Heart Flashcards
What is blood made of?
⭐️Red blood cells
⭐️White blood cells
⭐️Platelets
⭐️Plasma
How are red blood cells adapted for its function?
⭐️It has a biconcave shape which gives it a larger surface area for absorbing oxygen.
describe the function of ventricles?
they pump the blood out of the heart that comes from the atrium
what are the functions of the valves in the heart?
to prevent the backward flow of blood
name two substances that defuse through capillary walls?
oxygen
carbon dioxide
describe the role of arteries and veins
The arteries have to be able to cope with a lot of pressure when they take blood away from the heart
The veins carry blood to the heart and have valves to stop the blood flowing backwards
explain how the structure of a capillary is adapted for its function?
capillaries structure is adapted to its function because it has tiny vessels and they are only one cell thick. they also take blood to individual cells. they are also made of very small lumen. they have thin walls to allow oxygen to diffuse in a short diffusion distance through its walls
which blood vessel goes to the body?
aorta
which blood vessel returns from the body?
vena cava
which blood vessel goes to the lungs?
pulmonary artery
which blood vessel returns from the lungs?
pulmonary vein
how adrenaline effects the heart…
- released by adrenal glands
- binds to receptors in the heart
- heart rate and force of contraction increase
- increase oxygen supply
what is coronary heart disease?
the build up of fatty acid substances such as cholesterol in the arteries can cause a blockage
what is the effect of coronary heart disease?
this reduces the amount of oxygen and glucose reaching the cardiac muscle CAUSING A HEART ATTACK!!
factors that affect coronary heart disease…
- genetics
- diet
- lack of exercise
- high blood pressure
- smoking
- stress
where does the coronary arteries deliver blood too?
the heart
what is the heart made of?
muscle
whats on the outside of the heart?
coronary muscle
how many ‘tubes’ go in and out?
4
inside, how many chamber are there?
4
what are the names of the 2 types of chamber?
atria and ventricles
which one is at the top?
atria
which ones at the bottom?
ventricles
what is the main difference between the wall of the left side of the heart and the wall of the right side of the heart?
the left side’s thicker
what is there in-between the different chambers of the heart?
valves
what is the general name of the ‘tubes’ that go in and out?
blood vessels
