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ANATOMY TWO > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

The parts of esophagus?

A

cervical
thoracic
abdominal

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2
Q

type of muscles of esophagus?

A

inner circular and outer longitudinal
upper 1/3 striated
middle 1/3 mixed
lower 1/3 smooth

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3
Q

the constrictors of esophagus?

A
  • cervical, at pharyngoesophageal junction C5 (cricoid cartilage.
  • thoracic/aortic
  • diaphragmatic (formaed by the right crus)
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4
Q

shincters of esophagus?

A

upper ( formed by cricopharyngeus part of cricoid cartilage)

and lower ( formed by right crus and phrenicoesophegal lig)

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5
Q

laimer trigone?

A

proximal part of esophagus thats absent of longitudinal muscles.

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6
Q

where does esophagus meet the stomach?

A

at cardial orfice Th 11 or 7th costal cartilage

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7
Q

arterial supply of esophagus?

A
  • cervical part: branch from inferior thyroidal artery (thyrocervical trunk)
  • thoracic: branch of left and right bronchial a. (aorta)
  • abdominal part: Left gastric and left inf phrenic
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8
Q

innervation of esophagus?

A

vagus nerve

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9
Q

location of stomach?

A

left hypochondrium and epigstric region.

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10
Q

how many layers are fused at greater curvature of stomach?

A

6
4 due to 2 double layer of peritoneum
2 due to gastrocolic lig

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11
Q

parts of stomach?

A

cardia (T-11)
fundus (
body
pyloric part ( pyloric antrum and pyloric canal)

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12
Q

whats angle of his?

A

cardial notch wich functions as an extra valve in the stomach preventing reflux of gastric juice.

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13
Q

muscular layer of stomach?

A 
inner circular
middle longitudinal
outer oblique ( from cardia to angular notch only!)
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14
Q

ligaments of stomach?

A
  • hepatogastric lig ( contains R and L gastrig a. v. )
  • gastrocolic lig ( contains anastomosis b/w L and R
    gastroepiploic a.)
  • gastrosplenic lig: ( continues further to the left as phrenicsplenic lig, contains short gastric abit of L gastroepiploic.
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15
Q

arterial supply of stomach?

A
  • Left gastric (celiac trunk)
  • Short gastric a. (splenic a)
  • posteriro gastric a (splenic a.)
  • left gastroepiploic a. (splenic a)
  • right gastric ( proper hepatic a)
  • right gastroepiploic a. ( gastroduodenal a.)
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16
Q

venous drainage of stomach?

A
  • Left gastric vein–>portal v.
  • right gastric vein–>portal v.
  • short gastric vein–> splenic v.–>portal v.
  • left gastro-epiploic v.–> splenic v.
  • right gastroepiploic v. —> superior mesentery v.
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17
Q

innervation of stomach?

A

vagus and greater splanchic n.

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18
Q

Parts of small intesitine?

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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19
Q

position of duodenum?

A

L1-L3

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20
Q

ligaments of duodenum?

A

suspensory ligaments of treitz

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21
Q

parts and their level of duodenum?

A
  • sup horizontal (L1) ( attached to hepatoduodenal lig)
  • descending ( L1-L3) ( contain junction of foregut and
    hindgut) (retroperitonel)
  • Inf horizontal (L3)
  • Ascending (l3-L2)
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22
Q

flexures of duodenum?

A
  • superior( at sup horizontal going to descending)

- Inf descending–> inf horizontal

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23
Q

arterial supply of duodenum?

A
  • superior (ant/post) pancreatico duodenal a. (gastroduodenal a)
  • inferior pancreaticoduodenal a. ( SMA)
  • gastroduodenal a. ( common hepatic a.)
  • supraduodenal a. ( gastroduodenal a.)
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24
Q

first riolan arch?

A

anastomosis b/w sup and inf pancreaticoduodenal arteries ( around head of pancreas)

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25
Q

venous drainage of duodenum?

A

pancreaticoduodenal veins–> superior mesenteric v.

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26
Q

innervation of duodenum?

A

vagus and greater and lesser splanchnic

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27
Q

where does jejunum begin?

A

at the duodejojejunal flexure

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28
Q

difference b/w jejunum and ileum?

A

jejunum less prominent arterial arches and longer vasa recta then ilieum.

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29
Q

arterial supply of jejunum and ileum?

A
  • jununal a.
  • ileal a.

both from superior mesenteric a .

30
Q

venous drainage of ilium and jejunum?

