Blood loss

31
Q

Sepsis

A

Body has a severe response to bacteria or other germs

32
Q

Emboli

A

Clots of blood that can lodge in a vessel and inhibit blood flow

33
Q

Aneurysm

A

Local dilation of the artery caused by a weak artery

34
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein (most of the time in the lower legs)

35
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein with the formation of a thrombus on the vessel wall

36
Q

Venous stasis

A

Condition of slow blood flow in the veins

37
Q

Varicose veins

A

Swollen, knotted veins in the lower legs

38
Q

Buerger’s syndrome

A

Inflammation of the peripheral arteries and veins of the extremities with clot formation

39
Q

Raynaud’s syndrome

A

A vasopastic condition of the fingers, hands, or feet.
Causes pain, numbness, and discoloration in these areas.

40
Q

Anemia

A

A reduction in the quantity of RBC/hemoglobin

41
Q

Agranulocytosis/neutropenia

A

Leuckocyte levels become extremely low

42
Q

Polycythemia

A

A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood

43
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Any disorder in which there is abnormally low amount of platelets

44
Q

Leukemia

A

Malignant neoplasms of the blood forming organs (bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes)

45
Q

Neoplasm

A

Abnormal mass of tissue

46
Q

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

A

Overproduction of immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow and lymph nodes.

47
Q

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

A

Accumulation of mature yet malfunctioned lymphocytes

48
Q

Acute Myeologenous Leukemia (AML)

A

Rapidly progressive neoplasm of cells committed to the myeloid line of development

49
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

A

Excess mature yet hypofunctional neutrophils

50
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Composed of lymphatic vessels, tissues, nodes, tonsils, spleen, and lymph

51
Q

Lymphedema

A

Abnormal collection of lymph, usually in the extremities

52
Q

Lymphangitis

A

Inflammation of the lymph vessels

53
Q

Lymphoma

A

Malignant neoplasms that arise from uncontrolled proliferation of the cellular components of lymph system

54
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

Cancer of the body’s lymphatic system, in which the involved cells proliferate and interfere with normal functioning by collection in masses in various parts of the body.

55
Q

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

No reed stern-berg cell. Cancer of lymph tissue

56
Q

Hemophilia

A

Hereditary bleeding disorder from deficiency of clotting factor

57
Q

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

A

Simultaneous hemorrhage and thrombosis

58
Q

Cardiogenic Shock

A

Caused by inadequate function of the heart or pump failure

59
Q

Cardiac Tamponade/compression

A

Compression of the myocardium and restriction of heart movement caused by blood or fluid trapped in the pericardial sac

HOSA Pathophysiology (10 decks)

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