Heart Flashcards
location of heart
30, SVC
32, left sup end of coronary sulcus
59, apex of heart
61, right lower end of coronary sulcus
the axis position of heart?
60 degrees saggital
30 degrees transverse
15 in axis og heart
axis of heart?
midcapula–>apex of heart
surfaces of heart?
sternocostal
diaphragmatic
pulmonary right and left
layers of pericardium
parietal and visceral
what is parietal and viceral layer of pericardium made up of?
Parietal: outer fibrous and an inner serous
viceral: serous layer
what is sabbey T
reflections of the pericardium around R. and L. pulmonary veins and IVC.
which are the pericardiac sinuses?
- transvese sinus ( b/w aorta and pulmonary trunk)
- oblique sinus: located at the venous reflections.
arterial supply to pericardium?
pericardiophrenic a. ( Internal thoracic a.)
venous drainage of pericardium?
pericardiophrenic v. —>brachiocephalic v.
Innervation of pericardium?
phrenic n. (c3-c5)
Layers of heart?
- outer fibrous parietal
- Inner serous parietal
- epicardium ( viceral pericardium)
- myocardium
- endocardium
layer of the muscles of heart?
ventricle: (outer: oblique–>circular–> long)
atrium: outer: circular inner: longitudinal
what is pericardial cavity?
space b/W parietal and viscerallayer. Contains serous fluid allowinf free movement and lubricates heart.
what is crux cordis?
where the interventricular sulci join the coronry sulcus at a right angle posteriorly.
what is waterstons groove?
used as surgical incisions into the left atrium. B/w right pulmonary v. and right atrium
branches of aortic arch?
- brachiocephalic trunk(–>right comon carotid and right subclavian)
- left common carotid
- left subclavian
what is terminal sulcus?
groove seperating right auricle and atrium proper.
structures in right atrium?
- IVC orfice at 5th costal cartilage
- SVC orfice at 3rd costal cartilage
- coronary sinus orfice
what seperates right and left atrium?
Inter atrial septum
what is oval fossa and limbus?
oval fossa is remnant of oval foramen.
what is kock triangle and its borders?
identificate AV-node
b/w tricuspid valve and thebasian valve of coronary sinus
what seperatesinflow and outflow in right ventricle?
Its a V-shaped structure where the inflow and outflow is seperated by SUPRAVENTRICULAR CREST
what is conus arteriosus?
The outflowing part of the heart where pulmonary trunk starts( infundibulum from inside)
structures in left ventricle?
septomarginal trabeculae ( ant papillart m. attached)
cusps of the tricuspid valve? what are they attached to?
Right, Left, septal, –> chorda teniae–> papillary m.
The papillart m. of right ventricle?
Ant: ant and post cusp. from septomarginal trabeculae
post: septal and post
septal: arises from interventricular wall, motionless
What seperates right and left ventricle?
interventricular septum
- membranous (attached to septal cusp of tricuspid valv)
- muscular
openings in left atrium?
Right and left pulmonary veins
valve of foramen ovale
structure in left ventricle?
- more numerous trabeculae carnea
- antero-lateral papilary m.
- postero-medial papillary m.
what seperates the inflow and outflow of the left ventricle?
the anterior cusp of bicuspid valve
what is fibrous skeleton of heart?
4 fibrous rings surrounding the orfices of the valves forminf right and left trigone.
right fibrous trigone ( central fibrous body) formed by?
formed by:
septal cusp of tricuspid
ant cusp of bicuspid
post cusp of aortic valve
left fibrous trigone?
-left aortic cusp
ant of bicuspid valve
what are the cusped valves made of?
mesothelium (dublication of endocardium)
typer of chorda teniae?
commisural
marginal
basal
what are chordae tenia composed of?
pars densa
pars flaccida
- 2 lunules
- 1 nodule
auscultation of heart?
- 2,2 IC to right (midsternal line : AORTIC VALVE
- 2,2 IC to left, midsternal line: PULMONARY VALVE
- 5,2 IC to left, midsternal line: tricuspid
- 5,9 IC to left, midclavicular line: APEX
Erbs point?
3 IC 3cm point for all sounds
branches right coronary artery?
Arises from right ant aortic sinus
- ascending SA-nodal ranch
- conus branch
- right marginal
- right atrial
- Posterior interventricular
- right posterolateral
- AV-nodal branch
branches of left coronary artery?
- Anterior interventricular branch
lateral diagonal
ascending SA branch
ant septal branch - Circumflex branch
left marginal
left posteriolateral
left atrial
venous drainage of heart?
- Great
- Middle
- Small
- Smallest
- oblique
what is coronary sinus?
Post aspect of heart which collects blood from the veins.
innervation of heart?
Cercical, stellate, thoracic ganglion