A

superior mesenteric v.

31
Q

innervation of jejunum and ileum?

A

greater and lesser splanchinc and vagus

32
Q

components of large intestine?

A

cecum, appendix, colon, sigmoid, rectum, anal

33
Q

diffrences b/w large and small intestine?

A

Large has

  • omental appendices
  • tenia colic ( free, omental, mesocolic)
  • haustra
34
Q

tenias of large intesitne?

A
  • omental (postero-medaial)
  • free ( ant)
  • mesocoloc ( postero-lateral)
35
Q

does sigmoid colon has three tenia?

A

No, only two, theomental teniae disapeares

36
Q

location of cecum?

A

right iliac quadrant

37
Q

properties of ceum?

A
  • no mesentery
  • intraperitoneal
  • attached to the wall by cecal folds
38
Q

vermiform appendix ?

A

contains masses of lymphoid tissue, has mesoappendix

39
Q

what is McBurney point?

A

where appenix can be found. A line from ASIS to the umblicus.

40
Q

arterial supplu cecum?

A

ilieocolic a

41
Q

venous drainge of cecum?

A

ileocecal vein?

42
Q

parts of colon?

A

Ascending, transverse and descending

43
Q

what is right paracolic gutter?

A

Its recess lateralty to the ascending colon adjacent to abdominal wall. Its in continues with subhepatic recess and iliac fossa. Can play role in infection spread.

44
Q

arterial supply of ascending colon?

A

Right colic a. ( SMA)

middle colic a. (SMA)

45
Q

ligament on transverse colon?

A
  • phrenicocolic lig

- 6 layer gastrocolic lig

46
Q

level of transverse colon?

47
Q

arterial supply of transverse colon?

A
  • middle colic a. ( SMA)

- left colic a. ( IMA)

48
Q

what is 2nd riolan arch?

A

arch b/w left (IMA) and middle colic a. (SMA)

It marks the border b/w the hindgut and the midgut

49
Q

venous drainage of transverse colon?

A

middle colic a.–>SMV

50
Q

left paracolic gutter?

A

recess b/w abdominal wall and decsending colon, closed upward by phrenicocolic ligament

51
Q

arterial supply of descending colon?

A

left colic a–>IMA

52
Q

Marginal artery of drummond?

A

anastomosis b/w left and right colic a.

53
Q

venous drainage of descending colon?

A

left colic v–> IMV

54
Q

position of sigmoid colon?

A

iliac fossa–>S3

55
Q

termination of teniae?

A

rectosigmoidal junction

56
Q

arterial supply of sigmoid colon?

A

sigmoidal a–> IMA

57
Q

what is sudeck point?

A

anastomosis b/w sigmoidal a and superior rectal a.

58
Q

innervation of colon?

A

superior hypogastric n.

vagus

59
Q

cannon -Böhm point?

A

where innervation oc colon changes from vagus–>sacral plexus. Also marks site of 2nd riolan arch.

60
Q

properties of rectum?

A

Omental apendices and haustrations disapear and tenia from sigmoid form smootm m.

61
Q

flexures of rectum?

A

rectum is S-shaped has one sacral flexure and perineal flexure.

62
Q

folds of rectum?

A

2 on left side–> transverse rectal folds (houston valves)

1 on right side–> kohlrauch fold

63
Q

whats function of pararectal fossa?

A

allows distention of rectum

64
Q

arterial supply of rectum

A

sup rectal a.–>IMA
middle rectal a.–>Internal iliac a
inf rectal a. –> internal pudendal a.–>internal iliac a.

65
Q

venous drainage of rectum?

A

superior rectal v–> IMV

inf +middle rectal v–> Internal iliac v.

66
Q

innervation of rectum?

A

superior hypogastric and pelvic splanchnic nerves

67
Q

sphincter of anal canal?

A
  • Internal
    • circular smoot m.
  • External
    • striated m.
68
Q

what are the two anal sphincter seperated by?

A

corrugator cutis m of anus

69
Q

what is pectinate line?

A

indicates the junction of sup part of anal canal (hindgut) and inf part (proctodeum)

70
Q

arterial supply of anal canal?

A 
sup rectal (above pectinate line)
inf and middle rectal (beow pectineate)
71
Q

innervation of anal canal?

A
  • inf hypogastric ( above pectinate)

- pudendal n. ( below pectineate line)

72
Q

what are the columns in anal canal called?

A

colums of morgani

ANATOMY TWO (22 decks)

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