Abdominal cavity

Question 1

bordes of abdomen

Answer 1

• Superior boundary: Diaphragm
• Inferior boundary: Pelvic diaphragm and pelvic inlet
• Posterior boundary: Vertebral colum and posterior abdominal wall muscles
• Anterior and lateral boundaries: Anterior and lateral abdominal wall muscles, ribs, sternum and iliac crests

Question 2

Layers of abdominal wall

Answer 2

Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Camper's fascia - fatty superficial layer.
Scarpa's fascia - deep fibrous layer
External oblique abdominal muscle
Internal oblique abdominal muscle
Rectus abdominis
Transverse abdominal muscle
Pyramidalis muscle
Fascia transversalis
Peritoneum

Question 3

divisions of abdominal wall

Answer 3

two lines dividing into sup, mid and inf.
sup:transpyloric
inf: transtubercular plane
SUP: R+L hypochondrium and epigastrium
Midle: R + L lumbar amd umblical mesogastrium
INF: R+L iliac and hypogastrium

Question 4

origin and insertion of external oblique?

Answer 4

o: external srfc of 5-12 rib
i: rectus sheeth

Question 5

origin and insertion of internal oblique?

Answer 5

o: ASIS, lat 2/3 of inguinal lig
i: rectus sheeth

Question 6

origin and insertion of Transverse abdominus

Answer 6

o: 7-12 rib
i: xiphoid cartilage, forms post layer of rectus sheeth

Question 7

origin and insertion of rectus abdominus

Answer 7

o: 5-7 cartilage
i: pubic tubercle

Question 8

rectus sheeth above arcuate line

Answer 8

1. Aponerosis of external
2. aponersois of internal, suoerficial tendon
   —–> rectus abdominus
3. Internal oblique deep tendon
   4 transversalis fascia

Question 9

rectus sheeth below arcuate line

Answer 9

1. Aponerosis of external
2. aponersois of internal, suoerficial tendon
3. Internal oblique deep tendon
   —–> rectus abdominus
   4 transversalis fascia

Question 10

Innervation of external, internal, transversus?

Answer 10

ilioinguinal (L1-L2)and iliohypogastric ( end branch)

Question 11

innervation rectus abdominus?

Answer 11

intercostal T7-T12

Question 12

Vessels of abdominal wall?

Answer 12

• Sup epigastric ( thoracic aorta)
• Inf epigastric (abdominal aorta)
• superficial circumflex iliac vessel ( femoral a.)
• deep circumflex iliac vessel ( external iliac a.)
• superficial epigastric vessel ( femoral a.)

Question 13

veins

Answer 13

• Paraumblical vein
• thoracoepigastric vein -> IVC
• inf epigastric—> external iliac a
• sup epigastriv vein—> internal thoracic v.—> brachiocephalic v.

Question 14

branches of abdominal aorta

Answer 14

• Inf phrenic a.
• Lumbar 1-4 a.
• median sacral a.
• middle suprarenal a.
• renal a. (L1)
• ovarian/testicular a. (L2)
• coelik trunk
• SMA
• IMA

Question 15

level of abdominal aorta?

Answer 15

Th12- L4

Question 16

branches of internal iliac a.?

Answer 16

• iliolumbar a.
• lateral sacral a.
• obturator a.
• superior + inferior gluteal a.
• Umblical a. further superior vesical a.
• Inf vesical a.
• middle rectal a.
• uterine a.
• internal pudendal a.
• artery to ductus deferens

Question 17

branches of external iliac artery?

Answer 17

• inferior epigastric a.

- deep circumflex iliac a.