Heart + Blood Flashcards
What circulatory system is the heart
A double circulatory system
Left and right hand side
Is always opposite
What does the right ventricle do
The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What does the left ventricle do
The left ventricle pumps blood to the body
Where and what does the aorta do
The aorta is on the left hand side so it delivers oxygenated blood to the body
Where and what does the pulmonary vein do
The pulmonary vein is on the left hand side so it contains oxygenated blood from the lungs
Where and what does the pulmonary artery do
It is on the right hand side so it delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Where and what does the Vena Cava do
It is on the right hand side so it contains deoxygenated blood from the body
What type of blood is on the right hand side of the heart
Deoxygenated blood
What type of blood is on the left hand side of the heart
Oxygenated blood
What do you valves between the atrium and ventricle do
They prevent the back flow of the blood and open to let blood through
What is the heartbeat controlled by
A group of cells in the right atrium that acts as a pacemaker
What are artificial pacemakers
Artificial pacemaker are electrical devices used to correct irregularities in the heart rate
Name characteristics for arteries
Arteries take blood away from the heart
Arteries are under high-pressure with a pulse
They have thick permeable walls and a small lumen
They have no valves and carry oxygenated blood (except the pulmonary artery)
Name characteristics of veins
Veins take blood to the heart
Blood in the veins is on the low pressure and flow smoothly
Veins have thinner walls are not permeable and a large lumen
Valves in the veins prevent back flow of blood and carry deoxygenated blood
Name characteristics of capillaries
Capillaries carry blood from arteries to veins
Pressure falls and pulse disappears
Walls are one cell thick and permeable
No valves and blood slowly loses its oxygen
What does plasma do
Plasma transports substances around the body
What are examples of substances that plasma transports
Hormones antibodies nutrients and waste substances
What do red blood cells do
Red blood cells carry oxygen from lungs to body cells
What are adaptations of red blood cells
They are tiny so they can go in narrow spaces like capillaries
They are biconcave so they have a higher surface area to volume ratio so diffusion occurs faster
They have no nucleus
What do white blood cells do
They help to protect the body against infection
What do platelets do
They help the blood to clot
