Heart Flashcards
Double-walled sac that encloses the heart
Pericardium
Deep to the pericardium
Serous Pericardium
Lines the inside of the pericardiym
Parietal pericardium
Covers the surface of the heart
Epicardium
Composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart
Myocardium
Lines the chambers of the heart
Endocardium
Receiving chambers of the heart
Right and let atria
Pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
Right ventricle
Pumps blood into the aorta
Left ventricle
Pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit
Right side of the heart
Pumps blood into the systematic circuit
Left side of the heart
Provides the blood supply for the heart cells
Coronary circulation
Prevent backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract
Tricuspid and mitral valves
AV Valves are open
heart is relaxes
AV valves are closed
heart is contracting
Prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles
Aortic and pulmonary valves
Aortic and pulmonary valves are closed
Heart is relaxed
Aortic and pulmonary valves are opened
Heart is contracting
Made up of specialized cardiac cells that initiate and distribute impulses ensuring that the heart depolarizes in an orderly fashion
Intrinsic conduction system
Unstable resting potential that continuously depolarizes
Autorhythmic cells
Increases rate and depth of the heartbeat
Sympathetic center
Slows heartbeat
Parasympathetic center
Monitors and amplifies the electrical signals of the heart and records it as an electrocardiogram
Electrocardiograph
The first heart sound
lub
The second heart sound
Dup
Extraneous heart sounds due to turbulent backflow of blood through a valve that does not close tightly
Heart murmurs
Contractile phase of the cardiac cycle
Systole
Relaxation stage of the cardiac cycle
Diastole
The amount of blood pumped out a ventricle per beat
Cardiac output
The frank-starling law of the heart states that the critical factor controlling stoke volume is the degree of stretch of cardiac mucle cells immediately before they contract
Preload
Contractile strength increases if there is an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration
Contractility
Ventriclar pressure that must be ovecome before blood can be ejected from the heart
Afterload
When one side of the heart fails
Pulmonary congestion
